AIM:To better understand the clinical significance of hepatitis B seroiogic markers in babies born to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive mothers, the incidence of maternal seroiogic markers of hepatitis B vi...AIM:To better understand the clinical significance of hepatitis B seroiogic markers in babies born to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive mothers, the incidence of maternal seroiogic markers of hepatitis B via placenta and its transformation in these babies were investigated. METHODS: Mothers with positive HBsAg were selected in the third trimester of pregnancy. Their babies received immunoprophylaxis with hepatitis B immunoglobulin and hepatitis B vaccine after birth, and were consecutively followed up for hepatitis B seroiogic markers and HBV DNA at birth, mo 1, 4, 7, 12, and 24. RESULTS: Forty-two babies entered the study, including 16 born to hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive HBsAg carrier mothers and 26 to HBeAg-negative HBsAg carrier mothers. Apart from four babies born to HBeAg-positive carrier mothers and demonstrated persistent positive HBeAg eventually became HBV carriers, all other babies developed anti-HBs before 12 mo of age. Among the other 12 babies born to HBeAg-positive carrier mothers, HBeAg was detected in 7 at birth, in 4 at mo 1, and in none of them thereafter. No antibody response to the transplacental HBeAg was detected. Among the babies born to HBeAg-negative carrier mothers, anti-HBe was detected 100% at birth and mo 1, in 88.5% at mo 4, in 46.2% at mo 7, in 4.2% at mo 12 and none in mo 24. Among all the immunoprophylaxis-protected babies born to either HBeAg-positive or HBeAg-negative carrier mothers, anti-HBc was detected in 100% at birth, mo 1 and mo 4, in 78.9% at mo 7, in 36.1% at mo 12 and in none at mo 24. CONCLUSION: HBeAg can pass through human placenta from mother to fetus and become undetectable before 4 mo of age, but no antibodies response to the transplacental HBeAg can be detected till mo 24 in the immunoprophylaxis-protected babies. The sole existence of anti-HBe before 1 year of age or anti-HBc before 2 years of age in babies born to HBsAg carrier mothers may simply represent the transplacental maternal antibodies, instead of indicators of HBV infection status.展开更多
Objective：To search for risk factors that affect mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis B virus（HBV）. Methods：To obtain studies eligible for meta-analysis, China biological medicine discs and MEDLINE citations...Objective：To search for risk factors that affect mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis B virus（HBV）. Methods：To obtain studies eligible for meta-analysis, China biological medicine discs and MEDLINE citations were surveyed. Mother HBV DNA or HBeAg positivity,neonate HBeAg positivity, mode of delivery, threatened abortion and threatened premature labor were processed with meta analysis. Criteria for selection of published studies for meta analysis were based on principle by Abdolmaleky HM. Odds ratio （OR） was calculated and summarized by fixed effect model or random-effects model using RevMan software. The heterogeneity of the group of ORs was assessed using an X^2 test. The significance of the pooled OR was determined by the u-test. The strength of association was assessed using the OR. An OR〉1. 0 indicated a positive association between the risk factor and neonate HBV infection. Results： After meta analysis of factors concerned, a significant association was found between the positivity of HBeAg in mother and neonate, of HBV DNA in mother peripheral serum, and HBV mother-to-infant transmission, with a pooled OR equal to 19.43 （95% CI=8. 77-43. 06）, 36.5 （95% CI= 19.85-67. 11）, and 36.5 （95 % CI= 19.85-67.11 ） respectively. Mode of delivery, threatened abortion and threatened premature labor proved not to be of risk factors on the mother-to-infant transmission of HBV. Conclusion： Mother HBV DNA or HBeAg positivity and neonate HBeAg positivity were proved to be of risk factors affecting the transmission of HBV from mother to fetal.展开更多
Objectie: To find out the basic conditions of mycosis infectionof full-term pregnant women. Methods: Fungus isolation and identification from the vaginalsecretions and oral specimens from 208 full-term pregnantwomen w...Objectie: To find out the basic conditions of mycosis infectionof full-term pregnant women. Methods: Fungus isolation and identification from the vaginalsecretions and oral specimens from 208 full-term pregnantwomen were carried out by fungi culture and identifiedfollowing standard biological practice. Results: The positive detection rate for vaginal fungi was51.92% and for oral fungi it was 47.59%. 20.19% had fungi inboth the vaginal and oral cavity. The fungi found were mainly ofthe species Candida albicans. Conclusion: The prevalence of fungal mycosis infection infull-term pregnant women was higher than that usually found innon-pregnant women. In order to prevent furthercomplications and materal-child transmission, serious attentionshould be paid to this high prevalence finding.展开更多
