The ergodic information rate for Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing / Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access with amplify-and-forward （AF） relaying systems in the presence of frequency offsets is eval...The ergodic information rate for Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing / Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access with amplify-and-forward （AF） relaying systems in the presence of frequency offsets is evaluated. Unlike previous work, per-subcarrier adaptive power allocation is performed on each relay to optimize the system ergodic information rate. For a given frequency offset and total number of relays M, the AF ergodic information rate is proven to be a monotonically increasing function of α （the ratio of the power allocated to the source node and the total transmit power）, implying that the maximum ergodic information rate can be obtained at α=1 （i.e., there is no cooperative relay）. Furthermore, the proof of ＂cooperative relays cannot improve the AF ergodic information rate in a quasi-static wireless channel＂ is also provided in this letter.展开更多
This paper analyses two methods of calculating default probability adopted by foreign companies. Then, the paper suggests several methods of calculating loan default probability applicable to commercial banks in China...This paper analyses two methods of calculating default probability adopted by foreign companies. Then, the paper suggests several methods of calculating loan default probability applicable to commercial banks in China, and gives the inadequacy of historic data in China.展开更多
Kuquradi （1994）, in a paper entitled ＂The concept of Justice,＂ makes a determination in terms of the situation of injustice by comparing individual situations. In her opinion, when we consider the injustice in ind...Kuquradi （1994）, in a paper entitled ＂The concept of Justice,＂ makes a determination in terms of the situation of injustice by comparing individual situations. In her opinion, when we consider the injustice in individual situations, we consider two different things and compare them through a third （middle） term. In other words, we consider： （1） some things that a person possesses at a certain moment, （2） the things that another person possesses at a certain moment, and （3） we compare human beings as a species, in respect of the actualisation of the human potentialities at this historical moment. From the Ku^uradi＇s point of view, conceptualization of the idea of justice, that is, giving an answer that can be established by knowledge to the question of ＂what is justice？＂ is the inevitable condition for surpassing this situation （1994）. But, here we may claim that the situation of injustice can be surpassed by the feeling of respect for human being in the Kantian sense without the conceptualizing the idea of justice as a precondition. If certain persons who actualize the human potentialities in a higher degree than others at the same historical moment and act with a will determined by the law of moral, shall inevitably be respected by other persons who have not yet actualized such potentialities in themselves. It seems that the appearance of this feeling is possible only through a moral education in the Kantian sense, through which persons who have actualized human potentialities in a higher degree will possess a will determined by the moral law.展开更多
This study investigates calendar anomalies： day-of-the-week effect and seasonal effect in the Value-at-Risk （VaR） analysis of stock returns for AAPL during the period of 1995 through 2015. The statistical propertie...This study investigates calendar anomalies： day-of-the-week effect and seasonal effect in the Value-at-Risk （VaR） analysis of stock returns for AAPL during the period of 1995 through 2015. The statistical properties are examined and a comprehensive set of diagnostic checks are made on the two decades of AAPL daily stock returns. Combing the Extreme Value Approach together with a statistical analysis, it is learnt that the lowest VaR occurs on Fridays and Mondays typically. Moreover, high Q4 and Q3 VaR are observed during the test period. These results are valuable for anyone who needs evaluation and forecasts of the risk situation in AAPL. Moreover, this methodology, which is applicable to any other stocks or portfolios, is more realistic and comprehensive than the standard normal distribution based VaR model that is commonly used.展开更多
During the seven decades since the war ended, Japan has undergone ＂changes of direction＂ involving group expressions of regret, accompanied by the intellectual ＂soul- searching＂ of quite a few academics. Ultimatel...During the seven decades since the war ended, Japan has undergone ＂changes of direction＂ involving group expressions of regret, accompanied by the intellectual ＂soul- searching＂ of quite a few academics. Ultimately, however, the country has been unable to complete the ＂transformation＂ of its political values. Its consciousness of superiority, dating back to the Meiji era, and its dream of being restored to the status of a ＂normal country＂ have distorted Japan＇s idea of the war and its interpretation of history. As a result, at the critical postwar moment when Japan most needed to develop a truthful view of its history, its national will expressed itself in the rejection of this possibility. Japan has manufactured Sino-Japanese friction and manipulated the United States, on the pretext of a supposed ＂China threat＂ into relaxing the constraints upon Japan, and has attempted to abandon the thought and deeds of the postwar international order. Not only has this repeatedly subverted the standards by which the intemational ＂left＂ and ＂right＂ assess Japan; it has also once again placed the Asia-Pacific region in a precarious position.展开更多
基金the 863 project No.2014AA01A701,the National Natural Science Foundation of China，Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University，the open research fund of National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University，the Research Foundation of China Mobile,and the Foundation of Beijing Engineering and Technology Center for Convergence Networks and Ubiquitous Services
文摘The ergodic information rate for Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing / Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access with amplify-and-forward （AF） relaying systems in the presence of frequency offsets is evaluated. Unlike previous work, per-subcarrier adaptive power allocation is performed on each relay to optimize the system ergodic information rate. For a given frequency offset and total number of relays M, the AF ergodic information rate is proven to be a monotonically increasing function of α （the ratio of the power allocated to the source node and the total transmit power）, implying that the maximum ergodic information rate can be obtained at α=1 （i.e., there is no cooperative relay）. Furthermore, the proof of ＂cooperative relays cannot improve the AF ergodic information rate in a quasi-static wireless channel＂ is also provided in this letter.
