母子家庭与完整家庭父母教养态度对幼儿社会生活能力影响研究

【目的】探讨不同家庭结构类型对幼儿社会生活能力和母亲教养态度的影响及其幼儿社会生活能力和母亲（父母亲）教养态度的相关性。【方法】以3～6岁母子家庭亲子（母亲和子女）98组和完整家庭亲子（父母和子女）312组为对象，测定了幼儿社会生活能力和父母的教养态度。【结果】①母子家庭组幼儿全领域和“独立生活能力”等5个分领域的社会生活能力低于完整家庭组（P〈0．05～P〈0．001）。②母子家庭组母亲“保护型”、“服从型”和“矛盾”的教养态度问题程度高于完整家庭组母亲（P〈0．05～P〈0．001）；③母子家庭组幼儿的全领域和6个分领域的社会生活能力与母亲的“保护型”、“服从型”和“矛盾”的教养态度之间有显著的相关；完整家庭组幼儿社会生活能力与父亲教养态度的相关变量多于母亲。【结论】母子家庭对幼儿社会生活能力和母亲教养态度有一定的负面影响。

日本老龄者生活的实际状况及其保障

一、老龄者家庭经济生活的实际状况1、老龄者家庭的收支结构随着人口的老龄化,有65岁以上老人的家庭数稳步增长,1972年658万户(占总户数的20.6%),75年712万户(占21.7%),80年850万户(占24.1%)。

日本如何调节收入分配

在市场经济条件下,收入再分配是政府宏观调控的重要组成部分,是保持社会稳定、维护社会公正的不可或缺的手段。日本在收入再分配方面也积累了不少经验。衡量收入分配差异的重要指标有基尼系数,该系数越接近0意味着差距越小。0.4被认为是安全警戒线。根据世界银行推算,日本的基尼系数为0.33,低于美、英发达国家,也低于包括中国在内的发展中国家。

Physical （Bodily） Contact Among Parents and Children in the Context of Family Upbringing. Religious Education Approach--Case Study

Physical （bodily） contact among children and parents every day varies and its effect relates to the all-round personality development of the child. The purpose of this study is to present the attitudes and opinions of sixth-grade elementary students with regard to how parents interact with them physically as well as how the children would like the corresponding interaction with their parents to develop. The methodology was based on a case study. Data collection was conducted via a questionnaire with closed questions, which was distributed in person to sixth-grade students at two primary schools in the prefecture of Thessaloniki. Some results of the study indicate that more often children positively receive the ways in which their parents interact with them physically and desire physical contact with their parents even at this age. The involvement of parents and children in the sacramental life of the church seems to have a positive effect on physical contact among them. Gradually, however, children distance themselves from their parents as they enter puberty and seek physical contact with their parents selectively and only on special occasions such as their birthdays.

A Family of Origin Scale in Mothers of Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder-Preliminary Report

The influence of the family of origin is often described in the aetiology of different psychiatric disorders. The majority of papers concerning the families of autistic children concentrate on the quality of their lives. The aim of our study was to compare the experiences from the family of origin of mothers of children with Autistic Spectrum Disorders （ASD） and from mothers of healthy children. In our study a Family of Origin Scale （FOS） was used. This scale consists of l0 constructs： clarity of expression, responsibility, respect for others, openness to others, acceptance of separation/loss, range of feelings, mood and tone, conflict resolution, empathy and trust. It was a pilot study. The examined group consisted of 9 mothers of children with ASD, the control group-7 mothers of healthy children. We found that both groups differed in a statistically significant way as for the construct called responsibility. Our research was a pilot study and it required further investigations.

富者愈富 贫者愈贫——美国的两极分化现状分析

里根优待财主1984年8月15日,美国非营利的研究机关——城市研究所公布了一份关于里根当政的最近这四年美国内政的研究报告,报告特别指出了富者愈富、贫者愈贫,穷富悬殊日益扩大的问题。

工人“富裕化”了吗?

最近,'工人'、'工人阶级'这些词,在新闻媒介中已经比较少见,'职员'这个词,已被用来泛指一般靠工资生活的人,有的企业内部报纸,甚至用'产业人'、'企业人'这样的词来表示从经理、董事到一般的雇员。那么,'工人'。

农村分家机制存在区域差异

结合中国农村分家的区域经验,可提炼出整合性分家、竞争性分家和协商性分家三种分家机制。它们分别是南方农村、北方农村和中部农村主导的分家机制。整合性分家指由母家庭主导的分家机制,表现为分继型的实践形态,是父权主导下的产物,且伦理自觉有效地约束了分裂效应。竞争性分家指子家庭之间通过相互竞争的方式从母家庭中分离的机制,其实践形态表现为子代主导的家产分割,家庭政治的权力冲突是其动力机制,社区性规则构成其约束条件。协商性分家指的是子家庭与母家庭之间通过相互协商的方式从母家庭分离的机制,其实践形态表现为母子家庭的财产分离,理性协商是其主要动力,交换逻辑是其约束条件。分家的区域差异研究不仅可进一步丰富关于村庄社会结构差异的认识,同时也可为分家研究和家庭研究的中层理论奠定初步基础。