To investigate the maternal-infantile infection with human parvovirus B19, the IgG and IgM antibodies against human parvovirus and the B19-DNA in serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of pregnant women a...To investigate the maternal-infantile infection with human parvovirus B19, the IgG and IgM antibodies against human parvovirus and the B19-DNA in serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of pregnant women as well as the serum IgM antibody against B19 and the B19-DNA in serum and cord blood nucleated cells (CBNC) of newborns were determined by ELISA and nested PCR respectively. It was found that the positive rate of the IgG antibody against human parvovirus B19 in sera of 92 pregnant women was 38.04% (35/92), and that of the IgM antibody in 720 pregnant women was 9.03% (65/720). However, the IgM antibody against human parvovirus B19 was negative in the cord blood sera of 95 newborns. As to the human parvovirus B19 DNA, none of 720 pregnant women and 95 newborns was proved to be positive in their sera. Nevertheless, the positive rate of the parvovirus B19 DNA in PBMC was 3.06% (3/98) in 98 pregnant women and 1.12% (1/89) in CBNC of 89 newborns. It is concluded that the history of infection with human parvovirus B19 exists in certain pregnant women with a small percentage of pregnant women infected with recent or acute infections of B19 virus. The detection rates of the B19 viral DNA in PBMC of pregnant women and CBNC of newborns were higher than those in sera, indicating that the risk for vertical transmission is very low.展开更多
Background. The aims of this study were to define the clinical characteristics of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in young adult patients without cirrhosis and to evaluate the efficacy o...Background. The aims of this study were to define the clinical characteristics of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in young adult patients without cirrhosis and to evaluate the efficacy of interferon (IFN) therapy on HCC recurrence. Methods. Of 187 patients with HBV-related HCC treated at our hospital, 4 had no liver cirrhosis and were less than 30 years of age (10, 22, 23, and 26 years). Results. At the time of diagnosis of HCC, all cases had antibody to hepatitis Be antigen (anti-HBe) and histological staging of nontumorous liver was F0 or F1, i.e., low-grade hepatitis. The mothers of all 4 young adult patients with HCC had HBV-related liver disease. Three cases developed recurrence of HCC. In these patients, long-term intermittent IFN therapy after reresection of HCC resulted in long-term survival without recurrence for more than 3 years of follow-up. Conclusions. (1) Young adult patients with HCC are positive for anti-HBe, lack cirrhosis,and the route of infection seems to be mother-to-infant transmission.Transplacental transmission of HBV and HBV DNA integration into the cellular genomic DNA during fetal life is a possible explanation of HBV-related hepatocarcinogenesis in young adults; and (2) long-term IFN therapy seems to be useful for prevention of tumor recurrence after radical operation for HBV-related HCC.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of different delivery modes on immunoprophylaxis efficacy so as to clarify whether or not cesarean section reduces immunoprophylaxis failure. METHODS: Mothers with positive hepatitis B s...OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of different delivery modes on immunoprophylaxis efficacy so as to clarify whether or not cesarean section reduces immunoprophylaxis failure. METHODS: Mothers with positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) were selected in the third trimester of pregnancy. Their babies were inoculated with hepatitis B immunoglobulin at birth and hepatitis B vaccine at 1, 2 and 7 months of age. HBsAg and its antibodies (anti-HBs) were tested at 1, 4, 7, and 12 months of age, then followed up yearly. RESULTS: A total of 301 babies entered the study, including 144 born by normal spontaneous vaginal delivery, 40 by obstetric forceps or vacuum extraction, and 117 by cesarean section. The incidence of mother's HBeAg positivity