[Objective] The aim was to propose a new entropy weight fuzzy compre- hensive evaluation method for assessing cotton salt tolerance, realizing the objective, accurate and comprehensive evaluation of salt tolerance of ...[Objective] The aim was to propose a new entropy weight fuzzy compre- hensive evaluation method for assessing cotton salt tolerance, realizing the objective, accurate and comprehensive evaluation of salt tolerance of cotton. [Method] A sand culture experiment under salt stress of 150 mmol/L of NaCI was designed. The in- dicator weight was determined with the entropy weight fuzzy comprehensive evalu- ation method, based on the salt injury index of indicators. The salt tolerance of cotton was evaluated comprehensively. [Result] At the germination stage, the entropy and weight of salt injury index of germination energy, vigor index, hypocotyl length and fresh weight were highest, followed by germination rate and germination index, and of root length were lowest. At the seedling stage, the entropy and weight of salt injury index of plasma membrane permeability, root vigor and leaf expansion rate were highest, followed by plant height and net photosynthetic rate, and of shoot dry weight and root dry weight were lowest. The salt tolerance of cotton differed a- mong growth stages and cultivars. Among the 11 cultivars, CCRI-44 and CCRI-75 were steadily salt-tolerant at both germination and seedling stages; CCRI-17, Sumi- an 22, Sumian 15 and Dexiamianl had a stable moderate salt tolerance; while Sumian 12 and Simian 3 were steadily salt-sensitive. [Conclusion] The evaluated result was objective and exact, which indicated that this method could be used in comprehensive evaluation of salt tolerance of cotton.展开更多
[Objective] This study was to provide references for the evaluation of water quality in aquaculture ponds by evaluating the pond water quality using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method based on entropy weight. [Meth...[Objective] This study was to provide references for the evaluation of water quality in aquaculture ponds by evaluating the pond water quality using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method based on entropy weight. [Method] The fuzzy compre- hensive evaluation method based on entropy weight was used to evaluate the water quality in the ponds with Ukraine scale carp （Cyprinus carpio） as the main cultivated fish. The average size of the fish was 71.4 g/ind, and totally three groups of pond were set with the population density of 6 000, 9 000, 12 000 ind/hm2. [Result] According to the GB3838-2002 Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water of China, the water quality of 6 000 ind/hm2 group was Grade I, and the water quality of 9 000 and 12 000 ind/hm2 were Grade V. [Conclusion] With the increasing of feeding density, the pond water quality would worsen, however, there is no difference on water quality between 9 000 and 12 000 ind/hm2 groups.展开更多
为更好结合施工实际现场情况实现建筑施工过程中的HSE(health, safety and environment)风险预警有效性和可操作性,将失效模式及影响分析(failure mode and effect analysis,FMEA)引入建筑施工的HSE管理过程。依据现场施工检查的特点及...为更好结合施工实际现场情况实现建筑施工过程中的HSE(health, safety and environment)风险预警有效性和可操作性,将失效模式及影响分析(failure mode and effect analysis,FMEA)引入建筑施工的HSE管理过程。依据现场施工检查的特点及建筑施工相关法规构建了建筑施工过程中的HSE风险预警指标和主要失效模式,通过施工现场监控数据对建筑施工过程的HSE风险指标从其可能性、严重度、难检度3个维度进行评价并计算确定其风险顺序度数,从而构建出符合实际施工FMEA特点的基本预警流程。为更好利用专业管理人员的经验知识,在计算过程中通过三角模糊函数实现对预警指标的模糊评价的定量化,并结合熵值法优化权重,减少主观评价偏差。在某体育场馆建设项目中的应用证明了FMEA在建筑施工HSE风险预警中的有效性和可操作性。展开更多
Dynamic control of reservoir limited water level is important to reservoir flood control operation.A reasonable limited water level can best utilize flood water resources in addition to flood control.This paper is a t...Dynamic control of reservoir limited water level is important to reservoir flood control operation.A reasonable limited water level can best utilize flood water resources in addition to flood control.This paper is a trial application of the fuzzy information entropy matter-element evaluation method(FIEMEM) as an optimal selection of dynamic control of limited water level.In this method,compound matter elements are established first,followed by establishment of an evaluation model and choice of the optimal scheme on the basis of fuzzy information entropy.In determining weights,a combined weighting method in game theory is adopted to combine experiential weights and mathematical weights so as to eliminate one-sidedness of the single weighting method.Finally,the feasibility of this optimization method is verified by citing dynamic control of Biliuhe reservoir limited water level as an example.展开更多
