The histology of the body wall of the fish parasitic leech, Cystibranchus masstacembeli Rahemo, 1989 collected from freshwater eel, Mastacembelus simach was investigated. The body wall found consists of five layers, n...The histology of the body wall of the fish parasitic leech, Cystibranchus masstacembeli Rahemo, 1989 collected from freshwater eel, Mastacembelus simach was investigated. The body wall found consists of five layers, namely： cuticle, epidermis, dennis, muscle layer and botryoidal tissue. Cuticle is very thin layer, casting was evident in some sections, annulation was also seen in longitudinal sections, some time with sensory structures inside the crypts. Epidermis with hammer-shaped ceils, these cells are broad towards the outer and narrower towards their inner ends. In some sections intensively stained haematoxylin-eosin granules from which neck-like tubes leads with filiform projections outward to open to the exterior by minute apertures. Dermis is thicker than epidermis, with distinct large cells connected by a connective tissue and some muscle fibers, also large vacuoles or empty vesicles were detected which are haemocoelomic capillaries, which along with those situated in the epidermis make a respiratory membrane of this leech. Muscle layer consists of outer circular and inner longitudinal, the later is more abundant and occupies more space than the circular. Botryoidal tissue fills the spaces between body wall and inner intestinal or crop diverticulae, its tissue is composed of more or less rounded cells, more eosinophilic cytoplasm but with dark nuclei, intermingled with small oblique or radial muscle fibers, haemocoelomic spaces were also evident in this layer.展开更多
Resource sharing among connected ramets(i.e.clonal integration)is one of the distinct traits of clonal plants.Clonal integration confers Moso bamboo(Phyllostachys pubescens)a strong adaptability to different environme...Resource sharing among connected ramets(i.e.clonal integration)is one of the distinct traits of clonal plants.Clonal integration confers Moso bamboo(Phyllostachys pubescens)a strong adaptability to different environmental conditions.But the mechanisms of how clonal integration makes Moso bamboo has better performance are still poorly understood.In this study,acropetal and basipetal translocation of photosynthates between Moso bamboo ramets were analyzed separately to investigate how clonal fragments obtain higher benefits under heterogeneous N conditions.Clonal fragments of Moso bamboo consisting of two interconnected mother–daughter ramets were used,each of the ramets was subjected to either with or without N addition.The acropetal and basipetal translocation of ^(13)C-photosynthates was separated via single-ramet ^(13)C-CO_(2)-labeling.Mother ramets translocated more ^(13)C-photosynthates to daughter ramets with N addition,and the translocation of ^(13)C-photosynthates to mother ramets was more pronounced when daughter ramets were treated with N addition.The ^(13)C-photosynthates that were translocated from mother ramets without and with N addition were mainly invested in the leaves and roots of daughter ramets with N addition,from daughter ramets with N addition were mainly invested in the leaves and roots of mother ramets with and without N addition,respectively.These results suggest that mother ramets preferentially invest more resources in nutrient-rich daughter ramets,and that daughter ramets serve as efficient resource acquisition sites to specialize in acquiring abundant resources based on the resource conditions of mother ramets.Clonal plants can improve their resource acquisition efficiency and maximize the overall performance in this way.展开更多
文摘The histology of the body wall of the fish parasitic leech, Cystibranchus masstacembeli Rahemo, 1989 collected from freshwater eel, Mastacembelus simach was investigated. The body wall found consists of five layers, namely： cuticle, epidermis, dennis, muscle layer and botryoidal tissue. Cuticle is very thin layer, casting was evident in some sections, annulation was also seen in longitudinal sections, some time with sensory structures inside the crypts. Epidermis with hammer-shaped ceils, these cells are broad towards the outer and narrower towards their inner ends. In some sections intensively stained haematoxylin-eosin granules from which neck-like tubes leads with filiform projections outward to open to the exterior by minute apertures. Dermis is thicker than epidermis, with distinct large cells connected by a connective tissue and some muscle fibers, also large vacuoles or empty vesicles were detected which are haemocoelomic capillaries, which along with those situated in the epidermis make a respiratory membrane of this leech. Muscle layer consists of outer circular and inner longitudinal, the later is more abundant and occupies more space than the circular. Botryoidal tissue fills the spaces between body wall and inner intestinal or crop diverticulae, its tissue is composed of more or less rounded cells, more eosinophilic cytoplasm but with dark nuclei, intermingled with small oblique or radial muscle fibers, haemocoelomic spaces were also evident in this layer.
基金funded by the Fundamental Research Funds for ICBR(1632019006,1632018004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31930078,31971461,31670450)the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFD060010402,2018YFC0507301).
文摘Resource sharing among connected ramets(i.e.clonal integration)is one of the distinct traits of clonal plants.Clonal integration confers Moso bamboo(Phyllostachys pubescens)a strong adaptability to different environmental conditions.But the mechanisms of how clonal integration makes Moso bamboo has better performance are still poorly understood.In this study,acropetal and basipetal translocation of photosynthates between Moso bamboo ramets were analyzed separately to investigate how clonal fragments obtain higher benefits under heterogeneous N conditions.Clonal fragments of Moso bamboo consisting of two interconnected mother–daughter ramets were used,each of the ramets was subjected to either with or without N addition.The acropetal and basipetal translocation of ^(13)C-photosynthates was separated via single-ramet ^(13)C-CO_(2)-labeling.Mother ramets translocated more ^(13)C-photosynthates to daughter ramets with N addition,and the translocation of ^(13)C-photosynthates to mother ramets was more pronounced when daughter ramets were treated with N addition.The ^(13)C-photosynthates that were translocated from mother ramets without and with N addition were mainly invested in the leaves and roots of daughter ramets with N addition,from daughter ramets with N addition were mainly invested in the leaves and roots of mother ramets with and without N addition,respectively.These results suggest that mother ramets preferentially invest more resources in nutrient-rich daughter ramets,and that daughter ramets serve as efficient resource acquisition sites to specialize in acquiring abundant resources based on the resource conditions of mother ramets.Clonal plants can improve their resource acquisition efficiency and maximize the overall performance in this way.
