云南民族地区生态—文化研究的理论基础

生态多样性与文化多样性之间的密切关联是云南民族文化的一个显著特征。运用文化 解释中的生态观点作为实证研究的指导原则,不仅有助于描述云南生态—文化的模式和类型,而且有可 能通过云南经验建构一种生态哲学的理论视角和价值前提。

Chinese-to-English Translation of Publicity on Chinese Minority Culture： Discourse Ideology and Translation Strategies

Discourse ideology refers to the position, attitude and guideline employed by a writer or speaker constructing a discourse in relation to the readers/hearers. This paper defines the notion of discourse ideology in the practice of translation, highlights the relationship between discourse ideology and the translator＇s subjectivity, and illustrates the translation strategies appropriate to the context of publicity of Chinese minority culture to the readers outside China. A tentative conclusion is drawn that the top-down approach from discourse ideology to translation strategies and the bottom-up approach from translation strategies to discourse ideology complement with each other in the Chinese-to-English translation of publicity on Chinese minority culture.

Sino-Western Regional Differences and Translation

Cultuare difference always exists in many aspects. Due to the national characters, regionalism, and times, translation can not be in a position when we try to translate without considering the language culture. Cultural difference between English and Chinese, determines the different features between English and Chinese.

Nomenclature for lunar features at the Chang＇e-3 landing site

Nomenclatures for lunar features always accompany the progresses of human lunar exploration,which has an important dual meaning in culture and science. The naming of lunar features not only can commemorate the outstanding contributions of academics,masters in various fields, and popularize the traditional cultures of ethnic groups all over the world, but also have a critical function of providing accurate indicative information on features with special morphology, origin, nature and scientific value. However, nomenclature for features at the Chang'e-3 landing site, which has a more arbitrary form without many constrains posed by a uniformed system, is unlike the features for other morphological units.This paper originated from the actual needs for the description of scientific exploration activities, interpretation of scientific research and dissemination of scientific results. Some prominent morphological units with great scientific importance and identification purpose were chosen from the images taken by the terrain camera, panorama cameras and landing camera onboard the Chang'e lander and Yutu rover. A nomenclature system was established under the three enclosures, four quadrants and twenty-eight lunar lodges' system of the Chinese ancient sky division method. Finally, a standard feature names set waspublished after some necessary approval procedures by the International Astronomical Union.

Packaging design under Traditional Cultural Perspective --cultural wedding gifts in China

Chinese traditional culture is a valuable asset, and we must continue to inherit and carry forward the fine traditional culture of the Chinese nation. This paper discusses the impact of packaging design in aspects of colors, graphics, materials, one by one. Color is the most direct visual language, giving a deep impression. The use of traditional patterns can reflect the national spirit and national culture. People can also generate intimacy, affecting the consumer＇ s desire to purchase. The national characteristic of the goods has a strong aesthetic characteristic, can reflect national pride. Traditional culture input a lot of fresh blood into China＇ s packaging design, with the combination of modem packaging. China＇ s Marriage is formed in a long historical and cultural heritage of the Chinese nation; its source can be traced back several hundred thousand years ago. But the wedding industry rises in recent decades, with the rapid social development of new era, commercial activities have become increasingly frequent, wedding gift packaging design requirements have been increased from the basic material needs to spiritual needs. I think if the wedding gift wrapping design wants to be competitive on the market; it needs to create a new personal design philosophy.

Research on the Relationship of Cross-Cultural Context and English Teaching from the Perspective of the Development of Linguistics and Pedagogy： A Theoretical Review

In this paper, we conduct theoretical review on the relationship of cross-cultural context and the English teaching from the perspective of the development of linguistics and pedagogy. To learn a foreign language is mainly used for the purpose of intercultural communication and successful communication depends on not only good language structure knowledge depends on understanding and grasp of the cultural context in communication. Diversified teaching mode should be designed according to different teaching goal. Teachers should according to the actual circumstance of various other class teaching, planning and design to reflect the personalized teaching. The words carry each other＇ s national culture information and reflect the national mentality of the humanities, represent the cultural background of different languages which have distinct and unique ethnic characteristics.

Great Powers and Albanian National Movement （1878-1914）

The history of the Albanian national movement is closely connected with two key factors： internal development in the Albanian-populated areas in the Balkans as well as politics of the Great Powers. Berlin Congress of 1878 totally neglected interests of the Albanians. Subsequently, Treaty of Berlin became the starting point for creation of the Albanian League of Prizren （1878-1881） as well as future development of the Albanian national movement. Russia as well as other Great Powers played a controversial role in that context.

