毒鼠硅添加诱鼠剂灭鼠效果观察

本文介绍了用添加诱鼠剂的毒鼠硅灭鼠效果观察情况。结果为校正灭鼠率95.41%(夹日法)、91.67%(粉迹法)。鼠密度从灭鼠前的11.11%(夹日法)、20.10%(粉迹法)下降至0.50%(夹日法)、1.61%(粉迹法)。提示本诱鼠剂作用强,组合毒饵灭效好,值得在灭鼠工作中推广。

Experimental Study on Acute Toxicity of Yusheng Xiaoyang Lotion in Mice

[Objective] This study was carried out to provide toxicological basic data for the development and research of Yushen Xiaoyang Lotion.[Method]SPF SD mice, half male and half female, were divided into a blank control group and a Yusheng Xiaoyang Lotion group randomly. The percutaneous acute toxicity of Yusheng Xiaoyang Lotion was observed by one time limited dose method, and ap-parent sign changes and death condition of mice after administration of the drug were recorded. After the test, all the animals were weighed and subjected to gross anatomy, and if there were abnormal phenomena, further histopathological examina-tion of should be done. Animals died during the test should be subjected to anato-my. [Result] All the mice survived and exhibited normal behavior,glossy hair and increase of body weight in accordance with growth law.No local and systematic toxicity responses on skin were observed. In visual observation after dissection, no pathologic changes on heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney were observed. There were no significant differences in body weight between the Yusheng Xiaoyang Lo-tion group and the blank control group before administration,the 7th d after adminis-tration and the 14th after administration （P〉0.05）. [Conclusion] In the transdermaldrug delivery acute toxicity test of Yusheng Xiaoyang Lotion on mice, no obvious toxic responses were observed under the total dose of 89.70 g/kg （equivalent to 120 times of the clinical daily dose for adults）.

Chronic Toxicity of a Novel Recombinant Human Granulocyte Colony-stimulating Factor in Rats

Objective To assess the severity and reversibility of the chronic toxicity of a novel recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSFa) in rats and the dose-effect relationship.Methods A total of 100 Sprague-Dawley rats (equal numbers of male and female) were randomly divided into five groups (20 rats in each group):four groups were treated with rhG-CSFa at 500,100,10,1 μg/kg,respectively,and one group was treated with vehicle only to serve as the control.The rats were received subcutaneous injections of rhG-CSFa or vehicle daily for 13 weeks.During the course of the chronic toxicity study,the physical status,body weight,and food consumption were monitored.Half of the rats in each group (n=10) were sacrificed after the last rhG-CSFa administration,and the other half were sacrificed at five weeks after the last rhG-CSFa administration.Urinalyses,blood biochemistry,hematological analysis,histopathological examination,and immunological tests were performed for each of the rats.Results The hematological analyses revealed that the mean white blood cells count,neutrophils count,and neutrophils percentage were increased in male rats at the dose of 10 μg/kg or higher,and these were related with the biological activity of rhG-CSFa.Some small abnormalities were observed in the spleen of a few rats when used highest dose (500 μg/kg,a dosage of 200 folds higher than the normal clinical dosage),but these abnormalities were recovered within 5-week recovery period.No other rhG-CSFa-related abnormalities were observed in this chronic toxicity study.Conclusion No significant toxicity and immunogenicity are observed with rhG-CSFa administration to rats in the chronic toxicity studies.

Repeated exposure to moxa-burning smoke: its acute and chronic toxicities in rats

OBJECTIVE： To assess toxicities of the air in Chinese medicine clinics polluted by moxa-burning smoke due to moxibustion-derived burning products （MBP）. METHODS： Both acute and chronic toxicity studies were conducted. For the acute toxicity study, five groups of Wistar rats （n = 16/group, male： female = 1 ： 1） were exposed to five different concentrations （95%, 90%, 85%, 80% and 75%, respectively） of MBP for 2 h. For the chronic toxicity study, another three groups of male rats （n = 21/group） were ex- posed to MBP in three concentrations （10%, 40% and 70%, respectively） and one control group ex- posed to clean air 20 min/d for 144 d. Routine ex- aminations were performed and analyzed by analy- sis of variance and dose-response relationship. RESULTS： In the acute toxicity study, the number of dead rats in the 95%, 90%, 85%, 80% and 75% groups were 16, 13, 7, 6 LDS0 of 86.274% after or and 3, respectively, with during the 2 h exposure. In the chronic toxicity study, MBP exposure induced a decline in activity of the rats. Rats in the 10% group showed no signs of toxicity, while those in the 40% MBP group showed toxicity effects on the body weights （P 〈 0.05） and lung. Rats in the 70% MBP group also presented with reversible damage in the blood coagulation system （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Exposure to 10% MBP, which is equivalent to 27.45 mg/m^3 was under the critical threshold for male rats＇safety. Exposure to MBP above that limit induced lung damage. MBP in clinics need to be reduced to a safe level with enhanced ventilation.

Effect of polydatin on phospholipase A_2 in lung tissues in rats with endotoxic shock

Objective: To study the effect of polydatin on p hospholipase A2 in lung tissues in rats with endotoxic shock. Methods: Thirty-two healthy male Wistar rats were employed in this study. A total of 8 rats received normal saline intravenously （control grou p）,8 rats received 10 mg/kg of endotoxin （endotoxic shock group）,8 rats re ceived 1 mg/kg of polydatin after endotoxin injection （polydatin treatment g roup）,and 8 rats received 1 mg/kg of polydatin （polydatin prevention group） 30 minutes before endotoxin injection. Mean arterial pressure was measured once hal f an hour. Lung tissues were collected 6 hours later. Phospholipase A2 activit y was measured with acid titration. The gene expression of secretory phospholipa se A2 type IIA was detected with reverse transcription polymerase chain reacti on. Meanwhile,the histological changes of the lungs among four groups were comp ared through microscopic examination.Results: Phospholipase A2 activity and the gene expression of secretory phospholipase A2 type IIA increased after endotoxin injection,but polydatin could inhibit these effects of endotoxin. Obvious morphological eviden ce could be found in the lung pathological sections and the protective effect of polydatin was most significant in the polydatin prevention group.Conclusions: Polydatin has prophylactic and therapeutic effects （the former is more distinct than the latter） on acutely injured lungs in rats with endotoxic shock and which suggests that polydatin may be a phospholipase A 2 inhibitor.