Shoot tissue culture of Robinia pseudoacacia f. decaisneana

Robinia pseudoacacia f. decaisneana is a transfiguration of Robinia pseudoacacia. For enhancing propagation coefficient of the species, the experiment of shoot tissue culture of Robinia pseudoacacia f. decaisneana was conducted in Forestry College of Shenyang Agricultural University from July 1999 to July 2001. The experiment included medium selection of explant induction survival, initial culture, subculture as well as rooting culture, and forming seedling with callus. The results showed that shoot segment in vitro survive rate is larger in spring than in autumn, and green dense callus could form plantlet. The best medium for initial culture was SH+0.5mg/L BA+0.05 mg/L NAA, with a propagation coefficient of 4.1 (per micro-cutting in a month), and for subculture it was B5+0.5 mg/L BA+0.05 mg/L NAA+ 10 mg/L Glu., with a propagation coefficient of 4.7. The best rooting medium was 1/2MS+0.5 mg/L NAA+10 mg/L Glu., with a rooting rate of 84.4%. These results provide reference data for reproduction of superior individuals of Robinia pseudoacacia f. decaisneana.

会议与展览

马可波罗花世界品牌精彩亮相——开启一段花之传奇2015年8月18日,＂马可波罗花世界＂品牌发布会在上海外滩22号艺术中心正式亮相,发布会以＂开启一段花之传奇＂为主题,首次公开马可波罗花世界品牌LOGO及中英文主题音乐,近百位嘉宾出席了发布会。

Construction of Highly-efficient Direct Regeneration System of Different Chrysanthemum Species

Leaves and stems of 9 chrysanthemum species were taken as explants and inoculated to 6 differential media and root media to research effects of hor- mone combination and explants on chrysanthemum species. The results indicated that stem of 9 chrysanthemum species and leaf of 6 chrysanthemum species all showed higher regeneration capacity, with regeneration rate in 84%-100% and re- generation coefficient at 2.3-9.4. However, none adventitious buds were found differ- entiated from leaves of ＂28＂ and ＂5-17＂, and leaf regeneration capacity of ＂11＂ was lower, either. Most chrysanthemum species proved higher in stem regeneration ca- pacity, instead of leaf. Therefore, chrysanthemum species can be applied for rapid reproduction and genetic engineering.

Morphological Characteristics of Floral Organ at Different Microspore Developmental Stage in Balsam Pear （Momordica Charantia L.）

The relationship between microspore developmental stages and morphological characteristics of floral organ in balsam pear was studied. The results showed that flower buds developed a series of morphological changes at different microspore developmental stages, and morphological characteristics of floral organ were significantly different when sampling from different part or cultivar of balsam pear. Anther at late-uninucleate stage was best for culture, in which stage flower buds swelled obviously, and white floss on the surface reduced. In addition, calyxes were obvious but did not spread, and the most of anthers were light green.

Construction of Plant Antisense Expression Vector with Defective in Anther Dehiscence1 Gene Fragment of Chinese Kale

A pair of primers was designed according to the reported conserved sequence of the defective in anther dehiscencel （DAD1） gene ofArabidopsis thaliana and Brassica rapa. A 558 bp long fragment was amplified from genomic DNA of Chinese kale, showing more than 88% identity with the known DAD1 nucleotide sequence and no intron. The reverse of the amplified fragment was ligated to the downstream of the CaMV35S promoter in the plant expression vector pBIl21. Antisense expression vector pBII21-DAD1F was constructed with DAD1 fragment of Chinese kale, and was transferred into Agrobacterium tumefaciens, which will be used in the transformation to create male sterile materials of Chinese kale.

Zooplankton community structure in relation to environmental factors and ecological assessment of water quality in the Harbin Section of the Songhua River

To study the relationship between zooplankton community structure and environmental factors and water quality in the Harbin Section of the Songhua River,investigations were carried out in June,August,and October 2011.Canonical correspondence analysis(CCA) and saprobic indices were used to process and analyze the data.Seasonal variability was identified as a significant source of variation,which explains the fluctuation in zooplankton density.In autumn,the dry season,water residence time increased and zooplankton biomass and abundance accumulated in the slow flowing waters.Zooplankton abundance increased when food conditions improved.Therefore,the total zooplankton abundance in autumn is much higher than that in spring and summer.According to the saprobic indices,all the sample sites had mesosaprobic water and water quality was worse in autumn.CCA revealed that temperature accounted for most of the spatial variation in the zooplankton community.Moreover,pH,dissolved oxygen saturation,and turbidity were important factors affecting zooplankton community distribution.

The Effect of Drought Occurring at Different Growth Stages on Productivity of Grain Amaranth Amaranthus cruentus G6

A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of drought induced at different phenological stages on growth, biomass production and yield performance of grain amaranth Amaranthus cruentus G6. After emergence seedlings were exposed to different soil water regimes： constant adequate moisture （W1） and drought （W2） throughout the growing period, drought initiated at crop inflorescence formation （W3）, drought condition during pre-inflorescence formation （W4） and treatment W5 where drought condition occurred in the period from the beginning of inflorescence formation to the beginning of flowering. Crop samples were taken at the maturity. The growth and yield performance of amaranth were assessed by measuring root length, stem height and inflorescence length, and by evaluating fresh and dry weight of plant parts, grain yield and harvest index. Drought stress initiated at different phenological stages affected the evaluated morphological parameters, assimilate allocation and grain yield. Drought throughout the growing period resulted in grain and biomass yield reduction for 51% and 50%, respectively. Water deficit during inflorescence formation appears to be critical growing stage influencing grain yield, while soil drying in the vegetative growth stages improve the assimilate allocation to the above-ground biomass and particularly to the grain.