Backed-up or Bound： Youths in US Chinatowns in Ethnic Literature and in Reality

Targeting the youth group of the American Chinatowns, this paper attempts to explore the continuous interactions of the people and the community on each other. As a result of combined impact of the immigration history of Chinese Americans and the unfolding political and economical reality, a complicated relationship has developed between the growing Chinese immigrants and the Chinatown where they happen to inhabit and influence. Literature and history have captured the interesting development in their specific perspectives and paradigms, between whom the comparison is creatively presented. The great process of modern urbanization of American cities since the 1950s is given serious highlight in shaping the small community as well as the large one. The authors invite further argument on whether the youths are cushioned or bound by the traditional physical and cultural environment, or they bring change to the community in return at the end of the paper. It is suggested that they mature into a beautiful compromise and pride on creating the immigrant legacy characteristic of the great country.

Marie Corelli＇s The Secret Power in Bengali Rendering： Translation, Indianisation and Cultural Criss-crossing

Since the 1980s and 1980s, a new trend in the discipline of Translation Studies has emerged beyond the boundaries of Europe. Scholars from post-colonial nations like Canada, India, China, Africa, and Latin America have argued that translation was used in the past as a means of depriving the colonised people of their voice. In the colonial structure, the hegemonic culture used to dominate, making the others subservient. Translation in the colonial period reflected that hierarchy. In this light, decades after the independence of India, translation from a reverse direction, that is, rendering popular English texts in minority languages, may be seen as a process of＂writing back＂. Even if the original text concerned is not a ＂political＂ writing, and the translation is apparently meant for ＂safer-zones＂ such as ＂young students＇ literature＂, a tendency of claiming cultural equality, overlapping the translator＇s own cultural and literary heritage with the original author＇s, can be discovered. This paper attempts to focus on these issues in a particular text—the 1995 Bengali translation of Marie Corelli＇s 1921 science-fiction, The Secret Power. The purpose of this paper is to explore how Sudhindranath Raha has intermingled Biblical references and Western contexts with allusions to Indian culture and Sanskrit literature, thereby claiming a space for mutual understanding and respect between two cultures.

National Idemity, Territoriality, and Conflict： Analyzing the Ethno-Territorial Conflict of Nagorno-Karabakh in the Soviet Era

This article attempts to analyze the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict between the Armenians and Azerbaijanis by focusing on place and territory as two key subjective components of national identity. Place and territory are also crucial from cultural perspective because they enable communities to express their identity in a cultural landscape. Control of the territory of Nagorno-Karabakh was essential to express territoriality that is to protect language and identity. In addition, the article examines the exclusionary treatment of Karabakh Armenians by Azerbaijan and discrimination against them as the cause of the conflict and its intensity. The article also focuses on the desire for political self-rule as a necessary condition for nationhood.

构建不同于西方诠释学的新诠释学

西方诠释学是一个以德国诠释学传统为主体的大理论系列。纵观这一大系统的发展,自伽达默尔的本体论转向以来,有一个总的趋势即越益主观化。因而,一个关于诠释学或曰阐释学的新思路的提出,就十分需要并极为重要。西方诠释学是以阅读活动或阅读行为为其研究对象的;作为中国20世纪新时期文学史革新的方法论的诠释理论,则是立足于文学史研究之上的,因而是一种不同于西方诠释学的新诠释学。要而言之,其内容除了历史真实的两重性存在原理、逼近原生状态的认知目标以及原生态式的把握方式这三项外,还有与解释的循环密切关联的整体性原则、从民族文化—心理动态的建构过程上来把握文学史的进程以及从世代传播与社会性整合上着眼的"读解"概念。新诠释学具有一系列西方诠释学所不具备的概念与命题,并能够解决西方诠释学中存在的许多难题与矛盾。

Livelihood changes and evolution of upland ethnic communities driven by tourism:a case study in Guizhou Province,southwest China

As an effective livelihood approach to alleviate poverty without rural population migration, ethnic tourism has become the primary choice of economic development in ethnic areas worldwide in addition to traditional livelihood approaches. This article applies the theories of livelihood to study the community evolution driven by tourism livelihood and examine three mountainous tourism communities in different stages of tourist area life cycle. Drawing on the methods of GIS spatial analysis, semi-structured interviews and questionnaires, this article proposes a sustainable livelihood framework for ethnic tourism to explore the evolution of ethnic tourism communities by identifying changes in livelihood assets(natural, financial, social, cultural and human capitals) in the process of tourism development. The results show that the development of ethnic tourism has led to changes in the increase of building land, and the diversification of land use functions with a trend of shifting from meeting local villagers' living needs to satisfying tourists, income composition and uneven distribution of tourism income spatially. Ethnic tourism also led to the deterioration of traditional social management structure, collapse of neighboring relationship, the over- commercialization and staged authenticity of ethnic culture, as well as the gradual vanish of agricultural knowledge with a trend of increasing modern business knowledge and higher education. In addition, these changes, involving livelihood assets from natural, economic, human, social and cultural aspects are interrelated and interactive, which form new evolution characters of ethnic community. This study reveals the conflicts over livelihood approaches which have formed new vulnerabilities to impact on sustainable evolution of ethnic communities. This research provides implications for achieving the sustainable development of ethnic communities with the driving force of tourism livelihood.

