In N = 2 super Yang-Mills theory, the Matone＇s relation relates instanton corrections of the prepotential to instanton corrections of scMar field condensation （Trφ2）. This relation has been proved to hold for Omeg...In N = 2 super Yang-Mills theory, the Matone＇s relation relates instanton corrections of the prepotential to instanton corrections of scMar field condensation （Trφ2）. This relation has been proved to hold for Omega deformed theories too, using localization method. In this paper, we first give a case study supporting the relation, which does not rely on the localization technique. Especially, we show that the magnetic expansion also satisfies a relation of Matone＇s type. Then we discuss implication of the relation for proposed Nekrasov-Shatashvili scheme. the spectrum of periodic Toda chain, in the context of recentlyproposed Nekrasov-Shatashvili scheme.展开更多
We study contributions of the pion meson and spatial component of the omega meson in the odd-A carbon isotopes. The pion and spatial omega provide small attractions in odd-A nuclei, giving rise to considerable influen...We study contributions of the pion meson and spatial component of the omega meson in the odd-A carbon isotopes. The pion and spatial omega provide small attractions in odd-A nuclei, giving rise to considerable influences on the single-particle energies rather than the bulk properties such as total binding energies, and root-mean-square (rms) radii. The ±? (spin) splittings, arising from the spatial omega, are large in <SUP>11</SUP>C and <SUP>13</SUP>C and drop as the isospin rises in odd-A carbon isotopes. As an isovector, the pion can shift slightly the relative potential depth of neutron and proton, contrary to the role of the rho meson. There is a general trend that both the pion and spatial omega fields reduce with the rise of isospin in the isotopic chain. From the normal nucleus to halo nucleus, an abnormal drop of the pion or spatial omega field may occur, as can be seen in <SUP>19</SUP>C, <SUP>15</SUP>C, and <SUP>21</SUP>C.展开更多
The research cxamined the effects of microbial and novel insecticidal control strategies and also Irichogramma pretiosum on the I,epidoptera： Crambidae, the European corn borer （ECB）, （Ostrinia nubilalis）. The tr...The research cxamined the effects of microbial and novel insecticidal control strategies and also Irichogramma pretiosum on the I,epidoptera： Crambidae, the European corn borer （ECB）, （Ostrinia nubilalis）. The treatments included ~ino^d, from bacteria the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana, the egg parasitoid Trichogramma pretiosum, and foliar applied Bt spray, and t^vo combinations Bearveria bassiana plus Bt spray and Trichogramma pretiosum and spinosad. The infestations by the European corn borer larvae on stalks of corn were very＂ severe in all the control treatments both 2006 and 2007. The microbial treatments caused various levels of European corn borer mortality. In all the parameters there was a significant difference between the control and other treatments with a P 〈 0.00 l. In this research, treatment with spinosad emerged as the most effective biological agent in the control of the European corn borer. The treatments had no significant effects on the relative abundance and composition of non-target arthropods （P 〉 0.05）. This research is relevant in boosting underutilized control strategies and increasing stakeholder adoption of integrated pest management practices and thereby＇ reducing the use of conventional insecticides especially for orgamc thrmers. This is very important especially in certain countries where the commumities are skeptical about consuming transgenic crops.展开更多
Henry James is one of the greatest novelists, who enjoys great reputation in the English literary world. He spent many years in Europe. Fie had deep and subtle insights into the life of the upper class in America and ...Henry James is one of the greatest novelists, who enjoys great reputation in the English literary world. He spent many years in Europe. Fie had deep and subtle insights into the life of the upper class in America and Europe. He experienced the cultural differences between America and Europe profoundly, which was demonstrated in his literary works. Daisy Miller is one of the representative works of Henry James, reveals his ＂international theme＂, the American innocence in face of European sophistication, In D^dsy Miller, Winterbourne is an undeniable protagonist, embodies both narrative and symbolic meaning. Through his narration and his representative features of the sophistication of European culture, we can gradually realize that it is the inevitable collision between new world and old world that leads to the pathetic ending of Daisy Miller.展开更多
Nanofluids have attracted many scientists due to their remarkable thermophysical properties.Small percentage of nanoparticles when added to conventional fluid significantly enhances the heat transfer features.Sustaina...Nanofluids have attracted many scientists due to their remarkable thermophysical properties.Small percentage of nanoparticles when added to conventional fluid significantly enhances the heat transfer features.Sustainability and efficiency of nanomaterials have key role in the advancement of nanotechnology.This article analyzes the Hall,Ohmic heating and velocity slip effects on the peristalsis of nanofluid.Convective boundary conditions and heat generation/absorption are considered to facilitate the heat transfer characteristics.Governing equations for the peristaltic flow through a curved channel are derived in curvilinear coordinates.The equations are numerically solved under the assumption of long wavelength and small Reynold number.It has been observed that nanofluid enhances the heat transfer rate and reduces the fluid temperature.Hartman number and Hall parameter show reverse behavior in fluid motion and heat transfer characteristics.In the presence of velocity slip,the pressure gradient rapidly decreases and dominant effect is seen in narrow portion of channel.展开更多
