镜像神经元理论视野下的“母思维”与知识呈现

镜像神经元的发现具有重要的教育意义,它提示我们在人类的生命内部有一种先天的教育机制,实施隐藏的不言之教。这种教育机制通过母思维即直觉顿悟思维发挥作用。在课程教学环境中,母思维偏爱"看得见的"知识呈现。因此,在基础教育阶段的教材编制和课堂教学中,应该尽可能借助可以直观的感性材料,来呈现重要的知识。

在镜像神经元理论指导下发展儿童“母思维”

镜像神经元是人类大脑中的神经细胞，在上世纪末由意大利帕尔马大学的科学家首先在猴脑里发现的，实验证明它能够像镜子一样通过内部模仿而辨认出所观察对象的动作行为的潜在意义，并作出相应的情感反应。近年来，江苏省无锡市水秀实验幼儿园与北京师范大学教育学部家庭教育研究中心合作，进行镜像神经元理论应用于幼儿教育的实验。取得了一些重要的研究成果。

架构直接接受和领悟间接经验的桥梁

人类有两套思维系统一套是经过教育培养、知识武装而形成的抽象逻辑思维,又称之为“子思维” ;另一套是与生俱来的、通过镜像神经元发挥作用的直觉顿悟思维,称为“母思维”.现在,更多的科学家认为,人脑中存在着顿悟机制,这恰是人类理解的奥秘.我们试问,教育是做什么的？教育的本质难道不正是传授间接经验吗？而镜像神经元的作用恰在于直接接受和领悟间接经验.

On the Cultural Differences between Chinese and English Speaking People in Their Thinking Modes from the Perspective of Second Language Acquisition

The recent years have witnessed increasing opportunities for people from various cultural backgrounds to communicate with each other, which is naturally based on a general grasp of cultural knowledge and communicative techniques in cross-cultural settings. However, there often exist cultural clashes in such cases, especially between Chinese and English speaking people, which are deeply rooted in the wide differences in their languages and thinking modes. Indeed, this also serves to be an important part in the acquisition of the English culture for Chinese students in the current educational climate. The paper is intended to provide a contrastive analysis of the major cultural differences between Chinese and English speaking people in their thinking modes in three aspects of the descriptive versus the formal, the concrete versus the abstract, and the practical versus the logical form the linguistic perspective. And the paper comes to the conclusion that a general understanding of these significant differences may enable Chinese-speaking people and English-speaking people to establish a more efficient communication with each other.