为争取人民的宪法和民主权利而斗争

这是吴玉章同志一九四〇年二月二十三日在延安马列学院作的演讲，由省委党史工委《吴玉章传》写作组根据当时听讲的人记录整理。标题是写作组加的。民主，自由、宪政都是有阶级性的。只有有阶级的民主、自由、宪政，没有绝对的“纯粹”的民主、自由，宪政。抗日战争时期，吴老在这篇演讲中深刻揭露了当时国民党一党专政的实质，开展了向国民党争取民主自由权利的斗争，促进了宪政运动。昊老的讲活育重要的文献意义。中华人民共和国建立以后，需要实行充分的社会主义民主，以巩固人民民主专政，加强社会主义物质文明和精神文明建设，发挥社会主义剞度的优越性。当前重温吴老的这个讲活，也有其重要现实意义。

浅谈新闻真相与公众知情权的维护

知情权是公民有了解事实真相和获得全面、真实与客观信息的权利,即分享信息资源的权利。它是宪法规定的基本权利,是公民行使一切民主自由权利的基本前提。如果一些新闻媒体面对突发事件集体“失语”、新闻监督变成监督新闻、新闻倾向于只报喜不报忧、甚至个别不良记者直接炮制假新闻等,就会直接造成群众不能及时了解新闻真相,知情权被人为剥夺。新形势下如何维护和捍卫公众知情权应引起我们深层次的思考。

美国联邦宪法权利法案述论

本文介绍和评论了美国联邦宪法“权利法案”的制订、内容、历史功绩及其思想缺陷,指出“权利法案”的核心内容是保障人民的民主自由权、人身自由权以及其他保留权利。“权利法案”第一次以全国性宪法形式确认这些权利,使之成为公民基本权利。它是继《独立宣言》之后,近代政治思想和法律思想发展史上的又一里程碑式文献。

Liberals, Communitarians, Republicans and the Intervention of the State in the Private Sphere

The aim of this paper is to discuss whether the increasing intervention of the state in the private sphere-as is evidenced in labor laws, consumer rights, bioethics, and Internet crimes-is compatible with the liberal ideal of neutrality, or, on the contrary, whether it can be seen as a turning point towards the position of communitarian or republican authors, for whom the state must endorse a substantive good. Such a turning point could lead to a reformulation of the public and private spheres, and of course, raise questions over which values justify which kinds of intervention. This paper will cover these debates in three parts： First, by presenting briefly the history of the liberal conception of rights, I will try to show that, from a starting point based mostly on individual protection, the liberal tradition has become more interventionist, which can be seen through the notion of ＂claim rights.＂ Departing from John Rawls＇s work, I will argue that this notion allows for some level of intervention, without betraying liberal neutrality. Subsequently, I will discuss the difference between this kind of intervention and the ones proclaimed by communitarians and republicans authors： The former will be illustrated by Michael Sandel＇s criticism of Rawls in Liberalism and the Limits of Justice, and the later by Richard Dagger＇s position in Civic Virtues, Citizenship, and Republican Liberalism. Finally, in the third part, we＇ll discuss whether liberal principles can be harmonized with the republican and communitarian focus on civic virtues and good life.

麦克阿瑟书信与日本劳资关系的重组

一、“二·一大罢工”与“麦卡特声明” 美国占领日本初期，对日政策目标是消除军国主义因素在日本各领域的影响，建立资产阶级民主秩序。劳动改革方面，占领当局认为“劳工运动的发展和劳动基本权利的保护是使日本走向民主化的先决手段，劳动者及其团体是防止专制政府死灰复燃的最有力的壁垒”。因此而制定的1945年《劳动组合法》等民主化劳动法规，赋予包括公务员在内的全体劳动者广泛的民主自由权利，极大地推动了劳动者参与企业生产管理的经营民主化运动。