文摘This paper analyses two methods of calculating default probability adopted by foreign companies. Then, the paper suggests several methods of calculating loan default probability applicable to commercial banks in China, and gives the inadequacy of historic data in China.
文摘Kuquradi （1994）, in a paper entitled ＂The concept of Justice,＂ makes a determination in terms of the situation of injustice by comparing individual situations. In her opinion, when we consider the injustice in individual situations, we consider two different things and compare them through a third （middle） term. In other words, we consider： （1） some things that a person possesses at a certain moment, （2） the things that another person possesses at a certain moment, and （3） we compare human beings as a species, in respect of the actualisation of the human potentialities at this historical moment. From the Ku^uradi＇s point of view, conceptualization of the idea of justice, that is, giving an answer that can be established by knowledge to the question of ＂what is justice？＂ is the inevitable condition for surpassing this situation （1994）. But, here we may claim that the situation of injustice can be surpassed by the feeling of respect for human being in the Kantian sense without the conceptualizing the idea of justice as a precondition. If certain persons who actualize the human potentialities in a higher degree than others at the same historical moment and act with a will determined by the law of moral, shall inevitably be respected by other persons who have not yet actualized such potentialities in themselves. It seems that the appearance of this feeling is possible only through a moral education in the Kantian sense, through which persons who have actualized human potentialities in a higher degree will possess a will determined by the moral law.
文摘This study investigates calendar anomalies： day-of-the-week effect and seasonal effect in the Value-at-Risk （VaR） analysis of stock returns for AAPL during the period of 1995 through 2015. The statistical properties are examined and a comprehensive set of diagnostic checks are made on the two decades of AAPL daily stock returns. Combing the Extreme Value Approach together with a statistical analysis, it is learnt that the lowest VaR occurs on Fridays and Mondays typically. Moreover, high Q4 and Q3 VaR are observed during the test period. These results are valuable for anyone who needs evaluation and forecasts of the risk situation in AAPL. Moreover, this methodology, which is applicable to any other stocks or portfolios, is more realistic and comprehensive than the standard normal distribution based VaR model that is commonly used.
文摘During the seven decades since the war ended, Japan has undergone ＂changes of direction＂ involving group expressions of regret, accompanied by the intellectual ＂soul- searching＂ of quite a few academics. Ultimately, however, the country has been unable to complete the ＂transformation＂ of its political values. Its consciousness of superiority, dating back to the Meiji era, and its dream of being restored to the status of a ＂normal country＂ have distorted Japan＇s idea of the war and its interpretation of history. As a result, at the critical postwar moment when Japan most needed to develop a truthful view of its history, its national will expressed itself in the rejection of this possibility. Japan has manufactured Sino-Japanese friction and manipulated the United States, on the pretext of a supposed ＂China threat＂ into relaxing the constraints upon Japan, and has attempted to abandon the thought and deeds of the postwar international order. Not only has this repeatedly subverted the standards by which the intemational ＂left＂ and ＂right＂ assess Japan; it has also once again placed the Asia-Pacific region in a precarious position.
