采用电镀铜充填盲导通孔工艺

概述了采用电镀铜充填盲导通孔的积层板制造工艺,可以在短时间内完全填充盲导通孔内部,不含残留空隙, 可以获得高导电性和高可靠性的填充盲导通孔。

Influence of carbon coating prepared by microwave pyrolysis on properties of LiNi_(1/3) Mn_(1/3) Co_(1/3) O_2

A novel synthesis method of carbon-coated LiNil/3Mnl/3COl/302 cathode material for lithium-ion battery was reported. The carbon coating was produced from a precursor, glucose, by microwave-pyrolysis method. The prepared powders were characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, X-ray fluorescence （XRF） and charge/discharge tests. XRD results indicate that the carbon coating does not change the phase structure of LiNil/3Mnl/3C01/302 material. SEM results show that the surface of spherical carbon-coated material becomes rough. Electrochemical performance results show that the carbon coating can improve the cycling performance of LiNii/3Mnl/3C01/302. The specific discharge capacity retention of the carbon-coated LiNi1/3Mnt/3Col/30z reached 85.0%-96.0% at the 50th cycle at 0.2C rate, and the specific discharge capacity retention is improved at a high rate.

Instantaneous Bethe-Salpeter Equation and Its Exact Solution

We present an approach to solve Bethe-Salpeter (BS) equations exactly withoutany approximation if the kernel of the BS equations exactly is instantaneous, and take positroniumas an example to illustrate the general features of the exact solutions. The key step for theapproach is from the BS equations to derive a set of coupled and well-determined integrationequations in linear eigenvalue for the components of the BS wave functions equivalently, which maybe solvable numerically under a controlled accuracy, even though there is no analytic solution. Forpositronium, the exact solutions precisely present corrections to those of the correspondingSchrodinger equation in order υ~1 (υ is the relative velocity) for eigenfunctions, in order υ~2for eigenvalues, and the mixing between S and D components in J~(PC) = 1~(--) states etc.,quantitatively. Moreover, we also point out that there is a questionable step in some existentderivations for the instantaneous BS equations if one is pursuing the exact solutions. Finally, weemphasize that one should take the O(υ) corrections emerging in the exact solutions into accountaccordingly if one is interested in the relativistic corrections for relevant problems to the boundstates.

General solutions for special orthotropic piezoelectric media

This paper presents the forms of the general solution for general anisotropic piezoelectric media starting from the basic equations of piezoelasticity by using the operator method introduced by Lur’e (1964), and gives the analytical form of the general solution for special orthotropic piezoelectric media. This paper uses the non-uniqueness of the general solution to obtain the generalized LHN solution and the generalized E-L solution for special orthotropic piezoelectric media. When the special orthotropic piezoelectric media degenerate to transversely piezoelectric media, the solution given by this paper degenerates to the solution for transversely isotropic piezoelectric media accordingly, so that this paper generalized the results in transversely isotropic piezoelectric media.

Electronic-Positron （Pairino＇s） Structure of Nuclear Substance （Matter）

Decrease or enlargement of the number of pairinos in nuclei and as free nucleons, pairinos, electrinos, positpinos is a factor of destabilization in the matter and or environment. For the benefit of a electronic-positron structure the representations about an annihilation of the electronic-positron pairs, formation in substance electronic-positron of pairs under activity action of a gamma radiation, electronic and positron character of a beta radiation in nuclei are worked. Terminology： positrino, electrino, pairino. The new mechanism of a physical phenomenon, well explored to the present moment, with the conventional interpretation - mechanism of an annihilation of a free positron on electrons of substance is offered. That is the conventional point of view is those, that during annihilation the electron bums down, disappears or is transmuted into a gamma-quantum. In opinion of the author any facts or the proofs of such interpretation do not exist. The following mechanism therefore is offered： an electron and positron at coming together are discharged by two gamma-quantum and form pairino （unloaded electron - positron state with gravitational mass ＂m＂ about 2 eV, with compensation by electric charge, about an electrino by positrino interaction）; that is the mechanism ＂cold＂ （low, is less than 10 KeV, energies） synthesis of pairino. The given mechanism of phenomenon of annihilation is more realistic.

