当前高等教育改革应重视的两个问题──对大学毕业生调查后的思考

本文通过对大学毕业生就业观的调查和比较研究，所得出的结论是：当前毕业生的主流思想是积极向上的。目前，高等教育中也存在着两个应重视的问题──专业过早确定和知识结构不合理，并对问题的成因进行了分析，提出了相应的对策。

Employability Skills Needed by Higher Vocational Education Graduates to Be Successful in the Workplace

The current issues in workforce development are on high competence not only in technical skills, but also in non-technical skills. The term of non-technical skills is also called as employability skills. The research with topic analysis and development ofemployability skills of polytechnic students aims to： describe supervisors＇ perceptions of the importance of the employability skills needed in the workplace; describe supervisors＇ perceptions of the students＇ level of competence at performing the employability skills; and find the attributes of employability skills that are need to prioritize for development. Research sample has been selected by using a stratified random sampling from the supervisor of last year students when they are on the job training in industry. Total 146 supervisors participated in this research. The Employability Skills Questionnaire with a five-point Liken scale was used to assess perceptions level of importance of identified employability skills and students＇ level of competence. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, means and standard deviations, and priority development analysis. Three main groups of the employability skills with highest important level are： workplace health and safety, self-management, and team working. Students have a high level of competence in occupational health and safety, self-management and learning skills. There are three attributes of employability skills in high priority category for developed： knowing the benefits of computer application programs are needed in the work, taking the initiative in organizing activities, and participating in learning activities to gain new experience.

后疫情时代财经类专业毕业生就业预期分析及应对举措

新冠疫情突如其来,就业市场可容纳性和可扩容性都一定程度缩减。财经类专业作为传统热门专业,同样面临新的就业形势。本研究通过对吉林省属某高校近三年,即2019至2021届财经类专业毕业生群体所做的调查,分析后疫情时代财经类专业毕业生在考研、出国、公务员考试等面就业预期的变化情况,分析后疫情时代到来对财经类专业毕业生就业预期的影响,提出对后疫情时代财经类专业毕业生就业的建议与对策。

Forecasting China's Labor Supply and Demand and the Unemployment Structure in the 13th Five-Year-Plan Period

The changes in labor supply and demand are important factors affecting economic growth.The purpose of this paper is to predict and analyze the trends in China's labor supply and demand during the 13 th Five-Year Plan period and the longer period in the future.The scale and structure of the annual new entrants of labor force are predicted by accounting the numbers who are leaving from various stages of education.while trends of labor demand are predicted according to employment elasticity from the experience of industrialization of developed countries. The results show that, during the 13 th FiveYear Plan period.the scale of the new added labor would decrease slightly, with an average annual increment of around 15.68 million. At the same time.labor demand would increase steadily, with annually 15.42 million employment opportunities. Labor supply and demand would be roughly balanced; however,there would be increasing structural contradictions of the labor market.Based on the analysis of labor supply and demand,we provide an estimation of the unemployment scale of the 40's and 50's generations,migrant workers and college graduates,and discuss policy suggestions on promoting employment of college graduates.

Reflections on Employment Problems of Local University Students

In recent years, how to solve employment problems of university graduates has become a hot topic in the whole society. This paper conducts in-depth discussion on employment problem of local university students, in the hope of promoting research in this hot issue.

Animation Undergraduate Course Personnel Training Mode of Innovative Research Colleges and Universities

