This paper analyzes the existence of developmental views and compares the results of previous studies for underdeveloped regions. In view of the limitations of previous studies, this study details regional unit, expan...This paper analyzes the existence of developmental views and compares the results of previous studies for underdeveloped regions. In view of the limitations of previous studies, this study details regional unit, expands index system, applies factor-analysis to structure index system, uses the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model to improve analytic hierarchy process, and identifies the economic developmental levels of 384 regions, including 4 municipalities, 333 cities at prefecture level, and 47 counties under the jurisdiction of province. The levels of the 47 counties are identified by dividing the rank of comprehensive values of more than 337 regions unit into five equal graduations and then matching the 47 counties with the five-graduation results. This study provides the distribution of resources-rich region in China qualitatively and quantitatively in terms of coal, oil gas and other 14 kinds of metal mineral resources. Finally, by matching the two parts of results, this study identifies the distribution of underdeveloped resource-rich regions (URRRs). URRRs are mainly distributed in Shaanxi, Shanxi, Guizhou, Yunnan, Sichuan, He’nan, Shandong, Guangxi and Gansu provinces, which accounts for 78.57% of the total in China. To a certain degree, the result of this paper proves that “resources curse” existing in the national stratification plane in later 20th century still takes places in some cities in China, especially in the counties of these cities’ jurisdiction.展开更多
This paper reveals the law of non-agriculture shift of the vulnerable groups in underdeveloped rural areas in china, and put forward the ＂second shift＂ category, namely the vulnerable groups is bound to work in citi...This paper reveals the law of non-agriculture shift of the vulnerable groups in underdeveloped rural areas in china, and put forward the ＂second shift＂ category, namely the vulnerable groups is bound to work in cities; return to participate in local non-agricultural activities; then begin second non-agriculture shift. The paper discusses the ＂second shift＂ feature; Finally, draw policy Implications of the ＂second shift＂.展开更多
An old tradition of designing with nature had existed for thousands of years in ancient China. In order to achieve ideal living environment, people believed that they should use, repair, and improve the nature in an a...An old tradition of designing with nature had existed for thousands of years in ancient China. In order to achieve ideal living environment, people believed that they should use, repair, and improve the nature in an active but abstemious way, and a complete system of design theories and techniques gradually developed. The intellectual architects, in particular, pioneered the practical and theoretical developments, especially those in Tang dynasty made extraordinary contributions. Among them, Yuan lie （元结） and Liu Zongyuan （柳宗元） were particularly outstanding. They had different experiences but similar achievements in Yongzhou area, which was a remote, less-developed region but with beautiful landscapes. In this paper, the planning and design practices of these two intellectual architects were examined and compared. Their principles and methods of Design With Nature were summarized. Also, the historical influence of their works and its contemporary value were briefly discussed at last.展开更多
Agglomeration of economic activities is a common phenomenon across the world. Theoretical and empirical studies have shown that agglomeration promotes dynamic efficiency, which in turn is conducive to the long-term pr...Agglomeration of economic activities is a common phenomenon across the world. Theoretical and empirical studies have shown that agglomeration promotes dynamic efficiency, which in turn is conducive to the long-term prosperity of a country＇s economy. Compared with most countries, in China is very low, and Chinese cities the spatial concentration of various industries are relatively small and equal-sized. Thus, it is unnecessary to contain the agglomeration of economic activities in China. Widening regional gaps since pro-market reforms and opening-up in China should be ascribed to institutional barriers rather than agglomeration. Therefore, China should refrain from containing agglomeration and instead focus on integrating product and factor markets and improving education and health care in less developed areas.展开更多
