在欧洲学技术,在中国做艺术——90后意大利设计师的创作独白

对于90后的意大利设计师Alessandra来说,中国是她实现时尚设计师梦想的最佳舞台,因为这里既有悠久的文化,又是个创意十足的地方。我叫Alessandra,中文名叫方霭仙,我今年22岁。作为一个意瑞混血儿,我的骨子里蕴藏着两种特质:对艺术极为敏感,对技术格外苛求。刚上大学时,我在瑞士的一个法语节目里看到了关于中国云南的介绍,那一刻,我便被它的美丽所折服,也让我开始着迷于中国文化,同时也使我萌发了学中文的念头。

中国欧洲学会中青年学术研讨会综述

1991年8月13日至15日,中国欧洲学会(原中国西欧学会)在北京召开第一次中青年学术研讨会,会议主题为"90年代的欧洲"。来自北京、上海、南京、兰州、天津等地科研单位、高等院校和新闻单位的代表聚集一堂,就近年来欧洲局势的变化及其影响、欧洲一体化问题和世界形势等问题展开了热烈的讨论。中国欧洲学会会长陈乐民教授到会讲话,提出研究欧洲问题必须要在"侧重欧洲"的同时,"目有全局,立足中国"。他认为90年代欧洲最值得重视的问题是:1.东西欧关系问题。

中国欧洲学会第五届年会综述

中国欧洲学会第五届年会综述张敏１９９７年５月６—９日，中国欧洲学会和江苏省吴江市人民政府共同举办了中国欧洲学会第５届年会。本次会议的中心议题为《欧盟与世界———纪念罗马条约４０周年》。参加本次年会的有来自全国各地高等院校、科研机构和政府研究部门的１３...

中国欧洲学会英国研究会年会纪要

中国欧洲学会英国研究会年会纪要１９９５年１０月１１—１２日，中国欧洲学会英国研究会在北京召开第三届年会，来自北京、上海和兰州等地有关研究机构、高等院校和新闻出版部门的５０多名会员出席了会议。英国纽卡斯尔大学社会政治系教授ＭｉｃｈａｅｌＨｉｌｌ也出席了...

中国欧洲学会召开第四届年会

中国欧洲学会召开第四届年会１９９５年３月２１日－２３日，中国欧洲学会在上海召开第四届年会，来自全国４０多所高等院校、研究机构及新闻出版等有关部门的１００多名会员出席了会议。本届年会以“中国－欧洲：合作与发展”为主题进行了讨论，选举了新一届的欧洲学会理...

中国欧洲学会德国研究专业委员会第七届年会综述

中国欧洲学会德国研究专业委员会第七届年会综述刘立群１９９７年１１月１１—１２日，中国欧洲学会德国研究专业委员会与国务院发展研究中心世界发展研究所在北京共同举办了第七届年会。正在北京访问的联邦议院议员、前副总理兼外长根舍和德国驻华大使赛康德博士、中国人...

区域国别学视域下的欧洲研究

欧洲研究的学科定位涉及该研究领域的研究范围、主题和方法等关键性问题,历来受到欧洲研究界的关注。针对欧洲研究既不隶属国际政治、世界经济、欧洲历史等学科,但又囊括上述学科的方法的特性,中国的欧洲学界自21世纪初以来即尝试从欧洲研究本位出发,进行学科定位和整合,确立了多学科综合研究的发展方向。本文从欧洲概念的由来、民族国家和区域组织的形成,以及运行方式等角度,讨论作为区域国别学典型案例的欧洲研究所要涉猎的重要领域、议题和方法,揭示区域与国别之间错综复杂的关系,并尝试定位各社会科学学科在欧洲研究中的作用。

本期导读

20世纪即将过去,人类已然走向21世纪。在这新旧世纪之交,经济、政治、社会、文化产生的空前碰撞,以及对未来社会发展轨迹的关注,促使我们要对世界文明(尤其是欧洲文明和中华文明)发展的历程,从历史和哲学相统一的角度去寻绎其内在的规律性。为此,本刊特约记者李洪卫专门采访了曾任中国社会科学院欧洲研究所所长、中国欧洲学会会长的陈乐民教授。——《文明世界发展的历史哲学寻绎》。