or baby's gender constitution was comparable between the three groups. There were no significant differences in the positive rate of anti-HBs or HBsAg at follow-up periods among the three groups. At 12 months of age, anti-HBs could be detected in 78.9% of the babies born by normal vaginal delivery, 84.6% of the babies by forceps or vacuum extraction, and 86.4% of the babies by cesarean section. The positive rate of HBsAg was 8.1%, 7.7%, 9.7%, and chronic HBV infection incidence was 7.3%, 7.7%, 6.8% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: There are no significant effects of delivery mode on the interruption of HBV maternal-baby transmission by immunoprophylaxis. Cesarean section does not reduce the incidence of immunoprophylaxis failure.展开更多
基金Supported by the Key-Subject Construction Project of Ministry of Public Health of China,No.97030223the young researcher grant from Children's Hospital of Fudan University,No.QN2001-5 Co-first-authors: Jian-She Wang and Hui Chen
文摘AIM:To better understand the clinical significance of hepatitis B seroiogic markers in babies born to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive mothers, the incidence of maternal seroiogic markers of hepatitis B via placenta and its transformation in these babies were investigated. METHODS: Mothers with positive HBsAg were selected in the third trimester of pregnancy. Their babies received immunoprophylaxis with hepatitis B immunoglobulin and hepatitis B vaccine after birth, and were consecutively followed up for hepatitis B seroiogic markers and HBV DNA at birth, mo 1, 4, 7, 12, and 24. RESULTS: Forty-two babies entered the study, including 16 born to hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive HBsAg carrier mothers and 26 to HBeAg-negative HBsAg carrier mothers. Apart from four babies born to HBeAg-positive carrier mothers and demonstrated persistent positive HBeAg eventually became HBV carriers, all other babies developed anti-HBs before 12 mo of age. Among the other 12 babies born to HBeAg-positive carrier mothers, HBeAg was detected in 7 at birth, in 4 at mo 1, and in none of them thereafter. No antibody response to the transplacental HBeAg was detected. Among the babies born to HBeAg-negative carrier mothers, anti-HBe was detected 100% at birth and mo 1, in 88.5% at mo 4, in 46.2% at mo 7, in 4.2% at mo 12 and none in mo 24. Among all the immunoprophylaxis-protected babies born to either HBeAg-positive or HBeAg-negative carrier mothers, anti-HBc was detected in 100% at birth, mo 1 and mo 4, in 78.9% at mo 7, in 36.1% at mo 12 and in none at mo 24. CONCLUSION: HBeAg can pass through human placenta from mother to fetus and become undetectable before 4 mo of age, but no antibodies response to the transplacental HBeAg can be detected till mo 24 in the immunoprophylaxis-protected babies. The sole existence of anti-HBe before 1 year of age or anti-HBc before 2 years of age in babies born to HBsAg carrier mothers may simply represent the transplacental maternal antibodies, instead of indicators of HBV infection status.
文摘Objective：To search for risk factors that affect mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis B virus（HBV）. Methods：To obtain studies eligible for meta-analysis, China biological medicine discs and MEDLINE citations were surveyed. Mother HBV DNA or HBeAg positivity,neonate HBeAg positivity, mode of delivery, threatened abortion and threatened premature labor were processed with meta analysis. Criteria for selection of published studies for meta analysis were based on principle by Abdolmaleky HM. Odds ratio （OR） was calculated and summarized by fixed effect model or random-effects model using RevMan software. The heterogeneity of the group of ORs was assessed using an X^2 test. The significance of the pooled OR was determined by the u-test. The strength of association was assessed using the OR. An OR〉1. 0 indicated a positive association between the risk factor and neonate HBV infection. Results： After meta analysis of factors concerned, a significant association was found between the positivity of HBeAg in mother and neonate, of HBV DNA in mother peripheral serum, and HBV mother-to-infant transmission, with a pooled OR equal to 19.43 （95% CI=8. 77-43. 06）, 36.5 （95% CI= 19.85-67. 11）, and 36.5 （95 % CI= 19.85-67.11 ） respectively. Mode of delivery, threatened abortion and threatened premature labor proved not to be of risk factors on the mother-to-infant transmission of HBV. Conclusion： Mother HBV DNA or HBeAg positivity and neonate HBeAg positivity were proved to be of risk factors affecting the transmission of HBV from mother to fetal.
