The South China Sea(SCS),the largest marginal sea of the Northwest Pacific Ocean,is characterized by frequent occurrence of energetic mesoscale eddies.The eddy diameters range from 100 to 300 km.The eddy lifespan vari...The South China Sea(SCS),the largest marginal sea of the Northwest Pacific Ocean,is characterized by frequent occurrence of energetic mesoscale eddies.The eddy diameters range from 100 to 300 km.The eddy lifespan varies from several days to several months with the longest time of seven months(Zheng et al.,2017).The eddy disturbance reaches down to the ocean bottom layer.展开更多
Normal-mode summation is the most rapidly used method in calculating synthetic seismograms. However, normal-mode summation is mostly applied to point sources. For earthquakes triggered by faults extending for as long ...Normal-mode summation is the most rapidly used method in calculating synthetic seismograms. However, normal-mode summation is mostly applied to point sources. For earthquakes triggered by faults extending for as long as several 100 km, the seismic waves are usually simulated by point source summation. In this paper, we attempt to follow a different route, i.e., directly calculate the excitation of each mode, and use normal-mode summation to obtain the seismogram. Furthermore, we assume the finite source to be a ‘‘line source'' and numerically calculate the transverse component of synthetic seismograms for vertical strike-slip faults. Finally, we analyze the features in the Love waves excited by finite faults.展开更多
We present an efficient three-dimensional coupled-mode model based on the Fourier synthesis technique. In principle, this model is a one-way model, and hence provides satisfactory accuracy for problems where the forwa...We present an efficient three-dimensional coupled-mode model based on the Fourier synthesis technique. In principle, this model is a one-way model, and hence provides satisfactory accuracy for problems where the forward scattering dominates. At the same time, this model provides an efficiency gain of an order of magnitude or more over two-way coupled-mode models. This model can be applied to three-dimensional range-dependent problems with a slowly varying bathymetry or internal waves. A numerical example of the latter is demonstrated in this work. Comparisons of both accuracy and efficiency between the present model and a benchmark model are also provided.展开更多
The dispersion relations of normal modes in the layered constructions are studied.In the frequency region with negative permittivity,we investigate the normal modes near the air-metal and the air-matematerial interfac...The dispersion relations of normal modes in the layered constructions are studied.In the frequency region with negative permittivity,we investigate the normal modes near the air-metal and the air-matematerial interfaces and compare them.An extra bulk mode appearing in a pass band of two media is found near the air-matematerial interface,which is different from the air-metal case.Moreover,the bulk mode will be further proved by the attenuated total reflection (ATR) technique,in which the coupling between the incident electromagnetic waves and the normal modes is studied.For p-polarized incident waves,the ATR spectra based on the Otto and the Kretschmann configurations are obtained numerically,where the dips present the excitations of the surface and bulk modes.Furthermore,we also discuss the influences of the middle layer thickness,the incident angle and the damping term on the reflection in detail.It is found that the coupling frequencies and the maximum strength are strongly dependent on the above media parameters.展开更多
"New Normal"is the basic transition modality existing in the Chinese society to the historical development stage and the new normal mode has special pattern of manifestation in political,economic,cultural,so..."New Normal"is the basic transition modality existing in the Chinese society to the historical development stage and the new normal mode has special pattern of manifestation in political,economic,cultural,social,legal and military fields.Recognizing,adapting to and leading new normal should become the basic content in the work of the party and the country in the coming period.展开更多
The April 20,2013 Lushan earthquake which occurred in Sichuan,China had only moderate thrust.However,the computed seismic moments(M0)for the Lushan earthquake calculated by several institutions differ significantly fr...The April 20,2013 Lushan earthquake which occurred in Sichuan,China had only moderate thrust.However,the computed seismic moments(M0)for the Lushan earthquake calculated by several institutions differ significantly from 0.4 9 1019to 1.69 9 1019Nm,up to four times difference.We evaluate ten computed M0s by using normal mode observations from superconducting gravimeters in China's Mainland.We compute synthetic normal modes on the basis of moment tensor solutions and fit them to the observed normal modes.Comparison of our results indicates that M0is the main cause for some large differences between observations and synthetics.We suggest that a moment magnitude of Mw6.6,corresponding to a M0of 0.97–1.08 9 1019Nm,characterizes the size and strength of the seismic source of the Lushan earthquake.展开更多
