W-Ni-Fe复合氧化物粉末的还原工艺

利用两阶段还原法对W Ni Fe复合氧化物粉末进行还原,控制还原工艺的参数制得纳米级W Ni Fe复合粉末。采用XRD对粉末进行物相分析,并计算晶粒尺寸;采用高倍SEM观察粉末形貌;对复合粉末的费氏粒度、比表面面积、氧含量等进行测定与分析,研究还原温度和还原时间对粉末性能的影响。研究结果表明:当还原温度高于600℃时制得的复合粉末由W和(Ni,Fe)两相组成;粉末颗粒呈球形或近球形;还原温度和还原时间都对W Ni Fe复合粉末的性能有显著影响,当还原温度为700℃,还原时间为90min时,制备的颗粒为平均费氏粒度低于0.65μm,平均BET粒度小于100nm,晶粒粒径小于30nm,粉末氧含量小于0.23%的纳米级W Ni Fe复合粉末。

Low temperature solid-phase sintering of sintered metal fibrous media with high specific surface area

A procedure of low temperature solid-phase sintering（LTSS） was carried out to fabricate sintered metal fibrous media（SMFM） with high specific surface area.Stainless steel fibers which were produced by cutting process were first plated with a coarse copper coating layer by electroless plating process.A low-temperature sintering process was then completed at about 800 °C for 1 h under the protection of hydrogen atmosphere.The results show that a novel SMFM with complex surface morphology and high specific surface area（0.2 m2/g） can be obtained in this way.The effect of sintering temperature on the surface morphology and specific surface area of SMFM was studied by means of scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller.The damage of micro-structure during the sintering process mainly contributed to the loss of specific surface area of SMFM and the optimal sintering temperature was 800 °C.

Effect of Polyethylene Glycol on the Properties of γ-Al_2O_3 Formation by Polyaluminum Chloride

A polyaluminium chloride solution with high Al 13 content self-prepared was used as material for preparing the spherical γ-Al 2 O 3 by the sol-gel and oil-drop method. Polyethylene glycol with different molecular mass was used as surfactant to investigate the effect on property of γ-Al 2 O 3 . The physical property was characterized by 27 Al NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectra, X-ray diffraction, FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) and TG-DTA (thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis). The results showed that surface area, pore volume and pore size of γ-Al 2 O 3 all increased with the increase of polyethylene glycol molecular mass in the experimental research range, and polyethylene glycol 10000 was the most suitable pore forming additive. γ-Al 2 O 3 with surface area of 339 m 2 ·g 1 , pore volume of 0.59 cm 3 ·g 1 and pore diameter of 6.9 nm were obtained at 450 °C.

Decoupled drought responses of fine-root versus leaf acquisitive traits among six Prunus hybrids

Aims Predicting drought consequences on forests and fruit crop plantings requires improved understanding of drought responses of both leaf and fine-root resource acquisitive traits(specific leaf area—SLA,specific root surface area—SRA and specific root length—SRL).We hypothesize their responses are coordinated towards integrated plant resource conservation under severe drought.Methods We tested the hypothesis with a greenhouse-based drought experiment on saplings of six Prunus hybrids with a priori known contrasting drought sensitivity.Saplings were subjected to either control(100%field capacity)or severe drought stress treatment(33%evapotranspiration of hybrid-specific control plants).Sample collections were carried out at 30 and at 60 days after the start of treatments,for both control and stressed saplings.Important Findings No hybrid showed concurrent significant decrease of SLA and SRA(or SRL)under severe drought.The fine-root traits of the six hybrids showed two major drought-response scenarios,in particular:(i)increased root tissue density(RTD)and decreased average root diameter without significant change of SRL and(ii)increased RTD and decreased SRL without significant change of average root diameter.Drought responses of leaf gas exchange,SRA,SRL and RTD were closely correlated along a gradient towards resource conservation from control to drought-stressed plants in all hybrids,which was orthogonal to another gradient characterized by a hybrid-dependent decrease of SLA.These findings highlight(i)the multi-dimensionality of root-trait drought responses,(ii)the decoupling between leaf economics and leaf hydraulics and(iii)the covariation of leaf and root hydraulics in terms of trait drought responses.The study contributes to identifying the origin of the multi-dimensionality of root-trait drought response at intraspecific scale,and highlights differential drought–response combinations of leaf and fine-root traits among hybrids to survive under severe soil drought stress.