The rapid recombination of photo-generated electron-hole pairs,insufficient active sites,and strong photocorrosion have considerably restricted the practical application of Cd S in photocatalytic fields.Herein,we desi...The rapid recombination of photo-generated electron-hole pairs,insufficient active sites,and strong photocorrosion have considerably restricted the practical application of Cd S in photocatalytic fields.Herein,we designed and constructed a 2D/2D/2D layered heterojunction photocatalyst with cascaded 2D coupling interfaces.Experiments using electron spin resonance spectroscopy,ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy,and in-situ irradiation X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were conducted to confirm the 2D layered CdS/WO_(3) step-scheme(S-scheme)heterojunctions and CdS/MX ohmic junctions.Impressively,it was found that the strong interfacial electric fields in the S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts could effectively promote spatially directional charge separation and transport between CdS and WO_(3) nanosheets.In addition,2D Ti_(3)C_(2) MXene nanosheets with a smaller work function and excellent metal conductivity when used as a co-catalyst could build ohmic junctions with Cd S nanosheets,thus providing a greater number of electron transfer pathways and hydrogen evolution sites.Results showed that the highest visible-light hydrogen evolution rate of the optimized MX-Cd S/WO_(3) layered multi-heterostructures could reach as high as 27.5 mmol/g/h,which was 11.0 times higher than that of pure CdS nanosheets.Notably,the apparent quantum efficiency reached 12.0% at 450 nm.It is hoped that this study offers a reliable approach for developing multifunctional photocatalysts by integrating S-scheme and ohmic-junction built-in electric fields and rationally designing a 2D/2D interface for efficient light-to-hydrogen fuel production.展开更多
A new vortex identification criterion called W-method is proposed based on the ideas that vorticity overtakes deformation in vortex.The comparison with other vortex identification methods like Q-criterion and λ_2-met...A new vortex identification criterion called W-method is proposed based on the ideas that vorticity overtakes deformation in vortex.The comparison with other vortex identification methods like Q-criterion and λ_2-method is conducted and the advantages of the new method can be summarized as follows:(1) the method is able to capture vortex well and very easy to perform;(2) the physical meaning of W is clear while the interpretations of iso-surface values of Q and λ_2 chosen to visualize vortices are obscure;(3)being different from Q and λ_2 iso-surface visualization which requires wildly various thresholds to capture the vortex structure properly, W is pretty universal and does not need much adjustment in different cases and the iso-surfaces of W=0.52 can always capture the vortices properly in all the cases at different time steps, which we investigated;(4) both strong and weak vortices can be captured well simultaneously while improper Q and λ_2 threshold may lead to strong vortex capture while weak vortices are lost or weak vortices are captured but strong vortices are smeared;(5) W=0.52 is a quantity to approximately define the vortex boundary. Note that, to calculate W, the length and velocity must be used in the non-dimensional form. From our direct numerical simulation, it is found that the vorticity direction is very different from the vortex rotation direction in general 3-D vortical flow,the Helmholtz velocity decomposition is reviewed and vorticity is proposed to be further decomposed to vortical vorticity and non-vortical vorticity.展开更多
The effect of electrostatic force on the dynamic response of a Bernoulli-Euler piezoelectric nanobeam is analyzed in this paper.The governing equations with the electrostatic stress are derived based on a variational ...The effect of electrostatic force on the dynamic response of a Bernoulli-Euler piezoelectric nanobeam is analyzed in this paper.The governing equations with the electrostatic stress are derived based on a variational principle.Static bending problem of simply supported and cantilever beam is considered.The influence of the electrostatic force on the first four natural frequencies is discussed.It is shown that when the beam thickness is small,the effect of the electrostatic force is significant.When the beam thickness is large,the electrostatic force is insignificant and can be neglected.The results also indicate that one can adjust the natural frequency of a nanobeam by applying appropriate voltage.展开更多
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.11031005
文摘In N = 2 super Yang-Mills theory, the Matone＇s relation relates instanton corrections of the prepotential to instanton corrections of scMar field condensation （Trφ2）. This relation has been proved to hold for Omega deformed theories too, using localization method. In this paper, we first give a case study supporting the relation, which does not rely on the localization technique. Especially, we show that the magnetic expansion also satisfies a relation of Matone＇s type. Then we discuss implication of the relation for proposed Nekrasov-Shatashvili scheme. the spectrum of periodic Toda chain, in the context of recentlyproposed Nekrasov-Shatashvili scheme.