文摘Objectie: To find out the basic conditions of mycosis infectionof full-term pregnant women. Methods: Fungus isolation and identification from the vaginalsecretions and oral specimens from 208 full-term pregnantwomen were carried out by fungi culture and identifiedfollowing standard biological practice. Results: The positive detection rate for vaginal fungi was51.92% and for oral fungi it was 47.59%. 20.19% had fungi inboth the vaginal and oral cavity. The fungi found were mainly ofthe species Candida albicans. Conclusion: The prevalence of fungal mycosis infection infull-term pregnant women was higher than that usually found innon-pregnant women. In order to prevent furthercomplications and materal-child transmission, serious attentionshould be paid to this high prevalence finding.
基金This work was supported by the Railway Ministry Science and Research Foundation of China (No. J99Z132)
文摘To investigate the maternal-infantile infection with human parvovirus B19, the IgG and IgM antibodies against human parvovirus and the B19-DNA in serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of pregnant women as well as the serum IgM antibody against B19 and the B19-DNA in serum and cord blood nucleated cells (CBNC) of newborns were determined by ELISA and nested PCR respectively. It was found that the positive rate of the IgG antibody against human parvovirus B19 in sera of 92 pregnant women was 38.04% (35/92), and that of the IgM antibody in 720 pregnant women was 9.03% (65/720). However, the IgM antibody against human parvovirus B19 was negative in the cord blood sera of 95 newborns. As to the human parvovirus B19 DNA, none of 720 pregnant women and 95 newborns was proved to be positive in their sera. Nevertheless, the positive rate of the parvovirus B19 DNA in PBMC was 3.06% (3/98) in 98 pregnant women and 1.12% (1/89) in CBNC of 89 newborns. It is concluded that the history of infection with human parvovirus B19 exists in certain pregnant women with a small percentage of pregnant women infected with recent or acute infections of B19 virus. The detection rates of the B19 viral DNA in PBMC of pregnant women and CBNC of newborns were higher than those in sera, indicating that the risk for vertical transmission is very low.
文摘Background. The aims of this study were to define the clinical characteristics of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in young adult patients without cirrhosis and to evaluate the efficacy of interferon (IFN) therapy on HCC recurrence. Methods. Of 187 patients with HBV-related HCC treated at our hospital, 4 had no liver cirrhosis and were less than 30 years of age (10, 22, 23, and 26 years). Results. At the time of diagnosis of HCC, all cases had antibody to hepatitis Be antigen (anti-HBe) and histological staging of nontumorous liver was F0 or F1, i.e., low-grade hepatitis. The mothers of all 4 young adult patients with HCC had HBV-related liver disease. Three cases developed recurrence of HCC. In these patients, long-term intermittent IFN therapy after reresection of HCC resulted in long-term survival without recurrence for more than 3 years of follow-up. Conclusions. (1) Young adult patients with HCC are positive for anti-HBe, lack cirrhosis,and the route of infection seems to be mother-to-infant transmission.Transplacental transmission of HBV and HBV DNA integration into the cellular genomic DNA during fetal life is a possible explanation of HBV-related hepatocarcinogenesis in young adults; and (2) long-term IFN therapy seems to be useful for prevention of tumor recurrence after radical operation for HBV-related HCC.
文摘OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of different delivery modes on immunoprophylaxis efficacy so as to clarify whether or not cesarean section reduces immunoprophylaxis failure. METHODS: Mothers with positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) were selected in the third trimester of pregnancy. Their babies were inoculated with hepatitis B immunoglobulin at birth and hepatitis B vaccine at 1, 2 and 7 months of age. HBsAg and its antibodies (anti-HBs) were tested at 1, 4, 7, and 12 months of age, then followed up yearly. RESULTS: A total of 301 babies entered the study, including 144 born by normal spontaneous vaginal delivery, 40 by obstetric forceps or vacuum extraction, and 117 by cesarean section. The incidence of mother's HBeAg positivity or baby's gender constitution was comparable between the three groups. There were no significant differences in the positive rate of anti-HBs or HBsAg at follow-up periods among the three groups. At 12 months of age, anti-HBs could be detected in 78.9% of the babies born by normal vaginal delivery, 84.6% of the babies by forceps or vacuum extraction, and 86.4% of the babies by cesarean section. The positive rate of HBsAg was 8.1%, 7.7%, 9.7%, and chronic HBV infection incidence was 7.3%, 7.7%, 6.8% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: There are no significant effects of delivery mode on the interruption of HBV maternal-baby transmission by immunoprophylaxis. Cesarean section does not reduce the incidence of immunoprophylaxis failure.