中生代戏骨和新生代明星薪火相传 英格兰2008年标杆之作《公爵夫人》

欧洲学传媒的大学生都听过这样一句话:"假如有一天英国王室不复存在了,最悲伤的或许不是女王,而是《太阳报》的主编。"作为一份日发行量逾300万份的通俗小报,《太阳报》热衷于通过披露王室成员桃色事件以抬升销量的行为,为《泰晤士报》、《卫报》等严肃媒体所不齿。但读者们的趋之若鹜和那个绝妙的类比一样。

Three Models of English Education in China＇s Universities ——-A Historical Perspective

In the present paper, a comparison is made of the three formats in the history of EECU （English education in China＇s universities）. In the first period （1904-1949）, English education was conducted separately in government-managed educational institutions and in institutions sponsored by church-related organizations; English education was well-knit with both general education and specialty education; and self-motivating learning was encouraged. In the second period （1950-1966）, almost everything was tinted with a shady color of politics： A halt was addressed drastically to EEC （English education in China） in 1952. In the gradual recovery that started four years later, the second format was sawed and hammered, showing the following features： All non-government-mamaged institutions vanished from the stage; English was taught solely as a language or a system of verbal parts, almost deprived of all cultural loading. The third period （1978 onwards） has witnessed a barrier-free and rapid development of over three decades, resulting in the unprecedented pervasion of EECU. Yet in the third tbrmat, learners＇ efforts have turned wholly test-oriented, degenerating into the saddening disintegrity of learning as a process into isolated charges to the target of a test at a time; the ignorant reduction of the learning methods to ＂Vocabulary Booklets Plus Collections of Test Papers＂. Such a comparison not only provides a multi-dimensional perspective of EECU and a better understanding of it, but also offers some important experiences and lessons for the search of an effective solution to the pervasive problem of＂Time-Consumingness and Low-Efficiency＂.

Advanced Research Projects in the Humanities： New Trends on Literature, Languages, and Linguistics Studies

Following the author＇s own experiencing in supervising Ph.D. theses in literature, languages, linguistics, and teacher education, the author will focus on new trends of advanced research projects that have been contributing to reinforce the importance of research in these areas in a time of crisis in the humanities. The organization and funding of science and scholarship in Europe has been promoting anything else but social sciences research, including educational areas. The author will follow the recent call from the Board of Trustees da Academia Europaea to redirect policies toward the organization of multidisciplinary research projects. Among these so-called ＂small subjects＂, we will find original, inspired, and valuable research projects in the humanities, It is worth mentioning that the crisis that has been diminishing this type of scholarship strangely cohabits with several policies promoted by the European Commission and the Council of Europe to develop programs for plurilingual education and linguistic diversity, new framework strategies for multilingualism, and the use of new technologies for language teaching and learning. A strong emphasis on research projects leading to interdisciplinary studies involving literature and pure sciences, plus the development of outreach research projects will be proposed.

Analysis of lower-boundary climate factors contributing to the summer heatwave frequency over eastern Europe using a machine-learning model

A machine-learning(ML)model,the light gradient boosting machine(LightGBM),was constructed to simulate the variation in the summer(June-July-August)heatwave frequency(HWF)over eastern Europe(HWFUR)and to analyze the contributions of various lower-boundary climate factors to the HWFUR variation.The examined lower-boundary climate factors were those that may contribute to the HWFUR variation—namely,the sea surface temperature,soil moisture,snow-cover extent,and sea-ice concentration from the simultaneous summer,preceding spring,and winter.These selected climate factors were significantly correlated to the summer HWFUR variation and were used to construct the ML model.Both the hindcast simulation of HWF EUR for the period 1981-2020 and its real-time simulation for the period 2011-2020,which used the constructed ML model,were investigated.To evaluate the contributions of the climate factors,various model experiments using different combinations of the climate factors were examined and compared.The results indicated that the LightGBM model had comparatively good performance in simulating the HWFUR variation.The sea surface temperature made more contributions to the ML model simulation than the other climate factors.Further examination showed that the best ML simulation was that which used the climate factors in the preceding winter,suggesting that the lower-boundary conditions in the preceding winter may be critical in forecasting the summer HWFUR variation.