This paper presents an investigation of a DC glow discharge at low pressure in the normal mode and with Einstein's relation of electron diffusivity.Two-dimensional distributions in Cartesian geometry are presented...This paper presents an investigation of a DC glow discharge at low pressure in the normal mode and with Einstein's relation of electron diffusivity.Two-dimensional distributions in Cartesian geometry are presented in the stationary state,including electric potential,electron and ion densities,longitudinal and transverse electrics fields as well as electron temperature.Our results are compared with those obtained in existing literature.The model used in this work is based on the first three moments of Boltzmann's equation.They serve as the continuity equation,the momentum transfer and the energy equations.The set of equations for charged particles presented in monatomic argon gas are coupled in a self-consistent way with Poisson's equation.A parametric study varying the cathode voltage,gas pressure,and secondary electron emission coefficient predicts many of the well-known features of DC discharges.展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41476009 and U1405233the IPOVAR Project under contract Nos GASI-IPOVAI-01-02 and GASI-02-SCS-YGST2-02the Foundation of Guangdong Province for Outstanding Young Teachers in University under contract No.YQ2015088
文摘The South China Sea(SCS),the largest marginal sea of the Northwest Pacific Ocean,is characterized by frequent occurrence of energetic mesoscale eddies.The eddy diameters range from 100 to 300 km.The eddy lifespan varies from several days to several months with the longest time of seven months(Zheng et al.,2017).The eddy disturbance reaches down to the ocean bottom layer.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41674050)MOST grant (2012CB417301)
文摘Normal-mode summation is the most rapidly used method in calculating synthetic seismograms. However, normal-mode summation is mostly applied to point sources. For earthquakes triggered by faults extending for as long as several 100 km, the seismic waves are usually simulated by point source summation. In this paper, we attempt to follow a different route, i.e., directly calculate the excitation of each mode, and use normal-mode summation to obtain the seismogram. Furthermore, we assume the finite source to be a ‘‘line source'' and numerically calculate the transverse component of synthetic seismograms for vertical strike-slip faults. Finally, we analyze the features in the Love waves excited by finite faults.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 11774374the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China under Grant No ZR2016AL10
文摘We present an efficient three-dimensional coupled-mode model based on the Fourier synthesis technique. In principle, this model is a one-way model, and hence provides satisfactory accuracy for problems where the forward scattering dominates. At the same time, this model provides an efficiency gain of an order of magnitude or more over two-way coupled-mode models. This model can be applied to three-dimensional range-dependent problems with a slowly varying bathymetry or internal waves. A numerical example of the latter is demonstrated in this work. Comparisons of both accuracy and efficiency between the present model and a benchmark model are also provided.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.10775055)
文摘The dispersion relations of normal modes in the layered constructions are studied.In the frequency region with negative permittivity,we investigate the normal modes near the air-metal and the air-matematerial interfaces and compare them.An extra bulk mode appearing in a pass band of two media is found near the air-matematerial interface,which is different from the air-metal case.Moreover,the bulk mode will be further proved by the attenuated total reflection (ATR) technique,in which the coupling between the incident electromagnetic waves and the normal modes is studied.For p-polarized incident waves,the ATR spectra based on the Otto and the Kretschmann configurations are obtained numerically,where the dips present the excitations of the surface and bulk modes.Furthermore,we also discuss the influences of the middle layer thickness,the incident angle and the damping term on the reflection in detail.It is found that the coupling frequencies and the maximum strength are strongly dependent on the above media parameters.
文摘"New Normal"is the basic transition modality existing in the Chinese society to the historical development stage and the new normal mode has special pattern of manifestation in political,economic,cultural,social,legal and military fields.Recognizing,adapting to and leading new normal should become the basic content in the work of the party and the country in the coming period.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41174022 and 41021003)
文摘The April 20,2013 Lushan earthquake which occurred in Sichuan,China had only moderate thrust.However,the computed seismic moments(M0)for the Lushan earthquake calculated by several institutions differ significantly from 0.4 9 1019to 1.69 9 1019Nm,up to four times difference.We evaluate ten computed M0s by using normal mode observations from superconducting gravimeters in China's Mainland.We compute synthetic normal modes on the basis of moment tensor solutions and fit them to the observed normal modes.Comparison of our results indicates that M0is the main cause for some large differences between observations and synthetics.We suggest that a moment magnitude of Mw6.6,corresponding to a M0of 0.97–1.08 9 1019Nm,characterizes the size and strength of the seismic source of the Lushan earthquake.
文摘This paper presents an investigation of a DC glow discharge at low pressure in the normal mode and with Einstein's relation of electron diffusivity.Two-dimensional distributions in Cartesian geometry are presented in the stationary state,including electric potential,electron and ion densities,longitudinal and transverse electrics fields as well as electron temperature.Our results are compared with those obtained in existing literature.The model used in this work is based on the first three moments of Boltzmann's equation.They serve as the continuity equation,the momentum transfer and the energy equations.The set of equations for charged particles presented in monatomic argon gas are coupled in a self-consistent way with Poisson's equation.A parametric study varying the cathode voltage,gas pressure,and secondary electron emission coefficient predicts many of the well-known features of DC discharges.
