为探明在日光温室内不同的覆膜方式、毛管密度、灌水下限等农艺措施对甜瓜生长及产量的影响,采用正交试验设计,研究了不同的覆膜方式(全覆膜、半覆膜、无膜)、滴灌毛管密度(1管1行、3管4行、1管2行)和灌水下限(田间持水量的60%、70%、8...为探明在日光温室内不同的覆膜方式、毛管密度、灌水下限等农艺措施对甜瓜生长及产量的影响,采用正交试验设计,研究了不同的覆膜方式(全覆膜、半覆膜、无膜)、滴灌毛管密度(1管1行、3管4行、1管2行)和灌水下限(田间持水量的60%、70%、80%)组合对日光温室甜瓜的植株生长、光合效率、生物量、产量和水分利用效率等的影响,分析了甜瓜产量与植株生长、光合效率、生物量等的关系。结果表明,半膜覆盖的根区土壤温度较高、水分分布更均匀,其叶面积指数、根鲜质量、根冠比等指标优于全膜和无膜处理,土壤脲酶、磷酸酶活性等也显著高于全膜和无膜处理,提高了甜瓜的生物量和产量及水分利用效率。毛管密度对甜瓜生长与产量具有显著影响,3管4行的植株鲜质量和植株干质量等均低于1管1行和1管2行处理,但茎粗、根鲜质量、根冠比等高于其他两个处理。3管4行模式有利于作物吸收更多的养分和水分,光合产物更多地向果实分配,产量比1管1行和1管2行分别提高了8.56%和3.37%,其水分利用效率也最高。灌水下限是影响甜瓜生长和产量的重要因素,与田间持水量的60%和80%比较,灌水下限为田间持水量的70%时,植株平衡生长,产量比60%时和80%时分别提高了22.58%和2.42%。全膜、半膜覆盖的水分利用效率(Irrigation water use efficiency,IWUE)分别比无膜高57.21%、56.41%,3管4行的IWUE分别比管1行和1管2行高3.54%和0.80%,灌水下限70%田间持水量的IWUE比80%时高58.46%。根据试验结果,建议日光温室的甜瓜栽培宜采用半膜覆盖,3管4行和70%田间持水量组合。展开更多
Densities and viscosities were measured as a function of composition for binary liquid mixture of diethylerie glycol monoethyl ether [CH3CH2O（CH2）2O（CH2）2OH] ＋ water from 293.15 to 333.15 K at atmospheric pressur...Densities and viscosities were measured as a function of composition for binary liquid mixture of diethylerie glycol monoethyl ether [CH3CH2O（CH2）2O（CH2）2OH] ＋ water from 293.15 to 333.15 K at atmospheric pressure, with a capillary pycnometer and Ubbelohde capillary viscometer respectively. From the experimental data, the excess molar volume V^E, viscosity deviation △η, and the excess energy of activation for viscous flow △G^＊E were calculated. These data were correlated by the Redlich-Kister type equations to obtain the coefficients and standard deviations. The results showed a strong molecular interaction between diethylene glycol monoethyl ether and water.展开更多
文摘为探明在日光温室内不同的覆膜方式、毛管密度、灌水下限等农艺措施对甜瓜生长及产量的影响,采用正交试验设计,研究了不同的覆膜方式(全覆膜、半覆膜、无膜)、滴灌毛管密度(1管1行、3管4行、1管2行)和灌水下限(田间持水量的60%、70%、80%)组合对日光温室甜瓜的植株生长、光合效率、生物量、产量和水分利用效率等的影响,分析了甜瓜产量与植株生长、光合效率、生物量等的关系。结果表明,半膜覆盖的根区土壤温度较高、水分分布更均匀,其叶面积指数、根鲜质量、根冠比等指标优于全膜和无膜处理,土壤脲酶、磷酸酶活性等也显著高于全膜和无膜处理,提高了甜瓜的生物量和产量及水分利用效率。毛管密度对甜瓜生长与产量具有显著影响,3管4行的植株鲜质量和植株干质量等均低于1管1行和1管2行处理,但茎粗、根鲜质量、根冠比等高于其他两个处理。3管4行模式有利于作物吸收更多的养分和水分,光合产物更多地向果实分配,产量比1管1行和1管2行分别提高了8.56%和3.37%,其水分利用效率也最高。灌水下限是影响甜瓜生长和产量的重要因素,与田间持水量的60%和80%比较,灌水下限为田间持水量的70%时,植株平衡生长,产量比60%时和80%时分别提高了22.58%和2.42%。全膜、半膜覆盖的水分利用效率(Irrigation water use efficiency,IWUE)分别比无膜高57.21%、56.41%,3管4行的IWUE分别比管1行和1管2行高3.54%和0.80%,灌水下限70%田间持水量的IWUE比80%时高58.46%。根据试验结果,建议日光温室的甜瓜栽培宜采用半膜覆盖,3管4行和70%田间持水量组合。
文摘Densities and viscosities were measured as a function of composition for binary liquid mixture of diethylerie glycol monoethyl ether [CH3CH2O（CH2）2O（CH2）2OH] ＋ water from 293.15 to 333.15 K at atmospheric pressure, with a capillary pycnometer and Ubbelohde capillary viscometer respectively. From the experimental data, the excess molar volume V^E, viscosity deviation △η, and the excess energy of activation for viscous flow △G^＊E were calculated. These data were correlated by the Redlich-Kister type equations to obtain the coefficients and standard deviations. The results showed a strong molecular interaction between diethylene glycol monoethyl ether and water.