Nowadays many colleges have opened the animation specialty.However, setting up colleges increasing Numbers represent only the surface of the stack, and the nature of the talent cultivation system structure.Lack of optimization training mode, curriculum system hasn＇t been established, and the required talent market imbalances, as non-existent, without water fish, animation talent will to die, animation industry will slump and slump, animation market will also be barren and desolate.From in-depth exploration on the teaching system and teaching methods, research, and discuss the best solution, it is necessary to explore the training mode for animation professional development. With animation professional rapid development, the number of students has ballooned, animation education in colleges and universities has become the main base of animation talent cultivation, will in the next few years as China＇s animation industry to develop a large number of high-quality talent.Many schools use the traditional teaching methods and teaching mode, the lack of systematic and innovation.This high-volume, homogeneity of animation education, bring extensive form -- the result of the students＇ professional skills in the face of employment when the choice is very single, many students just after finish this course will use software or it is an imitation of making a few small animation, creative and independent production does not have the ability of some animation short film, at the same time not good to achieve docking of shortage of the professional and market and can not adapt in the work.This will lead to the animation education market, the rapid expansion of saturation will endanger the whole animation industry market. But, in recent years, there is a seemingly contradictory phenomenon： on the one hand, find a job in a large number of animation in colleges and universities graduates appear difficult situation; The domestic animation companies, on the other hand, it is difficult to hire the best animation talent, animation professional obtain employment situation is very serious.For start animation professional colleges and universities, how to stay awake and calm in the boom, it is necessary for us to explore suitable for animation professional development model of education.

Reform and Innovation of Higher Graduation Comprehensive Practice Mode -- Take tourism English professional for example

In this paper, we take Tourism Vocational English for example, through the analysis of the problems and contradictions in vocational high school practice, around the vocational training objectives, make in-depth discussion of reform and innovation of graduation comprehensive practice mode from the overall design, stage promotion and process management.

Inquiring Into the Current Dilemma on the Employment for College Graduates

The difficulty in employment has become a serious social problem, which caused widespread concern of the government and society, it is because the system of the current economy cannot mix together organically with the cultivating form of talented person in the popular higher education. The employment post cannot satisfy the need of the talented person＇s production. The employing situation is getting worse gradually. How to find the realistic reasons and seek out a feasible way, and how to get rid of the current employment difficulties will become one of our major tasks. Through the investigation and analysis, we find out the mismatch on one-sided enrollment expansion of higher education with the economic system and the model of talent training. The prominent contradictions of the professional settings in universities with the marketing demands is the main reason of difficult employment. So, we think, in order to adjust the policies of enrollment and employment, perfecting market system, expanding employment channels, and improving the students＇ quality are the fundamental ways to solve the problem of employment. Solving the employment problem is the foundation of stable development of social economy. Through a lot of investigation and study, we have carried on the thorough analysis to solve the problems Thinking that we seek truth only from facts, especially knowing reality and admitting the reality, we could find the reasonable solution to resolve a series of problems in the process of popularization of higher education, and to promote the scientific development and progress of higher education and social economy

Talk about Graduate Student of educational teacher expanding the path of employment in the local comprehensive university - An example of Chinese Language and Literature in my school

With the increasing amount of college graduates every year, the employer needs structural contradiction, traditional college graduates employment difficulties. Chinese Language and Literature is as a strong tradition of employment facing unprecedented challenges. Based on the severe employment situation, Teacher Education in Local Comprehensive Universities need to start improving their own quality of graduates, and actively guide the graduates to change jobs ideas, updating the concept of employment, and use existing resources, and actively expand employment channels, and explore new ideas and open up new market, employment path is becoming more diverse to ensure employment stability and sustainable development.

Investigation and analysis of the job-hunting intentions and employment orientations of students majored in nursing

In recent years, China＇s employment problem of the college graduates has become a hot topic in the communities. Each year there are a large number of the graduating students, but few can find the job suitable for their own professional direction in colleges and universities. The employment problems have plagued the university graduates, and also have brought the unnecessary trouble to some students in the colleges. The college students have just entered the society, and they do not understand a lot of the social status very well, and have very little experience in the employment. In order to reduce the pressure of the employment of the university students, and help the graduate students bettor get employed, also to make the college students have a better planning for their future, in this paper, the author carried out the investigation and analysis of the job-hunting intentions and the employment orientations of the students majored in nursing, hoping to hclp the employment of the college students in some aspects, and do a good job in the planning of their career.

