试用模糊观把握政治经济学对象界限

如何把握政治经济学对象界限问题,即政治经济学除了研究生产关系,还应在什么程度上及怎样研究生产力,这是一个素有争议的问题。党中央《关于经济体制改革的决定》发表后,理论界开始积极投入社会主义政治经济学理论建设工作。在这种情况下,弄清政治经济学对象界限问题是大有裨益的。鉴此,笔者不揣浅陋,把自己的一点尚欠成熟的看法提出来,就教于理论界的同志们。

由模糊意义观谈中华文化专有项英译

“语言意义”是语言哲学、语言学、翻译学的共同命题,在中华文化英译中对文化专有项的处理要求译者不得不在固定意义观和模糊意义观中做出选择。比较了两种意义观,对中华文化专有项进行分类,并以专有名词类别中的地名和组织名、一般名词类别中的抽象概念词为例子说明模糊语言观在处理这类翻译难点的可行性,旨在鼓励译者灵活处理语言表征,通过尝试实现意义层面的模糊对等,以在不同语言表征难以一致的困境中解放手脚。

诗观与写作的悖离——穆木天的“纯诗”理论与写作实践

在穆木天的文学生涯中,有两次大的转向,一次是在日本期间由浪漫主义到象征主义的转向,其诗歌作品是写于1925年的《旅心》,其理论作品是写于1926年的《谭诗》这篇长文。前者表达的是模糊诗观,后者则是明确诗观。《谭诗》中表达的明确诗观主要涉及三个层面:诗歌的本质,诗歌写作的基本理念与诗歌写作的基本技术。而其核心的概念即是他主张的"纯粹诗歌"("纯诗")。但在实际上,穆木天的诗作只动用了他诗学主张的第三方面,即他自己提倡的诗歌写作的基本技术,在他的诗作与诗观之间,存在着很大程度的悖离。

试论系统科学思维方式的特点

本文作者认为,系统思维方式包括整体观、能动观、突变观、模糊观以及系统与环境间的相互作用.此外,作者还将思维方式的发展过程分为三个阶段,并在文章最后做了比较.

Fuzzy disturbance rejection predictive control of ultra-supercritical once-through boiler-turbine unit

In order to overcome the wide-range load tracking and unknown disturbance issues of an ultra-supercritical boiler- turbine unit, a fuzzy disturbance rejection predictive control approach is proposed using the techniques of fuzzy scheduling, model predictive control and extended state observer. Local state-space models are established on the basis of nonlinearity analysis and subspace identification. To eiJiance thedisturbance rejection capability of the controller, a extended state observer is employed to estimate unnown disturbances and model mismatches. The disturbance estimation ennaced local predictive controllers ae subsequently devised based on the local models, the performance of which is further strengthened by incorporating the fuzzy scheduling technique. The simulation results verify the merits of the proposed strategy in achieving satisfactory wide-range load tracking ad disturbance rejection performance.

RBF neural network regression model based on fuzzy observations

A fuzzy observations-based radial basis function neural network （FORBFNN） is presented for modeling nonlinear systems in which the observations of response are imprecise but can be represented as fuzzy membership functions. In the FORBFNN model, the weight coefficients of nodes in the hidden layer are identified by using the fuzzy expectation-maximization （ EM ） algorithm, whereas the optimal number of these nodes as well as the centers and widths of radial basis functions are automatically constructed by using a data-driven method. Namely, the method starts with an initial node, and then a new node is added in a hidden layer according to some rules. This procedure is not terminated until the model meets the preset requirements. The method considers both the accuracy and complexity of the model. Numerical simulation results show that the modeling method is effective, and the established model has high prediction accuracy.

急救时，使用氧疗须合理

氧气疗法是临床最常用的治疗手段之一，指通过吸入额外氧气纠正机体缺氧，预防低氧血症，并是抢救危重患者的重要措施。所有临床医生似乎都对氧疗不陌生，却未必都系统全面地了解过氧疗相关知识，可能存在不少模糊观念，在急救或危重症中合理使用氧疗尤为重要。

Pneumatic active suspension system for a one-wheel car model using fuzzy reasoning and a disturbance observer

This paper presents the construction of a pneumatic active suspension system for a one-wheel car model using fuzzy reasoning and a disturbance observer. The one-wheel car model can be approximately described as a nonlinear two degrees of freedom system subject to excitation from a road profile. The active control is composed of fuzzy and disturbance controls, and the active control force is constructed by actuating a pneumatic actuator. A phase lead-lag compensator is inserted to counter the performance degradation due to the delay of the pneumatic actuator. The experimental result indicates that the proposed active suspension improves much the vibration suppression of the car model.

Improved control strategy for PMSM based on fuzzy sliding mode control and sliding-mode observer

Aimed at the problems of large torque ripple,obvious chattering and poor estimation accuracy of back-EMFs in traditional permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)control system with sliding mode observer(SMO),an improved control strategy for PMSM based on a fuzzy sliding mode control(FSMC)and a two-stage filter sliding mode observer(TFSMO)is proposed.Firstly,a novel reaching law(NRL)used in the speed loop based on hyperbolic sine function is studied,and fuzzy control ideal is shown to achieve the self-turning of the parameter for the reaching law,thus a fuzzy integral sliding mode controller based on the novel reaching law is designed in speed loop.Then the suppression effect upon chattering caused by the novel reaching law is analyzed strictly by discrete equation.Secondly,in order to restrain the high frequency components and measurement noise in back-EMFs,a two-stage filter structure based on a variable cut-off frequency low-pass filter(VCF-LPF)and a modified back-EMF observer(MBO)is conceived,and the rotor position is compensated reasonably.As a result,a TFSMO is designed.The stability of the proposed control strategy is proved by Lyapunov Criterion.The simulation and experiment results show that,compared with traditional SMO,the controller suggested above can obtain very nice system respond when the motor starts and is subjected to external disturbances,and effectively improve the problems about torque ripple,chattering and the estimation accuracy of back-EMF.

