Of patients with severe exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B accompanied by jaundice and coagulopathy,20%-30%have a fatal outcome.In this report,we describe 2 cases of severe exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B with ja...Of patients with severe exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B accompanied by jaundice and coagulopathy,20%-30%have a fatal outcome.In this report,we describe 2 cases of severe exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B with jaundice and coagulopathy who were successfully treated with a combination of entecavir and corticosteroid.In both cases,rapid reductions in serum hepatitis B virus(HBV)-DNA levels were observed,and corticosteroid was stopped after serum HBV-DNA levels became undetectable.Entecavir treatment was continued.Generally,entecavir treatment reduced serum HBV-DNA levels rapidly,although the improvement in liver function was delayed by a few weeks.During this time lag,liver cell injury continued and the disease progressed.Corticosteroid suppressed the excessive host immune response and was useful for stopping progressive deterioration.A combination of entecavir and early-phase corticosteroid may be a useful treatment in severe exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effects of T-2 toxin on expressions of Fas,p53,Bcl-xL,Bcl-2,Bax and caspase-3 on human chondrocytes.Methods:Human chondrocytes were treated with T-2 toxin(1～20 ng/ml)for 5 d.Fas,p53 and o...Objective:To investigate the effects of T-2 toxin on expressions of Fas,p53,Bcl-xL,Bcl-2,Bax and caspase-3 on human chondrocytes.Methods:Human chondrocytes were treated with T-2 toxin(1～20 ng/ml)for 5 d.Fas,p53 and other apoptosis-related proteins such as Bax,Bcl-2,Bcl-xL,caspase-3 were determined by Western blot analysis and their mRNA expressions were determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results:Increases in Fas,p53 and the pro-apoptotic factor Bax protein and mRNA expressions and a decrease of the anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-xL were observed in a dose-dependent manner after exposures to 1～20 ng/ml T-2 toxin,while the expression of the anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-2 was unchanged.Meanwhile,T-2 toxin could also up-regulate the expressions of both pro-caspase-3 and caspase-3 in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion:These data suggest a possible underlying molecular mechanism for T-2 toxin to induce the apoptosis sig- naling pathway in human chondrocytes by regulation of apoptosis-related proteins.展开更多
AIM： To study the relationship between the cytotoxinassociated gene-A （CagA） status of H pylori strains and cerebral infarction among European Caucasians and Chinese Han by conducting a meta-analysis.METHODS： Ten ...AIM： To study the relationship between the cytotoxinassociated gene-A （CagA） status of H pylori strains and cerebral infarction among European Caucasians and Chinese Han by conducting a meta-analysis.METHODS： Ten case-control studies, with data on a total of 907 cases and 966 controls, were retrieved and considered; disqualified studies were excluded. The included studies were then tested for heterogeneity, and a meta-analysis was performed.RESULTS： The combined data revealed CagA-bearing strains of Hpylori which cause chronic infection are associated with an increased risk of cerebral infarction （OR = 2.66, 950 CI： 2.17-3.26）, but no such relationship was found with CagA-negative strains （OR = 0.74, 95% CI： 0.49-1.10） in the overall population. We performed subgroup analyses, dividing the overall population into European Caucasians and Chinese Han subgroups, and analyzed the studies according to their subgroup classification. Through the subgroup analysis, an association between cerebral infarction and CagAbearing strains was found in both subgroups （OR = 2.60, 95% CI： 1.93-3.49 in Chinese Han; OR = 2.71, 95% CI： 2.05-3.59 in European Caucasians）, but no significant association was found between cerebral infarction and CagA-negative strains （OR = 0.81, 95% CI： 0.45-1.48 in Chinese Han; OR = 0.64, 95% CI： 0.37-1.09 in European Caucasians）.CONCLUSION： These results suggest CagA-bearing strains of H pylori are significantly associated with susceptibility to cerebral infarction in Chinese Han and European Caucasians, but that CagA-negative strains are not a definite predisposing factor in either subgroup. The magnitude of this association with cerebral infarction needs to be confirmed by prospective studies and combined studies of Hpylori eradication.展开更多