Quantitative assessment of vulnerability is a core aspect of wetland vulnerability research.Taking Baiyangdian(BYD)wetlands in the North China Plain as a study area and using the‘cause-result’model,23 representative...Quantitative assessment of vulnerability is a core aspect of wetland vulnerability research.Taking Baiyangdian(BYD)wetlands in the North China Plain as a study area and using the‘cause-result’model,23 representative indicators from natural,social,sci-tech and economic elements were selected to construct an indicator system.A weight matrix was obtained by using the entropy weight method to calculate the weight value for each indicator.Based on the membership function in the fuzzy evaluation model,the membership degrees were determined to form a fuzzy relation matrix.Finally,the ecological vulnerability was quantitatively assessed based on the comprehensive evaluation index calculated by using a composite operator to combine the entropy weight matrix with the fuzzy relation matrix.The results showed that the ecological vulnerability levels of the BYD wetlands were comprehensively evaluated as Grade Ⅱ,Grade Ⅲ,Grade Ⅳ,and Grade Ⅲ in 2010,2011-2013,2014,and 2015-2017,respectively.The ecological vulnerability of the BYD wetlands increased from low fragility in 2010 to general fragility in 2011-2013,and to high fragility in 2014,reflecting the fact that the wetland ecological condition was degenerating from 2010 to 2014.The ecological vulnerability status then turned back into general fragility during 2015-2017,indicating that the ecological situation of the BYD wetlands was starting to improve.However,the ecological status of the BYD wetlands on the whole is relatively less optimistic.The major factors affecting the ecological vulnerability of the BYD wetlands were found to be industrial smoke and dust emission,wetland water area,ammonia nitrogen,total phosphorus,rate of industrial solid wastes disposed,GDP per capita,etc.This illustrates that it is a systematic project to regulate wetland vulnerability and to protect regional ecological security,which may offer researchers and policy-makers specific clues for concrete interventions.展开更多
基金Supported by Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund(CX(12)5035)Jiangsu Agricultural "Three New Engineering" Project(SXGC[2014]299)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to propose a new entropy weight fuzzy compre- hensive evaluation method for assessing cotton salt tolerance, realizing the objective, accurate and comprehensive evaluation of salt tolerance of cotton. [Method] A sand culture experiment under salt stress of 150 mmol/L of NaCI was designed. The in- dicator weight was determined with the entropy weight fuzzy comprehensive evalu- ation method, based on the salt injury index of indicators. The salt tolerance of cotton was evaluated comprehensively. [Result] At the germination stage, the entropy and weight of salt injury index of germination energy, vigor index, hypocotyl length and fresh weight were highest, followed by germination rate and germination index, and of root length were lowest. At the seedling stage, the entropy and weight of salt injury index of plasma membrane permeability, root vigor and leaf expansion rate were highest, followed by plant height and net photosynthetic rate, and of shoot dry weight and root dry weight were lowest. The salt tolerance of cotton differed a- mong growth stages and cultivars. Among the 11 cultivars, CCRI-44 and CCRI-75 were steadily salt-tolerant at both germination and seedling stages; CCRI-17, Sumi- an 22, Sumian 15 and Dexiamianl had a stable moderate salt tolerance; while Sumian 12 and Simian 3 were steadily salt-sensitive. [Conclusion] The evaluated result was objective and exact, which indicated that this method could be used in comprehensive evaluation of salt tolerance of cotton.