文摘We study contributions of the pion meson and spatial component of the omega meson in the odd-A carbon isotopes. The pion and spatial omega provide small attractions in odd-A nuclei, giving rise to considerable influences on the single-particle energies rather than the bulk properties such as total binding energies, and root-mean-square (rms) radii. The ±? (spin) splittings, arising from the spatial omega, are large in <SUP>11</SUP>C and <SUP>13</SUP>C and drop as the isospin rises in odd-A carbon isotopes. As an isovector, the pion can shift slightly the relative potential depth of neutron and proton, contrary to the role of the rho meson. There is a general trend that both the pion and spatial omega fields reduce with the rise of isospin in the isotopic chain. From the normal nucleus to halo nucleus, an abnormal drop of the pion or spatial omega field may occur, as can be seen in <SUP>19</SUP>C, <SUP>15</SUP>C, and <SUP>21</SUP>C.
文摘The research cxamined the effects of microbial and novel insecticidal control strategies and also Irichogramma pretiosum on the I,epidoptera： Crambidae, the European corn borer （ECB）, （Ostrinia nubilalis）. The treatments included ~ino^d, from bacteria the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana, the egg parasitoid Trichogramma pretiosum, and foliar applied Bt spray, and t^vo combinations Bearveria bassiana plus Bt spray and Trichogramma pretiosum and spinosad. The infestations by the European corn borer larvae on stalks of corn were very＂ severe in all the control treatments both 2006 and 2007. The microbial treatments caused various levels of European corn borer mortality. In all the parameters there was a significant difference between the control and other treatments with a P 〈 0.00 l. In this research, treatment with spinosad emerged as the most effective biological agent in the control of the European corn borer. The treatments had no significant effects on the relative abundance and composition of non-target arthropods （P 〉 0.05）. This research is relevant in boosting underutilized control strategies and increasing stakeholder adoption of integrated pest management practices and thereby＇ reducing the use of conventional insecticides especially for orgamc thrmers. This is very important especially in certain countries where the commumities are skeptical about consuming transgenic crops.
文摘Henry James is one of the greatest novelists, who enjoys great reputation in the English literary world. He spent many years in Europe. Fie had deep and subtle insights into the life of the upper class in America and Europe. He experienced the cultural differences between America and Europe profoundly, which was demonstrated in his literary works. Daisy Miller is one of the representative works of Henry James, reveals his ＂international theme＂, the American innocence in face of European sophistication, In D^dsy Miller, Winterbourne is an undeniable protagonist, embodies both narrative and symbolic meaning. Through his narration and his representative features of the sophistication of European culture, we can gradually realize that it is the inevitable collision between new world and old world that leads to the pathetic ending of Daisy Miller.