爱的短笺

R流夜,是一条溪流。坐在岸边的我,看到那些渐暗的天色,次第亮起的霓虹,都是流动的。就连天上隐约可见的星也是流动的,随着夜风一起流动。一切,都在流着。像一条无比宽阔的大河,奔腾着,流动。夜,向后;我,向前。彼时的我,心里是恍惚的。不清楚自己究竟要在这样的流动里,去往何方。你说,在无法触摸的心底,有一条河,始终流着。那些喧响,为我而潺潺。

十二龄童落难岳阳廖家坡

2001年5月16日．湖南岳阳市华容县操军乡护安村段可蔚12岁的大女儿段花(化名)因小事与父母吵架后负气出走。家人四处寻找达3个月之久，就是没有发现小段花的踪影，家人焦急万分。2001年8月24日下午．段花给家里人断续打来了两个哭诉电话(来电显示是岳阳市区电话)说：“我在这里很不好……然后．电话里就有一女人抢过来说：“你女儿在我的餐馆里洗碗．表现很乖，你们要放心．孩子过得很好。”

植物为媒解冤仇

人和自然要融洽和谐,人是起主导和主要作用的。而由人培育栽种的花草植物的作用往往功不可没,特别是在进行人与人的交往中,花木植物常常身披着使者的锦衣,演绎着和合的意义,会起到媒介的作用,扮演着联姻的角色。在人类历史上,即有对美的掠夺,更多的是对美的认同。一段花的趣事又向我们昭示了人们对美的共同追求和爱戴。清雅妩媚共一身的月季原是野玫瑰改种的。

守候阳光

为了看护病中的外公,整个寒假我几乎都在医院度过。我看到周围的床位上,几个重病的病人在亲人的痛哭声中死去,最后我也亲眼看着病重的外公痛苦地死去。是的,在医院我失去了挚爱的外公,然而在这段亲历了生离死别的时间里,我从不同人身上也感受到了一个个令人感动的瞬间。请允许我以第一人称的身份,为他们,为逝去的女孩儿,为新生儿,也为我自己,记录下下面的故事。

一株令箭

1 那年,他13岁,上初中一年级。原本活泼成绩好的孩子,因父母离异,忽然变成另外一个人,逃课,吸烟,打架,不写作业,捉弄老师,凡是一切能让人生厌的事情,几乎都没落下。

Floral biology of Salvia stachydifolia,a species visited by bees and birds:connecting sexual phases,nectar dynamics and breeding system to visitors’behaviour

Aims Adaptive convergence in floral phenotype among plants sharing a pollinator guild has been acknowledged in the concept of pollination syndrome.However,many plants display traits associated with a given syndrome,but are visited by multiple pollinators.This situation may indicate the beginning of a pollinator shift or may result in a stable situation with adaptations to different pollinators.In Salvia stachydifolia,a previous study suggested that flower shape is optimized to maximize the contribution to pollination of bees and hummingbirds.Here,we studied three additional aspects of its floral biology:sexual phases,nectar dynamics and breeding system,and examined their connection with pollinators’behaviour to explore the presence of adaptations to bee and/or hummingbird pollination.Methods Using a greenhouse population,we applied five pollination treatments to characterize breeding system.To determine sexual phases,we recorded flower opening,anther dehiscence,corolla fall and stigma receptivity.Additionally,we characterized nectar volume and concentration dynamics along the day.Finally,to determine pollinator assemblage and visitation patterns,we performed field observations and recorded pollinators’behaviour.Important Findings Salvia stachydifolia was partially protandrous and self-compatible,but open-pollinated plants attained the highest reproductive success,suggesting that reproduction is mainly dependent on pollinator activity.Bombus opifex bumblebees were the most frequent visitors,but Sappho sparganura hummingbirds dominated visits early in the morning and at dusk.Nectar was typical of bumblebee pollination.We suggest that the bee–hummingbird mixed visitation constitutes an unstable evolutionary situation,making S.stachydifolia an ideal system to understand the ecological circumstances in which pollination shifts occur.

Fate of Basal N Under Split Fertilization in Rice with ^(15)N Isotope Tracer

Split fertilization strategy is popularly adopted in rice to synchronize soil nitrogen(N) supply and crop N demand. Attention has been paid more on mid-season topdressing N, but limited on basal N. A clearer understanding of the basal N fate under split fertilization is crucial for determining rational basal N split ratio to improve the yield and reduce the loss to environment. A two-year field experiment with two N rates of 150 and 300 kg Nha^(-1), two split ratios of basal N, 40% and 25%, and two rice varieties,Wuyunjing 23(japonica) and Y-liangyou 2(super hybrid indica), was conducted. Labelled ^(15) N urea was supplied in micro-plots as basal fertilizer to determine the plant uptake, translocation, soil residual, and loss of basal N fertilizer. The results showed that basal N absorbed by rice was only 1.6%–11.5% before tillering fertilization(8–10 d after transplanting), 6.5%–21.4% from tillering fertilization to panicle fertilization, and little(0.1%–4.4%) after panicle fertilization. The recovery efficiency of basal N for the entire rice growth stage was low and ranged from 18.7% to 24.8%, not significantly affected by cultivars or N treatments. Soil residual basal N accounted for 10.3%–36.4% and decreased with increasing total N rate and basal N ratio, regardless of variety and year. 43.8%–70.4% of basal N was lost into the environment based on the N balance. Basal N loss was significantly linearly positive related with the basal N rate and obviously enhanced by the increasing basal N ratio for both varieties in both 2012 and 2013. The N use efficiency and yield was significantly improved when decreasing the basal N ratio from 40% to 25%. The results indicated that the basal N ratio should be reduced, especially with limited N inputs, to improve the yield and reduce the N loss to the environment.