杜仲原生皮与再生皮次生代谢物含量分析

目的 探讨杜仲原生皮与再生皮的次生代谢物含量的差异性。方法 利用游标卡尺测量 17龄杜仲树的原生皮与再生皮的厚度 ,采用分光光度法测定桃叶珊瑚苷和总黄酮含量 ,采用高效液相色谱法测定绿原酸含量。结果杜仲原生皮和再生皮的内皮厚度分别为 1.6 4 6和 1.6 31mm;原生皮中绿原酸、桃叶珊瑚苷和总黄酮的含量分别为0 .4 0 2 % ,0 .781%和 0 .4 84 % ,再生皮中绿原酸、桃叶珊瑚苷和总黄酮的含量分别为 0 .4 36 % ,0 .84 9%和 0 .5 16 %。结论 原生皮与再生皮的厚度基本相同 ;

海拔及环境因子影响杜鹃属植物的表型特征和化学性状

植物-环境间的长期相互作用驱动着植物表型及次生代谢物的变异。随着海拔梯度的变化,环境中的非生物因子会发生变化,但它们如何影响植物的表型以及次生代谢物的组成和含量,以及植物不同组织器官的次生代谢物是否存在差异,目前有关这方面的研究还较少。本文选取3个不同海拔中的柳条杜鹃(Rhododendron virgatum)和大白杜鹃(R.decorum)(大理苍山居群)及红棕杜鹃(R.rubiginosum)(老君山居群)为研究对象,测定不同海拔的环境因子(温度、相对湿度和相对光照强度),测量和分析了不同海拔植物的表型性状,花蜜体积、糖浓度及花蜜中糖成分(HPLC分析方法),以及植株的茎、叶、花瓣、花粉、花蜜中次生代谢物组成及含量(UPLC-Qtof分析法)。结果表明:随着海拔升高,温度、相对湿度和相对光照强度降低,杜鹃的植株高度、花冠大小和花药体积显著减小,而枝条直径、雌蕊和雄蕊长度显著增大。3种杜鹃在海拔C的花蜜体积和糖浓度均显著高于海拔A和海拔B,海拔C中花蜜的蔗糖成分也显著增多。杜鹃属植物主要含黄酮类、甾体类、苯丙素类、萜类和生物碱类等次生代谢物,随着海拔的变化,这5类次生代谢物质的相对含量没有显著变异,但是它们两两之间存在显著的相关性。杜鹃属植物不同组织中次生代谢物的含量有明显差异,整体来说,花粉和花蜜中次生代谢物的种类和含量要显著低于其他组织。主成分分析结果显示,海拔A和海拔B中杜鹃的表型和化学特征比较相似,海拔C杜鹃的黄酮类物质组成和含量与海拔A和海拔B具有显著差异。本研究表明,随着海拔及其环境因子的变化,杜鹃属植物的表型特征和化学性状都存在一定程度的适应性变异,但表型特征的变异程度远大于次生代谢物的组成和相对含量。相对于植物内在的次生代谢物,环境因子的差异更容易影响植物的表型特征。

Effects of ecological factors on secondary metabolites and inorganic elements of Scutellaria baicalensis and analysis of geoherblism

This study analyzed the effects of ecological factors on secondary metabolites of Scutellaria baicalensis using two sources:92individual roots of S.baicalensis from all over China,and secondary metabolites,medicinal materials and inorganic element contents obtained from the testing of 92 S.baicalensis rhizosphere soil samples.The study used environmental data from the Genuine Medicinal Material Spatial Analysis Database.Most of the chemical constituents of S.baicalensis were negatively correlated to latitude and positively correlated to temperature;generally,the contents of 21 chemical constituents were higher at low latitudes than that at high latitudes.By gradual regression analysis,it was found that the content of baicalin in S.baicalensis was negatively correlated to latitude and generally the content of inorganic elements in soil was excessively high(excluding Mg and Ca),which has a negative effect on the accumulation of chemical constituents in S.baicalensis.Based on the cluster analysis of 21 constituents,S.baicalensis from different places of origin was divided into two groups,and S.baicalensis was not genuine only in a specific small region.Within the zone from Chifeng,Inner Mongolia to Taibai,Shaanxi is suitable for accumulation of secondary metabolites of S.baicalensis and such a zone represents a suitable distribution and potential genuine producing area.