This study aims to fertilize research on parental mediation with the importance of parents＇ media attitudes in terms of parental third-person effects and its varieties. The explanatory power of these perceptions on b...This study aims to fertilize research on parental mediation with the importance of parents＇ media attitudes in terms of parental third-person effects and its varieties. The explanatory power of these perceptions on behavioral consequences as types of parental mediation is analyzed with control for previously known factors. Data from a cross-sectional population survey in Sweden 2011 covered a representative sample of children, aged 2-17 years in total 1461. The results show that the parental second-person perceptions explain （i.e., general belief in media effects） more than parental third-person perceptions. Parental second-person perceptions together with the age of the child explain most of the restrictive mediation and the effects of parental second-person perceptions on restrictive mediation increase with the parents lesser control of the media type.展开更多
Abstract： Background： Antibiotic self-medication is highly prevalent in the developing countries. The objective of the study was to evaluate self-medication with antibiotics and the regulation of antibiotics consump...Abstract： Background： Antibiotic self-medication is highly prevalent in the developing countries. The objective of the study was to evaluate self-medication with antibiotics and the regulation of antibiotics consumption in the private and public pharmacies of the urban area of Bujumbura. Methods： A cross sectional study using self-administered questionnaire was conducted in private and public pharmacies of Bujumbura. 460 clients were randomly chosen and 32 sellers randomly selected from January to September 2015 and interviewed. Results： Of the 460 participants, 186 （40.43%） practiced self-medication to antibiotics. The average age was 34.89 years. Abdominal pain was the first motivation to practice self-medication （20.8%）. Amoxicillin was the antibiotic most commonly used （47.3%）. Inaccessibility to health care facilities due to the lack of financial resources was cited to be the root of this phenomenon （62%） and these antibiotics were mostly acquired from community pharmacies without prescriptions （84.4%）. Conclusions： The high cost of care and the low level ofstudy of the patients are factors favoring this phenomenon. A national policy for regulation use of antibiotics without a medical prescription and an educational program to general population on the effective use of antibiotics are therefore needed.展开更多
Scattering process always reveal valuable information. For example scattering of alpha particle in Rutherford＇s well known experiment revealed the existence of nucleus. Physicists have been studying collision process...Scattering process always reveal valuable information. For example scattering of alpha particle in Rutherford＇s well known experiment revealed the existence of nucleus. Physicists have been studying collision process both experimentally as well as theoretically to know much about particle Physics. It is believed that the quark-quark scattering results are same as those of lepton-lepton systems and they are mass independent. The aim of this work was to calculate amplitude cross section for heavy quarks. Our results reveal a mass dependence of these results for heavy quarks.展开更多
Objective: This study aims to investigate the truth-telling status and the relevant factors of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) patients in Henan, China.Methods: A cross-sectional study from April to June 2015...Objective: This study aims to investigate the truth-telling status and the relevant factors of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) patients in Henan, China.Methods: A cross-sectional study from April to June 2015 using questionnaires was given to 301 family members of hospitalized ESCC patients based in three affiliated hospitals of Zhengzhou University(i.e., The First Hospital, The Second Hospital, and Tumor Hospital) and Anyang Tumor Hospital.Results: Among the 41.9%(126/301) hospitalized ESCC patients who knew of their true diagnoses, only 4.0% patients were informed by their corresponding responsible doctors, 39.7% by their family members, and 56.3% by themselves. Univariate analyses showed that disclosure of confirmed ESCC diagnosis to patients was correlated with gender, family history of cancer(FHC), education level, vocation, hospital administrative level, and attitudes of family members(P < 0.05). Furthermore,multivariate analysis indicated that attitude of family members was the most important and an independent factor for diagnosis disclosure. Those patients with a negative FHC, under-education, manual occupation, advanced stages, and hospitalized in municipal hospitals exhibited a low rate of truth telling.Conclusions: Truth telling for ESCC patients in Henan is not prevalent and may be improved through consultation with family members, particularly for patients with a negative FHC, poor education, manual occupation, and advanced stages.展开更多
The Zhangjiakou-Bohai Sea seismic belt is an important seismic zone in North China. The direction of principal compressive stress is near EW in this region. According to digital seismic data from the Capital Region fr...The Zhangjiakou-Bohai Sea seismic belt is an important seismic zone in North China. The direction of principal compressive stress is near EW in this region. According to digital seismic data from the Capital Region from September 2005 to September 2010,and using the SAM method,the spatial distribution of the crust anisotropy characteristics are studied and discussed in the middle-eastern part of the Zhangjiakou-Bohai Sea seismic belt. The principal polarization direction,which is near EW direction,is obvious in the middleeastern Zhangjiakou-Bohai Sea seismic belt. The spatial distribution of polarization direction crossing the Zhangjiakou-Bohai Sea seismic belt shows that there is little difference among the Yanshan uplift area,inside of the seismic zone and North China basin,and the principal polarization direction is near EW.展开更多
文摘This study aims to fertilize research on parental mediation with the importance of parents＇ media attitudes in terms of parental third-person effects and its varieties. The explanatory power of these perceptions on behavioral consequences as types of parental mediation is analyzed with control for previously known factors. Data from a cross-sectional population survey in Sweden 2011 covered a representative sample of children, aged 2-17 years in total 1461. The results show that the parental second-person perceptions explain （i.e., general belief in media effects） more than parental third-person perceptions. Parental second-person perceptions together with the age of the child explain most of the restrictive mediation and the effects of parental second-person perceptions on restrictive mediation increase with the parents lesser control of the media type.