Relationship between the development of ethnic tourism and the protection for regional culture:a case study of Tuwa people

The innocent Tuwa people live in Kanas Lake, a world famous national reserve in northern Xinjiang. With therapid development of tourism today, Tuwa people are finally involved in tourism industry. The development of tourismis a two-edged sword. On the one hand, it boosts the revival of Tuwa culture, provides a large number of employmentopportunities and cross-cultural exchanges, and improves material welfare for Tuwa people. On the other hand, somedisadvantages have also resulted from tourism development, such as the unauthentic exhibition of Tuwa culture, limitedtourists, Tuwa group interaction, and limited material improvement for the Tuwa, etc. This paper takes Tuwa people asa case, illustrates the types, characteristics and the conditions for the development of Tuwa culture, explores the advan-tages and disadvantages resulting from the development of folk-custom tourism industry and then puts forwardsrecommendations on the protection for local cultures as follows: (1) attach great importance to Tuwa culture in thetourism development of Kanas Lake Visitor Attraction; (2) construct the aboriginal village with the consciousness ofprotection; (3) remove the Tuwa village; (4) consummate the management mode and let Tuwa people really benefit fromtourism; (5) restrict the grazing in the scenic spots and protect natural grassland; (6) promote Tuwa people’s ability ofself-supervision and self-management; (7) exhibit Tuwa culture authentically.

Research on the Development of Daur Ethnic Education under the Influence of Big Data

In this paper, we conduct research on the development of Daur ethnic education under the influence of big data. Life in the river valley of Daur ethnic which is a nationality has a long history, splendid culture and the national spirit of national self-confidence, the foundation of national culture has a strong self-confidence. Combining the concept of big data and data analysis technique to the Daur ethnic education will largely enhance the result of the current education pattern. The survey of the research indicated that we should pay attention to the precious data captured.

Spices and Food Culture in Native Minorities of Dehong

Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture is located in western Yunnan.Due to special natural environment and multi-ethic settlement,the unique cultural environment and folk customs have been formed in this area.This paper investigated on and collated the traditional cultures and edible spices in native minorities of Dehong.In addition,the special spices those form the special flavor and their application in food with ethic characteristics were proposed.

Chinese Contemporary Art Design from the Perspective of National Culture

The progress of social economy drives the progress of humanity art. Due to historical condition reason, the pace of art design development in China is late. Since the reform and opening up, the art design obtains a long-term development in China. In order to adapt to the trend of world economy integration, all aspects of art design fields in China are learning from the foreign countries, however, it is hard to have a breakthrough creation in itself, and it lacks of domestic art design ＂localization＂ , which can not fully reflect the national culture and national elements. At the same time, the self-innovation power is weak, and the creation ability is insufficient, which also restricts the independent development of art design field to a higher level in China. The art design, as a comprehensive subject, is affected by many factors of society, science and technology and market for its own improvement. This paper mainly discusses from national culture level for art design, thinking that if the art design in China wants to develop higher, it needs to be based on the national culture and profound cultural base, constructing the art design products with Chinese national styles.

Progress in Enclave Tourism Study of Overseas:A Literature Review

In response to the "isolated island" phenomenon emerging from the development of tourist resorts in China, this paper reviews the study of enclave tourism overseas, which has similar features to the resort "island". Based on the literatures related to enclave tourism from Tourism Management and Annals of Tourism Research, this paper reviews the study of enclave tour- ism from the following aspects: definition discussion, theories used, causation of enclaves, characteristics and impacts of enclave tourism. The understanding of the overseas researches on enclave tourism would provide instructions for the study on the problems of Chinese resorts, such as enclavity and "island effects", and suggest measures for the sustainable development of resorts in China. This paper is divided into three sections. Section 1 briefly introduces the development of enclave tourism in developing countries and the outline of enclave tourism study. Section 2 elaborates on the contents of enclave tourism research and gives deep insights into the study on concepts, characteristics, causations and effects respectively, which is the key part of this paper; Section 3 concludes the review and proposes suggestions for the enclave tourism study in China.

Ethnomedicine: fading or flowering? ——Heritage and development of Dai Medicine

Ethnomedicine is an important component of ethnic culture, and a part of traditional medicine in China. We undertook great considerations and in-depth investigations of Dai Medicine, as well as analyses of its basic concepts, current situations, and interrelations with Traditional Chinese Medicine. The issues regarding Dai Medicine's heritage and development are also discussed.

Study of the Relationship Between the Organizational Climate and the Campus Ethical Issues of Universities across the Taiwan Strait

The study applied the approach of empirical studies to select 176 teachers in 9 universities in Taiwan and Inland in China to deliver questionnaires. The study intended to explore the influence of organizational climate on campus ethics and its diversity between the universities across the Taiwan strait. The study explored that the organizational climate in the universities across the Strait was not ethically high. Yet, the universities in Inland emphasized more on campus restraint in teachers behavior, job performance and their sense of belonging to the school.The study result demonstrated that improving leadership of the universities could enhance teachers identification with their schools and could promote the level of campus across the Strait.