基金Supported by the Major Project of Application Foundation and Advanced Technology of Tianjin (the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin) (09JCZDJC19200),China~~
文摘[Objective] This study was to provide references for the evaluation of water quality in aquaculture ponds by evaluating the pond water quality using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method based on entropy weight. [Method] The fuzzy compre- hensive evaluation method based on entropy weight was used to evaluate the water quality in the ponds with Ukraine scale carp （Cyprinus carpio） as the main cultivated fish. The average size of the fish was 71.4 g/ind, and totally three groups of pond were set with the population density of 6 000, 9 000, 12 000 ind/hm2. [Result] According to the GB3838-2002 Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water of China, the water quality of 6 000 ind/hm2 group was Grade I, and the water quality of 9 000 and 12 000 ind/hm2 were Grade V. [Conclusion] With the increasing of feeding density, the pond water quality would worsen, however, there is no difference on water quality between 9 000 and 12 000 ind/hm2 groups.
文摘为更好结合施工实际现场情况实现建筑施工过程中的HSE(health, safety and environment)风险预警有效性和可操作性,将失效模式及影响分析(failure mode and effect analysis,FMEA)引入建筑施工的HSE管理过程。依据现场施工检查的特点及建筑施工相关法规构建了建筑施工过程中的HSE风险预警指标和主要失效模式,通过施工现场监控数据对建筑施工过程的HSE风险指标从其可能性、严重度、难检度3个维度进行评价并计算确定其风险顺序度数,从而构建出符合实际施工FMEA特点的基本预警流程。为更好利用专业管理人员的经验知识,在计算过程中通过三角模糊函数实现对预警指标的模糊评价的定量化,并结合熵值法优化权重,减少主观评价偏差。在某体育场馆建设项目中的应用证明了FMEA在建筑施工HSE风险预警中的有效性和可操作性。
基金supported by the Nonprofit Sector Specific Research of Ministry of Water Resources (Grant No. 200701015)
文摘Dynamic control of reservoir limited water level is important to reservoir flood control operation.A reasonable limited water level can best utilize flood water resources in addition to flood control.This paper is a trial application of the fuzzy information entropy matter-element evaluation method(FIEMEM) as an optimal selection of dynamic control of limited water level.In this method,compound matter elements are established first,followed by establishment of an evaluation model and choice of the optimal scheme on the basis of fuzzy information entropy.In determining weights,a combined weighting method in game theory is adopted to combine experiential weights and mathematical weights so as to eliminate one-sidedness of the single weighting method.Finally,the feasibility of this optimization method is verified by citing dynamic control of Biliuhe reservoir limited water level as an example.
基金The Key Research and Development Project by Science and Technology Program of Hebei(18273005)。
文摘Quantitative assessment of vulnerability is a core aspect of wetland vulnerability research.Taking Baiyangdian(BYD)wetlands in the North China Plain as a study area and using the‘cause-result’model,23 representative indicators from natural,social,sci-tech and economic elements were selected to construct an indicator system.A weight matrix was obtained by using the entropy weight method to calculate the weight value for each indicator.Based on the membership function in the fuzzy evaluation model,the membership degrees were determined to form a fuzzy relation matrix.Finally,the ecological vulnerability was quantitatively assessed based on the comprehensive evaluation index calculated by using a composite operator to combine the entropy weight matrix with the fuzzy relation matrix.The results showed that the ecological vulnerability levels of the BYD wetlands were comprehensively evaluated as Grade Ⅱ,Grade Ⅲ,Grade Ⅳ,and Grade Ⅲ in 2010,2011-2013,2014,and 2015-2017,respectively.The ecological vulnerability of the BYD wetlands increased from low fragility in 2010 to general fragility in 2011-2013,and to high fragility in 2014,reflecting the fact that the wetland ecological condition was degenerating from 2010 to 2014.The ecological vulnerability status then turned back into general fragility during 2015-2017,indicating that the ecological situation of the BYD wetlands was starting to improve.However,the ecological status of the BYD wetlands on the whole is relatively less optimistic.The major factors affecting the ecological vulnerability of the BYD wetlands were found to be industrial smoke and dust emission,wetland water area,ammonia nitrogen,total phosphorus,rate of industrial solid wastes disposed,GDP per capita,etc.This illustrates that it is a systematic project to regulate wetland vulnerability and to protect regional ecological security,which may offer researchers and policy-makers specific clues for concrete interventions.
