同时测定重油中铁和锌的正三辛胺萃取-双波长K系数分光光度法

用正三辛胺萃取分离干扰离子，以Ｆｅ２＋（Ｚｎ２＋）－５＿Ｂｒ＿ＰＡＤＡＰ（２－（５－溴－２－吡啶偶氮）－５－二乙基氨基苯酚）－ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ＿１００为显色体系，建立了双波长Ｋ系数法同时测定重油中微量铁、锌的新方法。考查了测定条件及萃取分离条件。线性范围：铁０～４８０μｇ／Ｌ、锌０～４００μｇ／Ｌ，合成样回收率（１００±２）％，重油测定结果的相对标准偏差小于５％。方法简便、准确。

正三辛胺萃取－分光光度法测定重油中的微量铜

以正三辛胺萃取分离干扰离子，采用Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）－５－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＤＡＰ－ＯＰ显色体系测定重油中的微量铜。考查了正三辛胺萃取分离干扰离子的条件和测定条件。表观摩尔吸收系数为１．０２×１０５Ｌ（ｍｏｌｃｍ）－１，合成样品回收率为１０１．１％，重油分析结果的相对标准偏差＜５．０％。

正三辛胺萃取－5－Br－PADAP－OP显色体系光度法测定铜

采用５－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＤＡＰ－ＯＰ显色体系测定铜，考查了测定条件。以正三辛胺萃取分离干扰高子，考查了萃取分离条中。人工合成样品回收率１００．８％，铝合金标样测定误差＜－２．２％，人发分析结果的相对标准偏差＜４．０％。

正三辛胺萃取－分光光度法测定重油中的镍

用正三辛胺萃取分离干扰离子，以Ｎｉ（Ⅱ）－５－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＤＡＰ－ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００显色体系测定重油中的镍。合成样品回收率为９９．７％，加标回收率为９９．８％，油样分析结果相对标准偏差＜０．７％。该方法准确、灵敏、简便。

正三辛胺萃取-分光光度法测定原油中的痕量铅

以正三辛胺萃取分离干扰离子 ,采用 Pb( ) -水杨基荧光酮 -溴化十六烷基三甲铵显色体系测定原油中的痕量铅。考查了正三辛胺萃取分离干扰离子的条件和测定条件。表观摩尔吸光系数为 1 .2 5× 1 0 5L· mol- 1· cm- 1 ,合成样品回收率 1 0 0 .7% ,原油分析结果的相对标准偏差小于 3.3%。

液膜乳状液稳定性的研究

本文实验研究了各种载体以及浓度对液膜溶胀和破裂的影响。结果表明,随着载体浓度的增加,液膜的破碎率和溶胀率都将增大,含有酸性络合萃取剂的液膜最易破碎,离子缔合萃取剂次之,而中性络合萃取剂最低。合理选择载体及用量,有助于提高液膜的稳定性。

Reactive Extraction of Nicotinic Acid with Trialkylamine in n-Octanol

The distributions of nicotinic acid (NA) between water and trialkylamine (N235) dissolved in n-octanol was studied. The complexes of N235 and NA were investigated by Fourier transformation infrared spectrometry to deduce the reaction mechanism. It was found that N235/n-octanol was an efficient extractant for extracting nicotinic acid. The favorable operation conditions were equilibrium aqueous pH 4.2 to 5.5 and initial N235 concentration<0.42 mol·L-1 . The reaction processes included the reaction between neutral N235 and neutral NA and the reaction between protonated N235 and anionic NA. Based on the mass action law and some assumptions, an expression for distribution coefficient D was proposed. The apparent extraction equilibrium constants were calculated by fitting the experimental data and the results were satisfactory.