Optimizing pyrolysis of resin carbon for anode of lithium ion batteries

Pyrolytic resin carbon anode for lithoum ion batteries was prepared from thermosetting phenolic resin. Pyrolysis of the primary phenolic resin and the dewatered one was studied by thermal gravimetric analysis. Structures and characteristics of the carbon materials were determined by X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmer-Teller surface area analysis and electrochemical measurements. With the increase of pyrolyzing temperature and soaking time, the resin carbon material has larger crystallite sizes of L_c and L_a, lower specific surface area, smaller irreversible capacity and higher initial coulombic efficiency. The pyrolyzing temperature and soaking time are optimized to be 1050℃ and 2h. The resin carbon anode obtained under the optimum conditions shows good electrochemical performances with reversible capacity of 387mA·h/g and initial coulombic efficiency of 69.1%.

Electrosynthesis of α-phenyllevulinic acid from benzalacetone and carbon dioxide

Electrocarboxylation ofbenzalacetone was studied in the presence of an atmospheric pressure of CO2 The only carboxylic product obtained was α-phenyl levulinic acid in a one-compartment electrochemical cell equipped with a Mg sacrificial anode at the controlled potential conditions. Influences of the solvents, the electrolytes, the cathode materials, the electrolysis potentials, the concentrations of substrate and the temperatures were studied to improve the yield. The maximal yield is 69% in MeCN-0.1 mol/L TEABF4 on Stainless steel-Mg under a controlled potential of-1.6 V vs.Ag/AgI until 2 F/mol of charge had passed through the cell at 0 ℃.

Shocks and Solitons in Ultradense Degenerate Electron-Positron-Ion Plasmas

The formation and propagation of shocks and solitons are investigated in an unmagnetized, ultradense plasma containing degenerate Fermi gas of electrons and positrons, and classical ion gas by employing Thomas-Fermi model. For this purpose, a deformed Korteweg-de Vries-Berger （dKdVB） equation is derived using the reductive perturbative technique for cold, adiabatic, and isothermal ions. Localized analytical solutions of dKdVB equation in planar geometry are obtained for dispersion as well as dissipation dominant cases. For nonplanar （cylindrical and spherical） geometry, time varying numerical shock wave solution of dKdVB equation is found. Its dispersion dominant case leading to the soliton solution is also discussed. The effect of ion temperature, positron concentration and dissipation is found significant on these nonlinear structures. The relevance of the results to the systems of scientific interest is pointed out.

Artificial cathode solid electrolyte interphase to endow highly stable lithium storage of FeF_(2) nanocrystals

Iron difluoride(FeF_(2))is considered a highcapacity cathode material for lithium-ion batteries.However,its specific capacity and stability are limited by the poor electrochemical kinetics of conversion reactions.Herein,the conversion reaction is confined in a localized nanosized space by encapsulating FeF_(2) nanoparticles in polymer gelatin.The FeF_(2) nanocrystal-coated polyvinylidene fluoride-based layer(defined as Fe F_(2) @100%G-40%P)was synthesized by glucoseassisted in-situ gelatinization to construct an artificial cathode solid electrolyte interphase via a solvothermal process.Thanks to the improved kinetics of the localized conversion reaction,the obtained FeF_(2) @100%G-40%P electrodes show good cyclic stability(313mAhg^(-1) after 150 cycles at 100 mAg^(-1) ,corresponding to a retention of 80%)and a high rate performance(186.6 mAhg^(-1) at 500 mAg^(-1)).

Analytical Study of Pair Production Rate from Vacuum in an Elliptic Polarized Field by a Two-Level Transition Technique

Electron-positron pair production rate created from vacuum in the presence of an elliptically polarized laser field is investigated.By applying the technique of two level transition amplitude,a routine for obtaining pair production rate is presented,and approximate analytical expressions are given both for the low frequency strong field regime and the high frequency weak field regime.We found that for an elliptically polarized field,the electron-positron pair production rate decrease when the elliptic eccentricity increase in the high frequency weak field regime,however,in the low frequency strong field regime,there is almost the same electron-positron pair production rate as in the constant electric field case.