一 20世纪60年代末70年代初一股被称为“后文官制度”的批判、解构现代文官制度的思潮在美国兴起。于70年代中后期搭起基本的模式构架后,这股思潮于80年代初开始走向兴盛,至今仍以狂涨的势头持续地演进。早期代表人物有德怀特·沃...一 20世纪60年代末70年代初一股被称为“后文官制度”的批判、解构现代文官制度的思潮在美国兴起。于70年代中后期搭起基本的模式构架后,这股思潮于80年代初开始走向兴盛,至今仍以狂涨的势头持续地演进。早期代表人物有德怀特·沃尔多(Dwight Waldo),西尼·威尔巴(Sidney Verba),格里高利·B·刘易士(Gregory B Lewis),迈克尔·欧路林(Michael G.O’Loughlin),罗伯特·G·夫奥恩(Robert G Vaughn),等等,自80年代以来,越来越多的学者加入这一行列。这股思潮以后现代主义理论为基础,采用解构主义的分析方法和叙述方法,对现代文官制度进行猛烈的批判与攻击。例如,“解除功绩制”(demerit)、“解除科层行政”(debureaucratize)、“解除管制”(deregulation)、“解除政治”(depoliticize)、“解除专业化”(deprofessionalize)等表达方式,充斥国外的政治学、行政学与人事管理刊物。展开更多
We analyze the drawbacks of generally distributed time transition stochastic Petri nets(GDTT_SPN) in evaluating the performance of parallel systems,and propose a more general model,stochastic individual predicate/tran...We analyze the drawbacks of generally distributed time transition stochastic Petri nets(GDTT_SPN) in evaluating the performance of parallel systems,and propose a more general model,stochastic individual predicate/transition nets(SIPTN). SIPTN has higher modeling power and could provide more realistic models compared to GDTT_SPN,because in SIPTN the sojourn time distribution is determined not only by the transition,but also by the individuals. It is further proved that GDTT_SPN is a subset of SIPTN. As SIPTN introduces folding techniques from predicate/transition nets,SIPTN models have simpler and more intuitive graphic notations and accordingly higher usability,and thus are suitable for constructing simulation models for parallel systems.展开更多
文摘一 20世纪60年代末70年代初一股被称为“后文官制度”的批判、解构现代文官制度的思潮在美国兴起。于70年代中后期搭起基本的模式构架后,这股思潮于80年代初开始走向兴盛,至今仍以狂涨的势头持续地演进。早期代表人物有德怀特·沃尔多(Dwight Waldo),西尼·威尔巴(Sidney Verba),格里高利·B·刘易士(Gregory B Lewis),迈克尔·欧路林(Michael G.O’Loughlin),罗伯特·G·夫奥恩(Robert G Vaughn),等等,自80年代以来,越来越多的学者加入这一行列。这股思潮以后现代主义理论为基础,采用解构主义的分析方法和叙述方法,对现代文官制度进行猛烈的批判与攻击。例如,“解除功绩制”(demerit)、“解除科层行政”(debureaucratize)、“解除管制”(deregulation)、“解除政治”(depoliticize)、“解除专业化”(deprofessionalize)等表达方式,充斥国外的政治学、行政学与人事管理刊物。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60576027)the Hi-Tech Research and Development Program (863) of China (No. 2006AA01Z415)
文摘We analyze the drawbacks of generally distributed time transition stochastic Petri nets(GDTT_SPN) in evaluating the performance of parallel systems,and propose a more general model,stochastic individual predicate/transition nets(SIPTN). SIPTN has higher modeling power and could provide more realistic models compared to GDTT_SPN,because in SIPTN the sojourn time distribution is determined not only by the transition,but also by the individuals. It is further proved that GDTT_SPN is a subset of SIPTN. As SIPTN introduces folding techniques from predicate/transition nets,SIPTN models have simpler and more intuitive graphic notations and accordingly higher usability,and thus are suitable for constructing simulation models for parallel systems.
