钬激光与其他器械切割人体关节内组织比较的基础研究

目的：通过钬激光与其他关节镜下器械的比较研究，企图验证钬激光为损伤小，安全，有效的理想关节镜下工具。材料：半月板、滑膜及软骨组织均取材于新鲜截肢健康人的膝关节。钬激光（ＨＯ：ＹＡＧＬＡＳＥＲ）选用美国Ｔｒｉｍｅｄｙｎｅ公司生产的Ｏｍｎｉｐｕｌｓｅ－ｍａｘ钬激光主机，波长为２．１μｍ。电刀选用美国辉瑞（Ｐｆｉｚｅｒ）公司生产的Ｖａｌｅｙｌａｂ牌产品。关节镜器械（橡胶刀及蓝钳）均采用美国Ｓｔｒｙｋｅｒ公司产品。方法：新鲜的膝关节截除后立即解剖出半月板、关节内软骨及滑膜组织，每种组织随机分成４组，置于林格液中。分别用橡胶刀、蓝钳、钬激光及电刀进行切割，进行肉眼、光镜及电镜观察，并测量出组织的损伤带和坏死带。结果：钬激光同时具备切割，汽化及止血作用。钬激光对离体关节内组织切割后造成的损伤小于电刀，而切割后组织表面的炭化组织明显小于关节镜下常规器械，同时使用非常方便。结论：钬激光是关节镜下较理想的配套工具。

Isolation and Identification of Fungus Causing Collar Rot Disease of Rubber Tree

Collar rot caused the death of Hevea rubber in a village located in Jino County of Xishuangbanna in September, 2012. In order to elucidate the causal agent of collar rot and its taxonomic status, the causal fungus was isolated and identified through a series of tests about its pathogenicity, morphology, culture feature and biological characteristics. The results indicated that the fungus was Fusarium venfrico- sum. It could grow at temperatures ranging from 10 to 40 ℃, and the most suitable temperature was 30 ℃. Its mycelium growth was inhibited above 40 ℃ or below 10 ℃. The accumulated water in wet season was the main reason for this disease occurrence.