文摘Nanofluids have attracted many scientists due to their remarkable thermophysical properties.Small percentage of nanoparticles when added to conventional fluid significantly enhances the heat transfer features.Sustainability and efficiency of nanomaterials have key role in the advancement of nanotechnology.This article analyzes the Hall,Ohmic heating and velocity slip effects on the peristalsis of nanofluid.Convective boundary conditions and heat generation/absorption are considered to facilitate the heat transfer characteristics.Governing equations for the peristaltic flow through a curved channel are derived in curvilinear coordinates.The equations are numerically solved under the assumption of long wavelength and small Reynold number.It has been observed that nanofluid enhances the heat transfer rate and reduces the fluid temperature.Hartman number and Hall parameter show reverse behavior in fluid motion and heat transfer characteristics.In the presence of velocity slip,the pressure gradient rapidly decreases and dominant effect is seen in narrow portion of channel.
文摘The rapid recombination of photo-generated electron-hole pairs,insufficient active sites,and strong photocorrosion have considerably restricted the practical application of Cd S in photocatalytic fields.Herein,we designed and constructed a 2D/2D/2D layered heterojunction photocatalyst with cascaded 2D coupling interfaces.Experiments using electron spin resonance spectroscopy,ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy,and in-situ irradiation X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were conducted to confirm the 2D layered CdS/WO_(3) step-scheme(S-scheme)heterojunctions and CdS/MX ohmic junctions.Impressively,it was found that the strong interfacial electric fields in the S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts could effectively promote spatially directional charge separation and transport between CdS and WO_(3) nanosheets.In addition,2D Ti_(3)C_(2) MXene nanosheets with a smaller work function and excellent metal conductivity when used as a co-catalyst could build ohmic junctions with Cd S nanosheets,thus providing a greater number of electron transfer pathways and hydrogen evolution sites.Results showed that the highest visible-light hydrogen evolution rate of the optimized MX-Cd S/WO_(3) layered multi-heterostructures could reach as high as 27.5 mmol/g/h,which was 11.0 times higher than that of pure CdS nanosheets.Notably,the apparent quantum efficiency reached 12.0% at 450 nm.It is hoped that this study offers a reliable approach for developing multifunctional photocatalysts by integrating S-scheme and ohmic-junction built-in electric fields and rationally designing a 2D/2D interface for efficient light-to-hydrogen fuel production.
基金supported by Air Force Office of Scientific Research (Grant No. FA9550-08-1-0201) supervised by Dr. John Schmisseur and then the Department of Mathematics at University of Texas at Arlington
文摘A new vortex identification criterion called W-method is proposed based on the ideas that vorticity overtakes deformation in vortex.The comparison with other vortex identification methods like Q-criterion and λ_2-method is conducted and the advantages of the new method can be summarized as follows:(1) the method is able to capture vortex well and very easy to perform;(2) the physical meaning of W is clear while the interpretations of iso-surface values of Q and λ_2 chosen to visualize vortices are obscure;(3)being different from Q and λ_2 iso-surface visualization which requires wildly various thresholds to capture the vortex structure properly, W is pretty universal and does not need much adjustment in different cases and the iso-surfaces of W=0.52 can always capture the vortices properly in all the cases at different time steps, which we investigated;(4) both strong and weak vortices can be captured well simultaneously while improper Q and λ_2 threshold may lead to strong vortex capture while weak vortices are lost or weak vortices are captured but strong vortices are smeared;(5) W=0.52 is a quantity to approximately define the vortex boundary. Note that, to calculate W, the length and velocity must be used in the non-dimensional form. From our direct numerical simulation, it is found that the vorticity direction is very different from the vortex rotation direction in general 3-D vortical flow,the Helmholtz velocity decomposition is reviewed and vorticity is proposed to be further decomposed to vortical vorticity and non-vortical vorticity.
基金supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants Nos.11025209,10972173,11072184 and 11021202)
文摘The effect of electrostatic force on the dynamic response of a Bernoulli-Euler piezoelectric nanobeam is analyzed in this paper.The governing equations with the electrostatic stress are derived based on a variational principle.Static bending problem of simply supported and cantilever beam is considered.The influence of the electrostatic force on the first four natural frequencies is discussed.It is shown that when the beam thickness is small,the effect of the electrostatic force is significant.When the beam thickness is large,the electrostatic force is insignificant and can be neglected.The results also indicate that one can adjust the natural frequency of a nanobeam by applying appropriate voltage.