文摘Abstract： Background： Antibiotic self-medication is highly prevalent in the developing countries. The objective of the study was to evaluate self-medication with antibiotics and the regulation of antibiotics consumption in the private and public pharmacies of the urban area of Bujumbura. Methods： A cross sectional study using self-administered questionnaire was conducted in private and public pharmacies of Bujumbura. 460 clients were randomly chosen and 32 sellers randomly selected from January to September 2015 and interviewed. Results： Of the 460 participants, 186 （40.43%） practiced self-medication to antibiotics. The average age was 34.89 years. Abdominal pain was the first motivation to practice self-medication （20.8%）. Amoxicillin was the antibiotic most commonly used （47.3%）. Inaccessibility to health care facilities due to the lack of financial resources was cited to be the root of this phenomenon （62%） and these antibiotics were mostly acquired from community pharmacies without prescriptions （84.4%）. Conclusions： The high cost of care and the low level ofstudy of the patients are factors favoring this phenomenon. A national policy for regulation use of antibiotics without a medical prescription and an educational program to general population on the effective use of antibiotics are therefore needed.
文摘Scattering process always reveal valuable information. For example scattering of alpha particle in Rutherford＇s well known experiment revealed the existence of nucleus. Physicists have been studying collision process both experimentally as well as theoretically to know much about particle Physics. It is believed that the quark-quark scattering results are same as those of lepton-lepton systems and they are mass independent. The aim of this work was to calculate amplitude cross section for heavy quarks. Our results reveal a mass dependence of these results for heavy quarks.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81472323)Top Talent Support Project of Zhengzhou University(Grant No.ZDGD13001)Innovation Scientists and Technicians Troop Construction Projects of Henan Province,China(Grant No.3047)
文摘Objective: This study aims to investigate the truth-telling status and the relevant factors of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) patients in Henan, China.Methods: A cross-sectional study from April to June 2015 using questionnaires was given to 301 family members of hospitalized ESCC patients based in three affiliated hospitals of Zhengzhou University(i.e., The First Hospital, The Second Hospital, and Tumor Hospital) and Anyang Tumor Hospital.Results: Among the 41.9%(126/301) hospitalized ESCC patients who knew of their true diagnoses, only 4.0% patients were informed by their corresponding responsible doctors, 39.7% by their family members, and 56.3% by themselves. Univariate analyses showed that disclosure of confirmed ESCC diagnosis to patients was correlated with gender, family history of cancer(FHC), education level, vocation, hospital administrative level, and attitudes of family members(P < 0.05). Furthermore,multivariate analysis indicated that attitude of family members was the most important and an independent factor for diagnosis disclosure. Those patients with a negative FHC, under-education, manual occupation, advanced stages, and hospitalized in municipal hospitals exhibited a low rate of truth telling.Conclusions: Truth telling for ESCC patients in Henan is not prevalent and may be improved through consultation with family members, particularly for patients with a negative FHC, poor education, manual occupation, and advanced stages.
基金funded by the Special Fund for Basic Research and Operating Expenses of Institute of Earthquake Science,CEA(2009-11)Key Project of International Science and Technology Cooperation and Exchange of Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic os China(2010DFB20190)
文摘The Zhangjiakou-Bohai Sea seismic belt is an important seismic zone in North China. The direction of principal compressive stress is near EW in this region. According to digital seismic data from the Capital Region from September 2005 to September 2010,and using the SAM method,the spatial distribution of the crust anisotropy characteristics are studied and discussed in the middle-eastern part of the Zhangjiakou-Bohai Sea seismic belt. The principal polarization direction,which is near EW direction,is obvious in the middleeastern Zhangjiakou-Bohai Sea seismic belt. The spatial distribution of polarization direction crossing the Zhangjiakou-Bohai Sea seismic belt shows that there is little difference among the Yanshan uplift area,inside of the seismic zone and North China basin,and the principal polarization direction is near EW.