Remote sensing retrieval of total absorption coefficient in the Bohai Sea

Temporal and spatial patterns of inherent optical properties in the Bohai Sea are very complex. In this paper, we used 77 groups of field data of AOPs （apparent optical properties） and IOPs （inherent optical properties） collected in June, August, and September of 2005 in the Bohai Sea, to retrieve the spectral total absorption coefficient a（2） with the quasi-analytical algorithm （QAA）. For QAA implementation, different bands in the region 680-730 nm （in 5 nm intervals） were selected and compared, to determine the optimal band domain of the reference wavelength. On this basis, we proposed a new algorithm （QAA-Com）, a combination of QAA-685 and QAA-715, according to turbidity characterized by a（440）. The percentage difference of model retrievals in the visible domain was between 4.5%-45.1%, in average of 18.8% for a（2）. The QAA model was then applied to Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer （MERIS） radiometric products, which were temporally and spatially matched with in-situ optical measurements. Differences between MERIS retrievals and in-situ values were in the range 9.2%-27.8% for a（2） in the visible domain. Major errors in satellite retrieval are attributable to uncertainties of QAA model parameters and in-situ measurements, as well as imperfect atmospheric correction of MERIS data by the European Space Agency （ESA）. During a storm surge in April 2009, time series of MERIS images together with the QAA model were used to analyze spatial and temporal variability of the total absorption coefficient pattern in the Bohai Sea. It is necessary to collect more independent field data to improve this algorithm.

Performance Assessment of European Football Teams： Using Stochastic Data Envelopment Analysis Model

Data Envelopment Analysis （DEA） is a powerful mathematical optimization method widely used for measuring, evaluating and improving the performance of Decision Making Units （DMUs）. These used in the various forms, such as hospitals, government agencies, educational institutions, air force, bank branches, business finns, sport teams and even people including the performance of countries, regions, etc. Recently DEA has been extended to examine the performance through the different sport types. In this paper, a Stochastic Input Oriented Data Envelopment Analysis （SIODEA） Model is conducted for measuring and evaluating the relative efficiency scores of football teams selected from different European countries during 2014/2015 season each with some of inputs are stochastic with normally distributed and recent inputs are deterministic and outputs, to shed light on the professional football teams performance.

Management Practices Towards the Embeddedness of Sustainability in European Universities

This research observed and evaluated the sustainability practices in universities. This study emphasizes the connection between theory and practice in research frame. It is intended by this research using content analysis of UI GreenMetric, universities＇ websites and sustainability annual reports observing universities＇ practices related to sustainability to answer the research question, which is： How are university managements embedding sustainability-oriented practices in sustainability focused European universities as far as CORE system （Curriculum, Operations, Research, and Engagement） is considered？ The employed research methodology mainly relies on content analysis of the studied universities from the UI GreenMetric Sustainable University assessment and ranking index. The UI GreenMetric Sustainable University assessment and ranking index was selected since it considers the Operations, Curriculum, Research, and Engagements （CORE system） of universities with indicators such as Setting and Infrastructure, Energy and Climate Change, Waste, Water, Transportation, and Education. This covers the triple bottom line of sustainability （Environment, Economy, and Society） and other indexes like GASU, AASHE, STARS and others, focused mostly on operational Eco-efficiency. UI GreenMetric index is the first and the only ranking that measures each participating university＇s commitment in developing an ＂environmentally friendly＂ infrastructure. The total sample of the study observed and evaluated in this study are five （5） top European Sustainable Universities according to UI GreenMetric sustainable ranking index. The result shows a significant progress in Operational practices except in the area of Campus Setting and Infrastructure. There was a less significant progress in the Curriculum, Research, and Engagement practices of the CORE system of sustainability-oriented practices which are being integrated into the studied universities. This research provides a state of the art result regarding the embeddedness of sustainable practice in European universities. It has the potential to help any university to better integrate sustainability in their management system.

