我国高汞低硒地区母子体头发中汞和硒的相关性研究

用仪器中子活化法研究了我国高汞低硒地区第二松花江流域２９对母子体头发中汞、硒水平及其相关性。结果指出，子体中的汞含量与母体相当，而子体中的硒大多比母体的高。硒与汞的摩尔比值亦是子体比母体的高４０％左右。这表明子体能从母体中摄取较多的硒，以抵御汞的毒性，这种“自保护”机制对母体中的胎儿发育起着极为重要的作用。

母子体衰变测量的一种简单方法

采用一套用于测量α衰变的装置可以对母核和子核的α衰变分别进行测量 ,由这种装置的测量结果可以得到核素的衰变关系 ,从而对核素进行指定。

母婴传播后母子体内乙型肝炎病毒前S/S基因变异研究

目的 通过经母婴传播获得乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染的慢性无症状乙型肝炎表面抗原携带者(ASC)母子体内HBV PreS/S基因序列研究,了解来源相同的HBV在不同程度病毒血症情况下PreS/S基因变异的特点。方法 选择15对母孕前为HBV感染、未接种过乙型肝炎疫苗且均未使用过抗HBV药物的ASC母子。应用T-A克隆技术构建重组质粒pGEM-PreS/S、双酶切进行鉴定,每个患者选2个酶切鉴定正确的克隆测序并进行分析。结果 选择15对ASC母子,根据HBV病毒血症高低分为3组,每组5对,A组母子均为高病毒血症,B组子女为高病毒血症、母亲为低病毒血症,C组子女为低病毒血症、母亲为高病毒血症。高病毒血症患者均为乙型肝炎e抗原(+),低病毒血症均为抗-HBe(+)。母子HBV亚型相同,各组中有4/5对母子为B/adw2、1/5对母子为C/adrq+亚型。对每组中B/adw2亚型HBV患者的PreS/S基因进行分析显示:高病毒血症组间或低病毒血症组间HBV PreS/S基因变异数目及位点差异均无显著性,变异与年龄无关,低病毒血症患者变异数目及位点明显高于高病毒血症患者。两个低病毒血症组PreS/S基因绝大多数变异位点相同(113个),其中变异热点85个、可引起37个氨基酸变异,这些变异的氨基酸大多位于免疫表位内或(和)其附近。结论 HBV变异可能与感染的时间长短无关;

Measurement method for cluster warhead's dispersion area based on binocular stereo vision technique

Cluster warhead has become the main ammunition of gun,rocket projectile and missile and it has been widely equipped in almost every country.More and more attention is paid to the damage effect of cluster warhead.The size of the dispersion area of cluster warhead is the main standard by which the damage effect of cluster warhead is estimated.The practical method of measuring the dispersion area was developed based on binocular stereo vision measurement theory.The calibration principle of the binocular stereo vision cameras was studied.The matching algorithm that relies on the gradient fields of the neighborhood of a pixel has been used to obtain the spatial information of matched points by acquiring apair of corresponding points in the left and right images of binocular cameras.The 3Dpositions of the flying path of cluster warhead were calculated.The umbrella that is similar to the dispersion track of static explosive cluster warhead was applied in the experiment to get the projection area of the umbrella on the ground.Experiment results verify the feasibility of the proposed method.

Pollen Mother Cell Miosis and Male Gametophyte Development of Pumpkin

[Objective] Pollen mother cell miosis and male gametophyte development of pumpkin were observed in this study, to provide some cytological basis for pumpkin anther or microspore culture. [Method] Ehrlich＇s hematoxylin staining-methyl salicylate clearing technique was used for observation and research of the variation of cell structure and chromosomal behavior during pollen mother cell miosis and male gametophyte development of ‘Tianhong＇ pumpkin. [Result] The meiosis in pollen moth- er cells of pumpkin was simultaneous cytokinesis. In the process of nuclear division, nuclear membrane and nucleolus of pumpkin pollen mother cells gradually disappeared in the metaphase I and reappeared in telophase I , phragmoplast formed between the two generated crescent-shaped nuclei without cell wall, the phragmoplast gradually disappeared in the metaphase II and reappeared in telophase II. Phragmoplast spread outward from the center of spindle during the second division was connected with that formed on the central interface of two nuclei during the first division, cell wall of microspores generated from periphery to center. Most of the tetrads contained four sub-cells while a few contained extra small cells. During the period of uniuclete microspore at periphery, the single nucleolus split into 2-3 or more small nucleoli, mature pollen grain was two-celled. Mononucleate pollen cells were mostly appeared in the flower buds with length of 1.0-2.0 cm, which could be used as an important indicator to collect materials for anther or microspore culture. [Conclusion] This study laid the foundation for research of the cytogenetics of pumpkin.