The ethnic minority villages are mainly distributed in the areas far away from the central China. Although those villages are abundant with cultural landscape resources, they are economically underdeveloped. Taking th...The ethnic minority villages are mainly distributed in the areas far away from the central China. Although those villages are abundant with cultural landscape resources, they are economically underdeveloped. Taking the ethnic village space as the study subject, the article analyzes its ethnic, regional and marginal characteristics and proposes that villages should become the future livable space as the urbanization of ethnic areas instead of being squeezed and occupied in spatial pattern. In villages, the living space should implement protection first. Three strategies are put forward in the article, comprehensive, partial and genetic protection strategies. And the agricultural space should possess productive, ecological and aesthetic values instead of emphasizing production only.展开更多
文摘This paper analyzes the existence of developmental views and compares the results of previous studies for underdeveloped regions. In view of the limitations of previous studies, this study details regional unit, expands index system, applies factor-analysis to structure index system, uses the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model to improve analytic hierarchy process, and identifies the economic developmental levels of 384 regions, including 4 municipalities, 333 cities at prefecture level, and 47 counties under the jurisdiction of province. The levels of the 47 counties are identified by dividing the rank of comprehensive values of more than 337 regions unit into five equal graduations and then matching the 47 counties with the five-graduation results. This study provides the distribution of resources-rich region in China qualitatively and quantitatively in terms of coal, oil gas and other 14 kinds of metal mineral resources. Finally, by matching the two parts of results, this study identifies the distribution of underdeveloped resource-rich regions (URRRs). URRRs are mainly distributed in Shaanxi, Shanxi, Guizhou, Yunnan, Sichuan, He’nan, Shandong, Guangxi and Gansu provinces, which accounts for 78.57% of the total in China. To a certain degree, the result of this paper proves that “resources curse” existing in the national stratification plane in later 20th century still takes places in some cities in China, especially in the counties of these cities’ jurisdiction.
文摘This paper reveals the law of non-agriculture shift of the vulnerable groups in underdeveloped rural areas in china, and put forward the ＂second shift＂ category, namely the vulnerable groups is bound to work in cities; return to participate in local non-agricultural activities; then begin second non-agriculture shift. The paper discusses the ＂second shift＂ feature; Finally, draw policy Implications of the ＂second shift＂.
文摘An old tradition of designing with nature had existed for thousands of years in ancient China. In order to achieve ideal living environment, people believed that they should use, repair, and improve the nature in an active but abstemious way, and a complete system of design theories and techniques gradually developed. The intellectual architects, in particular, pioneered the practical and theoretical developments, especially those in Tang dynasty made extraordinary contributions. Among them, Yuan lie （元结） and Liu Zongyuan （柳宗元） were particularly outstanding. They had different experiences but similar achievements in Yongzhou area, which was a remote, less-developed region but with beautiful landscapes. In this paper, the planning and design practices of these two intellectual architects were examined and compared. Their principles and methods of Design With Nature were summarized. Also, the historical influence of their works and its contemporary value were briefly discussed at last.
文摘Agglomeration of economic activities is a common phenomenon across the world. Theoretical and empirical studies have shown that agglomeration promotes dynamic efficiency, which in turn is conducive to the long-term prosperity of a country＇s economy. Compared with most countries, in China is very low, and Chinese cities the spatial concentration of various industries are relatively small and equal-sized. Thus, it is unnecessary to contain the agglomeration of economic activities in China. Widening regional gaps since pro-market reforms and opening-up in China should be ascribed to institutional barriers rather than agglomeration. Therefore, China should refrain from containing agglomeration and instead focus on integrating product and factor markets and improving education and health care in less developed areas.
文摘The ethnic minority villages are mainly distributed in the areas far away from the central China. Although those villages are abundant with cultural landscape resources, they are economically underdeveloped. Taking the ethnic village space as the study subject, the article analyzes its ethnic, regional and marginal characteristics and proposes that villages should become the future livable space as the urbanization of ethnic areas instead of being squeezed and occupied in spatial pattern. In villages, the living space should implement protection first. Three strategies are put forward in the article, comprehensive, partial and genetic protection strategies. And the agricultural space should possess productive, ecological and aesthetic values instead of emphasizing production only.