Humanistic Principles in the Circle of European Literature Themes

There is the question--can we hope that humanism and erudition can redevelop nowadays？ In the long history of humanistic inheritance, from ancient times till the end of the 18th century, there was obvious decadence of essential humanistic points. As the historial period, humanism means revival of classical culture, and as a specific culturological phenomenon, it means erudite education created by Hellens and developed by Romans, who recovered ＂humanitas＂ as global education. Italy was the first who helped humanists to contemplate on classical culture; and in post-medieval age, Italian humanists achieved a supreme measure of humanism through their ＂humanistic studies.＂ We will try to point out good achievements of humanism erudite education in European culture in later epochs. Humanism leads man to turn over to world--after medieval stricture--and it becomes self-conscious revolution, what we can see in Latin literature till the 18th century. Rise of individualism, development of libraries and humanistic academies give chance to latin tradition in European literature as universal discipline, including erudite education in international corpus （Ragusa also）. High-intellectual and latinized elites with humanistic state of mind develop complex spiritual inteligency with science requests in later epochs too. We will try to explain in which degree humanism, with its synthetic point of view, influences on later corpus of European literary themes and how great its actuallity is nowdays.

A Comparison between the Chinese and European Patients in Acupuncture Treatment

Based on my teaching and working experience in Europe, I have made a comparison between the Chinese and European patients in acupuncture treatment, and hope it is of some significance in acupuncture clinical practice.

Determinants of Female Employment Rate in the European Union

The aim of this paper is to provide a clear insight about the determinants of female employment rate in the European Union where we have used panel data analyses of 27 countries members of the European Union from 1995 till 2009. Applying dynamic modeling, i.e, generalized method of moments （GMM） econometrics findings have driven us to system estimated model where the following institutional variables have been tested： maternity leave, child care facilities, college education, fertility rate, GDP growth, female unemployment rate and part-time employment. We expect these variables to have a positive impact on the female employment rate except for the female unemployment rate and maternity leave

American, Asian and European Scientists and Practitioners View on ICT Project Managers Soft Skills

USA as an ICT （Information and Communication Technology） innovative leader, Europe with its knowledge offensive and Asia as the fastest growing economies share the common fate： ICT projects do under perform. Numerous surveys point at human factor as a source of this malheur. The question emerge to what extent project manager is responsible for improvements there, and which particular skills are demanded to turn the ICT projects course towards more predictable, more efficient and better budget able endeavours. Authors examined and compared the scientific and practitioners views. Twenty-nine journal and conference papers and 46 monographs and standards dedicated to project manager skills have been scrutinized. Further 324 jobs advertisements for the ICT project managers in USA, Switzerland, Poland and Thailand underwent an analysis related to the demanded soft skills of the project manager. The L-Timer~ taxonomy of human factor related processes in project management is applied as comparison vehicle. Methodology extracted main （global） terms and detailed aspects, both weighted appropriately. The practitioners on all continents expect primarily communication skills followed by the team management abilities. Human resource is partially treated, while conflict management is underrepresented. The science seems to be focused on leadership followed by the communication skills, neglecting self management skills of project managers. The last are surprisingly well represented in the US advertisement. The USA job advertisements are the most comprehensive and elaborated one--and, what might be explained by high impact of American science on job definition--close to the scientific details of skill description, self management excluded. In Poland, team management appears to be a problem, while Thailand＇s companies seek leaders first. The best balanced approach might be found in Swiss job advertisements. The inter-cultural differences point at impact of cultural heritage, which call for differentiated view of science on demanded project manager human factor related skills. Authors pursue this fascinating research.