Total mRNA was extracted from a venom gland of snake Daboia russellii siamensis following the manufacturer＇s protocol of the PolyATtract System 1000 kit purchased from Promega Biotech. cDNAs encoding C-type lectins w...Total mRNA was extracted from a venom gland of snake Daboia russellii siamensis following the manufacturer＇s protocol of the PolyATtract System 1000 kit purchased from Promega Biotech. cDNAs encoding C-type lectins were amplified by RT-PCR and subcloned into a pMD18-T vector. Fourteen positive clones were selected for nucleotide sequencing and seven cDNAs encoding various snake venom C-type lectin-like protein precursors, designated as DRS-L1, DRS-L2, DRS-L3, DRS-L4 DRS-L5, DRS-L6 and DRS-L7, were obtained. Amino acid sequences of these proteins were deduced and each contains a carbohydrate recognition domain. Of all the deduced protein sequences, only DRS-L1 seemed to represent a closer sequence similarity to α subunits of other known snake venom C-type lectin-like proteins using the BLAST program. Homology comparison combined with analysis of cysteine position indicate that DRS-L1 and DRS-L2 are probably the light chain LC2 and LC1 of factor X activator from Daboia russellii siamensis venom, respectively. DRS-L3 and DRS-L4 might be the β subunits of higher molecular weight C-type lectin-like proteins while DRS-L5 and DRS-L6 might be β subunits of lower molecular weight C-type lectin-like proteins. DRS-L7 might be the β subunit of a platelet membrane glycoprotein Ib-binding protein similar to echicetin.展开更多
Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) is one of many pathogens that use the cell surface glycosaminoglycan heparan sulfate as a receptor. Heparan sulfate is highly expressed on the surface and extracellular matrix of vi...Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) is one of many pathogens that use the cell surface glycosaminoglycan heparan sulfate as a receptor. Heparan sulfate is highly expressed on the surface and extracellular matrix of virtually all cell types making it an ideal receptor. Heparan sulfate interacts with HSV-1 envelope glycoproteins gB and gC during the initial attachment step during HSV-1 entry. In addition,a modified form of heparan sulfate,known as 3-O-sulfated heparan sulfate,interacts with HSV-1 gD to induce fusion between the viral envelope and host cell membrane. The 3-O-sulfation of heparan sulfate is a rare modification which occurs during the biosynthesis of heparan sulfate that is carried out by a family of enzymes known as 3-O-sulfotransferases. Due to its involvement in multiple steps of the infection process,heparan sulfate has been a prime target for the development of agents to inhibit HSV entry. Understanding how heparan sulfate functions during HSV-1 infection may not only be critical for inhibiting infection by this virus,but it may also be crucial in the fight against many other pathogens as well.展开更多
文摘Of patients with severe exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B accompanied by jaundice and coagulopathy,20%-30%have a fatal outcome.In this report,we describe 2 cases of severe exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B with jaundice and coagulopathy who were successfully treated with a combination of entecavir and corticosteroid.In both cases,rapid reductions in serum hepatitis B virus(HBV)-DNA levels were observed,and corticosteroid was stopped after serum HBV-DNA levels became undetectable.Entecavir treatment was continued.Generally,entecavir treatment reduced serum HBV-DNA levels rapidly,although the improvement in liver function was delayed by a few weeks.During this time lag,liver cell injury continued and the disease progressed.Corticosteroid suppressed the excessive host immune response and was useful for stopping progressive deterioration.A combination of entecavir and early-phase corticosteroid may be a useful treatment in severe exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B.
基金Project(Nos.3063058 and 30471499)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Objective:To investigate the effects of T-2 toxin on expressions of Fas,p53,Bcl-xL,Bcl-2,Bax and caspase-3 on human chondrocytes.Methods:Human chondrocytes were treated with T-2 toxin(1～20 ng/ml)for 5 d.Fas,p53 and other apoptosis-related proteins such as Bax,Bcl-2,Bcl-xL,caspase-3 were determined by Western blot analysis and their mRNA expressions were determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results:Increases in Fas,p53 and the pro-apoptotic factor Bax protein and mRNA expressions and a decrease of the anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-xL were observed in a dose-dependent manner after exposures to 1～20 ng/ml T-2 toxin,while the expression of the anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-2 was unchanged.Meanwhile,T-2 toxin could also up-regulate the expressions of both pro-caspase-3 and caspase-3 in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion:These data suggest a possible underlying molecular mechanism for T-2 toxin to induce the apoptosis sig- naling pathway in human chondrocytes by regulation of apoptosis-related proteins.