Observer-Based Fuzzy Control Design for Discrete-Time T-S Fuzzy Bilinear Stochastic,Systems with Infinite-Distributed Delays

This paper is concerned with the problem of observer-based fuzzy control design for discrete-time T-S fuzzy bilinear stochastic systems with infinite-distributed delays. Based on the piecewise quadratic Lyapunov functional （PQLF）, the fuzzy observer-basedcontrollers are designed for T-S fuzzy bilinear stochastic systems. It is shown that the stability in the mean square for discrete T-S fuzzy bilinear stochastic systems can be established if there exists a set of PQLF can be constructed and the fuzzy observer-based controller can be obtained by solving a set of nonlinear minimization problem involving linear matrix inequalities （LMIs） constraints. An iterative algorithm making use of sequential linear programming matrix method （SLPMM） to derive a single-step LMI condition for fuzzy observer-based control design. Finally, an illustrative example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the results proposed in this paper.

Evaluation on Pipao＇ s Construction Comfort by Fuzzy Theory

Comfort is one of the most important attributes demanded by bra consumers. It reflects the psychological feeling of a wearer.Different kinds of knitted fabric are chosen as bra samples in this paper. This subject studied the bra＇s comfort sensations by carrying out a series of subjective wear at temperature at 21± 2℃ and humidity of 65±3%. By exploratory analysis of the subjective ratings on 3 mainly sensory factors （thermal, moisture and tightness）, the relationships between 3 factors are studied under three conditions, before, during and after movement. This study is focused on subjective evaluation ofbra＇ s comfort sensations of made of different knitted fabrics. Finally, based on fuzzy theory, the comprehensive comfort sensations of these fabrics in different wear conditions are analyzed and evaluated.

Research on the road landscape evaluation system with the emphasis on the landscape ecology

As the idea of the sustainable development wins support among the people, people have already realized that not only should the road have the transportation function, but we also should consider the rationality of the road construction fi＇om the multiple angles of the landscape ecology, and the visual art and so on. From the point of view of the landscape ecology, combined with the characteristics of the landscape ecology and the overall targets and requirements of the evaluation, this article constructs a three-tier system of indicators, uses the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model based on the analytic hierarchy process to evaluate the road landscape, and makes an empirical analysis with the evaluation of the road landscape fi＇om the Luoshi Road to the East Lake Road in the Second Loop of Wuhan City as an example.

Investigation on Fuzzy in English Literature Teaching

This thesis studies the concept and research background of filzziness and fuzzy theory, then committing further enumeration and analysis of the application of fuzzy theory in the fields of linguistics and literature. On this basis, the effectiveness and rationalization of the fuzzy theory＇s application in the English literature teaching were confirmed from many aspects. Among them, it is mainly investigated and analyzed from the objective factors and subjective factors. Subjective aspects mainly contain students＇ different cognitive ability, and the diversity existed in teachers＇ teaching and guiding methods. Objective aspects mainly include that the literature language and literature thoughts itself have the unique ambiguity. Finally, in summing up the investigation results the author put forward the essence of English literature teaching activity and put forward the methods to improve English literature teaching.

Mapping Soil Texture Based on Field Soil Moisture Observations at a High Temporal Resolution in an Oasis Agricultural Area

Due to the almost homogeneous topography in low relief areas, it is usually difficult to make accurate predictions of soil properties using topographic covariates. In this study, we examined how time series of field soil moisture observations can be used to estimate soil texture in an oasis agricultural area with low relief in the semi-arid region of northwest China. Time series of field-observed soil moisture variations were recorded for 132 h beginning at the end of an irrigation event during which the surface soil was saturated.Spatial correlation between two time-adjacent soil moisture conditions was used to select the factors for fuzzy c-means clustering. In each of the ten generated clusters, soil texture of the soil sample with the maximum fuzzy membership value was taken as the cluster centroid. Finally, a linearly weighted average was used to predict soil texture from the centroids. The results showed that soil moisture increased with the increase of clay and silt contents, but decreased with the increase of sand content. The spatial patterns of soil moisture changed during the entire soil drying phase. We assumed that these changes were mainly caused by spatial heterogeneity of soil texture. A total of 64 independent samples were used to evaluate the prediction accuracy. The root mean square error(RMSE)values of clay, silt and sand were 1.63, 2.81 and 3.71, respectively. The mean relative error(RE) values were 9.57% for clay, 3.77% for silt and 12.83% for sand. It could be concluded that the method used in this study was effective for soil texture mapping in the low-relief oasis agricultural area and could be applicable in other similar irrigation agricultural areas.

Fuzzy Neural Network-based Evaluation Model on Chinese Area＇s Macroscopical Credit

Traditional credit evaluation models failed to produce partial results due to their ignorance of the whole risks of credit environment. An excellent evaluating model on credit should take into account the credit environment impersonally and comprehensively. In this paper, a novel area＇s macroscopical credit evaluation model based on Fuzzy Neural Network is constructed. A set of scientific and reasonable evaluating indexes are extracted from feature space of macroscopical credit, then based on these indexes a Fuzzy Neural Network （FNN） model on credit evaluation is constructed and applied into the practical credit evaluation of some Chinese provinces randomly selected for the first time. Results show our model is both practical and capable.