Employment and Performance of Agricultural Graduates： Who Are We Training for？

The fit-for purpose of agricultural graduates in the job market remains a challenge to agricultural training and education despite the active involvement of farmer organizations, non-governmental organizations （NGOs）, and agribusiness in the agriculture job market. This paper traces： （1） the employment of agricultural graduates in the last 10 years in Mali, Republic of Congo, Ghana, and the Gambia; and （2） through a case study, assesses the attitudinal and mindset change in the way research for development is conducted by research staff of the National Agricultural Research Institute （NARI） of the Gambia. Not surprisingly, the public sector consistently employed more agricultural graduates in all four countries. The next highest employer of agricultural graduates was the NGOs, followed by agribusiness. Positive attitudinal and mindset change among research staff and their collaborators in the Gambia was enhanced when collaborative learning and coaching and mentoring in managerial and financial skills enhancement complemented technical skills improvements. Employers indicated strong preference for graduates in agricultural engineering and farm machinery; agricultural economics with emphasis on farm management; innovation systems and value chains; and information communication technology including report writing. Farmers＇ organizations showed particular interest in interpersonal skills; participatory technology development and dissemination; and appreciation of socio-cultural contexts including farmer innovations. In Mali, Ghana and the Gambia, employers reported that 4%-14% of the agricultural graduates they hired were women.

Employment education research integrity of college sports majors

With the reform of the education system, the number of graduating students increases every year, and more and more severe graduate＇ s employment, while more and more companies are unable to recruit talent. Resulting in difficult employment graduates there are many factors, the most important manifestations of contemporary graduates questioned the integrity of most enterprises, improve the status of today＇ s society difficult employment, increase the employment rate of graduates realize their own values of contemporary college students, meet the vital interests of the family, so that our talents and educational resources are fully utilized, so as to promote the healthy development of social harmony and stability as well as higher education. Social harmony and stability as well as for the healthy development of higher education, the vital interests of the students themselves and their families realize the value and so have certain theoretical and practical significance.

Freshmen or Pre-graduates, Who Need More Attention？--Mental Health Changes From Chinese Freshmen to Pre-graduates

First year of college was found to be the most challenging and stressful year due to the transition from home to school and the adjustment to new life, however, others reported that pre-graduates suffered from more mental problems under the pressure of job-hunting and uncertainty of future. This study sought to examine mental health development measured with University Personality Inventory （UPI） among Chinese college students and its relationship with family factors （family income, family residence, and sibling status~） with a longitudinal design. Data of 390 Chinese college students were collected at their first and the third year of college period. The results showed that Chinese college students＇ overall mental health declined in the third year than in the first year. Urban students showed a more rapid increase in physical symptoms from the first year to the third year than rural students. The results indicated that psychological intervention should be extended to students facing graduation, especially those from urban area.

Will the Service Sector Promote China’s Long-Term Employment Growth?

The coexistence of the slowing-down economy and the buoyant employment market has been the pattern in China in recent years, and the service sector has played an important role in this regard. This paper uses empirical analysis to prove that the service sector has a long-term mechanism to promote employment growth： first, the verification of the Baumol-Fuchs hypothesis shows that the income elasticity of demand for services in China is greater than 1. As the current development of the services is lagging behind, this sector has great development potential. Second, the revised employment equation shows that the employment elasticity of the service sector is much higher than that of the industrial sector, and its employment adhesiveness is stronger as well. The employment of the service sector can not only create more jobs for the national economy, but also help stabilize the job market. The employment pressure in China is mainly caused by migrant workers and college graduates. To solve the employment problems of these two groups, China has to promote the development of traditional services and speed up the upgrading of emerging services at the same time, and should neglect neither. This paper provides recommendations accordingly.

Factors Affecting Employment for Engineering Higher Vocational College Students and Elimination of Countermeasures

Ministry of Education put forward to adhere to the employment-oriented development of higher vocational education. The key of Employment-oriented is to enhance and train Students＇ Employability and competitiveness. In this paper, the writer analyzed the vocational colleges engineering graduates employment status quo, investigated many unfavorable factors affecting the employment of graduates. Finally, the write strive to fred countermeasures come to reduce or eliminate the adverse factors. Current graduates＇ increasingly severe employment pressure situation and the analysis to guide and promote the employment of graduates of vocational college graduates have some practical significance.