文摘AIM： To study the relationship between the cytotoxinassociated gene-A （CagA） status of H pylori strains and cerebral infarction among European Caucasians and Chinese Han by conducting a meta-analysis.METHODS： Ten case-control studies, with data on a total of 907 cases and 966 controls, were retrieved and considered; disqualified studies were excluded. The included studies were then tested for heterogeneity, and a meta-analysis was performed.RESULTS： The combined data revealed CagA-bearing strains of Hpylori which cause chronic infection are associated with an increased risk of cerebral infarction （OR = 2.66, 950 CI： 2.17-3.26）, but no such relationship was found with CagA-negative strains （OR = 0.74, 95% CI： 0.49-1.10） in the overall population. We performed subgroup analyses, dividing the overall population into European Caucasians and Chinese Han subgroups, and analyzed the studies according to their subgroup classification. Through the subgroup analysis, an association between cerebral infarction and CagAbearing strains was found in both subgroups （OR = 2.60, 95% CI： 1.93-3.49 in Chinese Han; OR = 2.71, 95% CI： 2.05-3.59 in European Caucasians）, but no significant association was found between cerebral infarction and CagA-negative strains （OR = 0.81, 95% CI： 0.45-1.48 in Chinese Han; OR = 0.64, 95% CI： 0.37-1.09 in European Caucasians）.CONCLUSION： These results suggest CagA-bearing strains of H pylori are significantly associated with susceptibility to cerebral infarction in Chinese Han and European Caucasians, but that CagA-negative strains are not a definite predisposing factor in either subgroup. The magnitude of this association with cerebral infarction needs to be confirmed by prospective studies and combined studies of Hpylori eradication.
文摘Total mRNA was extracted from a venom gland of snake Daboia russellii siamensis following the manufacturer＇s protocol of the PolyATtract System 1000 kit purchased from Promega Biotech. cDNAs encoding C-type lectins were amplified by RT-PCR and subcloned into a pMD18-T vector. Fourteen positive clones were selected for nucleotide sequencing and seven cDNAs encoding various snake venom C-type lectin-like protein precursors, designated as DRS-L1, DRS-L2, DRS-L3, DRS-L4 DRS-L5, DRS-L6 and DRS-L7, were obtained. Amino acid sequences of these proteins were deduced and each contains a carbohydrate recognition domain. Of all the deduced protein sequences, only DRS-L1 seemed to represent a closer sequence similarity to α subunits of other known snake venom C-type lectin-like proteins using the BLAST program. Homology comparison combined with analysis of cysteine position indicate that DRS-L1 and DRS-L2 are probably the light chain LC2 and LC1 of factor X activator from Daboia russellii siamensis venom, respectively. DRS-L3 and DRS-L4 might be the β subunits of higher molecular weight C-type lectin-like proteins while DRS-L5 and DRS-L6 might be β subunits of lower molecular weight C-type lectin-like proteins. DRS-L7 might be the β subunit of a platelet membrane glycoprotein Ib-binding protein similar to echicetin.
文摘Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) is one of many pathogens that use the cell surface glycosaminoglycan heparan sulfate as a receptor. Heparan sulfate is highly expressed on the surface and extracellular matrix of virtually all cell types making it an ideal receptor. Heparan sulfate interacts with HSV-1 envelope glycoproteins gB and gC during the initial attachment step during HSV-1 entry. In addition,a modified form of heparan sulfate,known as 3-O-sulfated heparan sulfate,interacts with HSV-1 gD to induce fusion between the viral envelope and host cell membrane. The 3-O-sulfation of heparan sulfate is a rare modification which occurs during the biosynthesis of heparan sulfate that is carried out by a family of enzymes known as 3-O-sulfotransferases. Due to its involvement in multiple steps of the infection process,heparan sulfate has been a prime target for the development of agents to inhibit HSV entry. Understanding how heparan sulfate functions during HSV-1 infection may not only be critical for inhibiting infection by this virus,but it may also be crucial in the fight against many other pathogens as well.