The Application of X-STR： Two Case Reports

The usefulness of the X-chromosomal STRs （short tandem repeats） for forensic purposes seems to be restricted, but may be valuable in some paternity cases. Due to the particular mode of inheritance, X-chromosomal X-STR has the advantage in female traces identification against male contamination and in complex kinship cases, such as deficiency cases （mother-son or father-daughter）, grandparent-grandchild comparisons, half-sisters testing, etc. In this study, 4 blood samples from two paternity cases without father were examined with TYPER19 Amplification kit first, from the result, it is hard to judge the relationship between the mother-sons, then TYPERX19 kit was conducted to obtain the full profiles of the two pairs of the mother-son, from the genetypes of the samples, it can be inferred that neither of the two pairs of mother-son were in line with the kinship, which provides important evidence for the two paternity cases. All together, the X-chromosome marks included in the TYPERX19 kit can offer the possibility to solve complex kinship cases where autosomal STR markers cannot provide the information needed.

“加冕”与“脱冕”中的“无事的悲剧”

《儒林外史》是我国讽刺小说的高峰,有很高的艺术成就,尤以“王冕画画”“范进中举”两回为最佳。在“王冕画画”这回中,主人公王冕自制了一个自由之“冕”,构筑了一个近于桃花源的美境,但这个近于桃花源的美境却是世俗世界的一部分,有诸多“潘多拉魔盒”里的“幽灵”,这些“幽灵”要把王冕的“自由之冕”脱去,于是便上演了“加冕”和“脱冕”的“几乎是无事”的悲喜剧。范进与王冕相反,他自制了一顶“紧箍之冕”。封建科举制几乎使范进终身“脱冕”,是周进的一念之想,才使范进的“加冕”成为现实。范进的“脱冕”和“加冕”是“几乎无事”的悲喜剧的另一精彩注脚。两人“脱冕”“加冕”的“几乎无事”的悲喜剧具有巨大的批判意义。在这两回中,作者还使用了母子、翁婿同体化的写作手法,使人物形象更加生动、鲜明、丰满,具有极强的艺术魅力。

Physical （Bodily） Contact Among Parents and Children in the Context of Family Upbringing. Religious Education Approach--Case Study

Physical （bodily） contact among children and parents every day varies and its effect relates to the all-round personality development of the child. The purpose of this study is to present the attitudes and opinions of sixth-grade elementary students with regard to how parents interact with them physically as well as how the children would like the corresponding interaction with their parents to develop. The methodology was based on a case study. Data collection was conducted via a questionnaire with closed questions, which was distributed in person to sixth-grade students at two primary schools in the prefecture of Thessaloniki. Some results of the study indicate that more often children positively receive the ways in which their parents interact with them physically and desire physical contact with their parents even at this age. The involvement of parents and children in the sacramental life of the church seems to have a positive effect on physical contact among them. Gradually, however, children distance themselves from their parents as they enter puberty and seek physical contact with their parents selectively and only on special occasions such as their birthdays.

A theoretical study of the mechanism of the nucleotidyl transfer reaction catalyzed by yeast RNA polymerase Ⅱ

The mechanism of the nucleotidyl transfer reaction catalyzed by yeast RNA polymerase I1 has been investigated using molec- ular mechanics and quantum mechanics methods. Molecular dynamics （MD） simulations were carried out using the TIP3 water model and generalized solvent boundary potential （GSBP） by CHARMM based on the X-ray crystal structure. Two models of the ternary elongation complex were constructed based on CHARMM MD calculations. All the species including reactants, transition states, intermediates, and products were optimized using the DFT-PBE method coupled with the basis set DZVP and the auxiliary basis set GEN-A2. Three pathways were explored using the DFT method. The most favorable reaction pathway involves indirect proton migration from the RNA primer 3＇-OH to the oxygen atom of a-phosphate via a solvent water mole- cule, proton rotation from the oxygen atom of a-phosphate to the 13-phosphate side, the RNA primer 3＇-O nucleophilic attack on the a-phosphorus atom, and P-O bond breakage. The corresponding reaction potential profile was obtained. The rate limit- ing step, with a barrier height of 21.5 kcal/mol, is the RNA primer 3＇-0 nucleophilic attack, rather than the commonly consid- ered proton transfer process. A high-resolution crystal structure including crystallographic water molecules is required for fur- ther studies.