Analysis and Countermeasures on Jilin Physical graduates＇ Internal Education Causes of employment difficulties

The main contents of this paper is a new trend of employment status and employment difficulties of professional sports graduates in Jilin, and analysis on Jilin Physical graduates＇ Internal Education Causes of employment difficulties ,and how to effectively promote employment of Jilin education and sports undergraduate and graduate and implement measures. In this paper, we use literature, interview survey method, to analyze five professional employment situations of the graduates （physical education major, professional sports training, human movement science, and social sports professional, traditional sports professional）. From this perspective of the internal education, employment difficulties of professional sports graduates are these ： the concept of employment is a direct factor behind their employment difficulties ; university entrepreneurship education are indirect factors behind Kyrgyzstan employment difficulties ; training model obsolete is the root cause of their difficulties in finding jobs; college enrollment in recent years is its employment difficulties catalyst. This article analyzes the employment situation relating to education, and proposed employment countenueasures which professional sports graduates adapt to, namely： to meet market demand, improve professional structural adjustment; establish the concept of occupation after the first job; establish their own businesses and Multiple Employment Awareness; create a ＂multi-skilltype＂ physical training model.

Industrial Design Graduates in the Nigerian Labour Market： Unemployed or Unemployable

The annual turnout of faculty graduates in Nigeria is not only increasing numerically but it is ironically, unemployed and other times unemployable. This assertion is supported by researches in the social sciences and reasons adduced to the trend range from lack of qualitative and unavailability of teaching and research facilities, as well as insufficient capable human resources among others. This paper x-rayed the case of Industrial Design graduates and their post training outcome, to understand whether or not graduates of Industrial Design are gainfully employed, unemployed, or unemployable; and why？ Research design used was survey, while the instrument administered on the sample size was structured questionnaire. Two hundred and thirty-three （233） students of Industrial Design constituted the sample size. The research questions were analyzed with the aid of Table of frequency distribution, while a non-parametric test by way of Friedman＇s two-way ANOVA was used to analyze the hypotheses. The outcome of the study revealed that, though the programme of Industrial Design is evolving as craft-based, it is viable. Graduates of the programme are not unemployable in the Nigerian labour market. Finally, the paper proffers solutions and recommendations in form of ideas and deductions to enhance the aim of the study.

Theoretical analysis of the use of modem human resource on employment predicament of college students

The problem is what plagued our society since the last decade as far as human resource allocation concerned. HR theory explains the phenomenon of Graduates Employment Dilemma and found a way to solve this problem, from theory and solution perspective. Maslow＇ s hierarchy of needs has some effect on students＇ employment. University Students should accelerate the transformation of the concept of employment, to accelerate the pace of structural adjustment, the implementation of the industrialization of education; Guide and encourage students to find a job by using two-factor theory; Make sure college students can stay in a dominant position in the intellectual property of human resource, in order to avoid structural unemployment, so as to make the most use of the students as valuable and effective human resources.

Research on Employment Data Mining for Higher Vocational Graduates

In order to make effective use a large amount of graduate data in colleges and universities that accumulate by teaching management of work, the paper study the data mining for higher vocational graduates database using the data mining technology. Using a variety of data preprocessing methods for the original data, and the paper put forward to mining algorithm based on commonly association rule Apriori algorithm, then according to the actual needs of the design and implementation of association rule mining system, has been beneficial to the employment guidance of college teaching management decision and graduates of the mining results.

Occupational Competencies Required by Secondary School Graduates in Palm Wine Tapping for Sustainable Income in Enugu State, Nigeria

The study focused on occupational competencies required by secondary school graduates in palm wine tapping for sustainable income in Enugu State. Four research questions guided the study. Survey research design was adopted. It was carried out in Enugu State. The population for the study was 2,781 registered palm wine tappers. The sample for study was 556 （10%） of palm wine tappers. A random sampling technique was used for the study. A 49 structured competency item questionnaire was used for data collection. Three experts validated the instrument. Cronbach Alphal reliability method was used to determine the internal consistency of the instrument. A reliability coefficient of 0.98 was obtained. 556 copies of the questionnaire were administered to the respondents 541 copies were retrieved and analyzed using mean and standard deviation. The result revealed that 48 competencies were required by secondary school graduates in palm wine tapping occupation for sustainable income in Enugu State. Recommendation was made based on the findings of the study.