Determination of β-sitosterol Content in Ethnodrug Guoshangye

[Objective] The contents of β-sitosteml in Guoshangye from different habi- tats were determined. [Metlmd] UPLC-ELSD was adopted to determine the contents of β-sitosteml in Guoshangye from different habitats, in which BEH C18 column （2.1 mmx50 ram, 1,7 urn） was used with a mobile phase of methanol-water at a flow rate was of 0.3 ml/min, and the column temperature was of 30 ℃; and an evaporative light-scattering detector was used, the temperature in drift tube was of 90 ℃ and the pressure of N2 was of 20 psi. [Concludoa] This research provided theoretical foundation for the determination of β-sitosterol in Ethnodrug Guoshangye.

如何推进矿务公开管理工作浅论

推行矿务公开,是拓宽广大职工民主参与、民主管理、民主监督的途径;有效规范了企业领导班子尤其是主要领导的决策行为和从政行为;纠正了企业管理体制和制度存在的弊端,实现了企业的科学有效管理,促进了企业的良性发展。

Diagnostic accuracy of tests for Helicobacter pylori in an Alaska Native population

AIM： TO evaluate the accuracy of two non-invasive tests in a population of Alaska Native persons. High rates of Helicobacter pylori （H. pylon] infection, H. pyIori treatment failure, and gastric cancer in this population necessitate documentation of infection status at multiple time points over a patient＇s life.urease test, 13C urea breath test （UBT）, and immunoglobulin G antibodies to H. pylori in serum. The performances of 13C-UBT and antibody test were compared to a gold standard defined by a positive H. pylori test by culture or, in case of a negative culture result, by positive histology and a positive rapid urease test.RESULTS： The sensitivity and specificity of the 13C- UBT were 93% and 88%, respectively, relative to the gold standard. The antibody test had an equivalent sensitivity of 93% with a reduced specificity of 68%. The false positive results for the antibody test were associated with previous treatment for an H. pylorlinfection [relative risk （RR） = 2.8]. High levels of antibodies to H. py/or/were associated with chronic gastritis and male gender, while high scores in the 13C-UBT test were associated with older age and with theH. pylori bacteria load on histological examination （RR = 4.4）. CONCLUSION： The 13C-UBT outperformed the antibody test for H. pylori and could be used when a noninvasive test is clinically necessary to document treatment outcome or when monitoring for reinfection.

Measurement of Technical, AIIocative and Economic Efficiency of Tomato Farms in Northern Pakistan

The study measures productive efficiency of tomato growers in village Akbarpura of Disctrict Nowshera in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa （KPK） province of Northern Pakistan. The study uses household level data collected in summer 2010 from sample farmers selected by multi-staged sampling. The study uses a theoretical framework to measure productive efficiency and estimates the Cobb-Douglas frontier production and cost models. The study found that technical efficiency indices varied significantly, with technical efficiency index averaging at 65%. The indices of allocative efficiency also varied widely, with an average of 56%. There was a wide gap between the highest and lowest economic efficiency indices, with a mean economic efficiency of 35%. The study concluded that farmer education, extension visits, age and access to credit contributed significantly and positively to productive efficiencies. A policy implication of this study is that there is enough potential for farmers to increase tomato production and net profits. The study recommends that the government should further invest in public education and strengthen extension services farmer education and because extension visits constituted important determinants of productive efficiencies.

Diverse Voices and Democratic Policymaking： What Causes Japan＇s Nuclear Phase-Out Plan to Fail？

The nuclear disaster at Fukushima has raised questions about the nature of democratic policymaking in Japan. Focusing on nuclear policymaking post-Fukushima, this paper considers ways in which the diversity of public opinion can be connected with legislative processes. The disaster forced the government to rethink existing nuclear policies. To infuse public voices into government policy, the Democratic Party of Japan （DPJ） government introduced a new method of public participation called ＂national debates＂, comprising a series of public hearings, mass public comments, and deliberative polling. The government also attached importance to anti-nuclear rallies and opinion polls conducted by the media. The national debates highlighted that the majority of Japanese people supported a nuclear-free society; as a result, the government drafted a new energy plan to phase out nuclear power by 2039. Owing to both domestic and international opposition, the plan failed to become law. Progress was also impeded by the public＇s contradictory demands. However, this paper posits that inefficient legislative deliberation was the main factor behind the policy failure. The Japanese case suggests that effective legislative deliberation is crucial to assessing and coordinating numerous divergent public voices.

Design and validation of wireless acceleration sensor network for structural health monitoring

A wireless sensor network is proposed to monitor the acceleration of structures for the purpose of structural health monitoring of civil engineering structures. Using commercially available parts, several modules are constructed and integrated into complete wireless sensors and base stations. The communication protocol is designed and the fusion arithmetic of the temperature and acceleration is embedded in the wireless sensor node so that the measured acceleration values are more accurate. Measures are adopted to finish energy optimization, which is an important issue for a wireless sensor network. The test is perfonned on an offshore platform model, and the experimental results are given to show the feasibility of the designed wireless sensor network .

Israel＇s Changing Attitude Toward the Arab National Minority： Between Ben Gurion and Eshkol Military Rule as a Test Case

In August 1963, Israel＇s Prime Minister Levi Eshkol initiated the procedure for terminating the martial law in effect since the end of the War of Independence （1948） with regard to Israeli Arabs. Martial law discriminated against Israel＇s Arab minority, as opposed to the majority of Israel＇s society, as part of different issues bound up with this population＇s daily functioning. The aim of the paper is to present the reasons why Eshkol＇s doing away with the martial law stemmed was its ineffectiveness, while the other, and this makes up the core of our concern here, was his changing attitude toward the Arab minority in Israel, by contrast with that of his predecessor, David Ben Gurion The main conclusion of the paper is that even though Eshkol＇s ideas about the Arab minority were not very different from Ben Gurion＇s ideas one insisted on maintaining the military government in Israel, while the other saw this as unnecessary, and so brought it to an end. In August 1963, a few months after assuming office, Israel＇s Prime Minister Levi Eshkol initiated the first steps leading to the annulment of military rulet which had applied to Arabs in the State of Israel ever since the end of the War of Independence （1948）. This process was concluded some three years later. Military rule was lifted in effect on December 1, 1966. In the presentation, the author would like to look into the considerations which prompted Eshkol to take such a step, in light of the fact that his predecessor, Ben Gurion, was a staunch opponent of annulling the military regime, convinced as he was, even after the conclusion of his term in office, that the current state of affairs should remain in effect.

The Role of the Project Manager in Construction Projects in India

In India, the construction industry plays an important role in the economy of the country. It employs a sizeable portion of the work force, contributes largely to the gross domestic product （GDP） of the country, and is seen as a key catalyst for the growth and development of the Indian economy. The industry, however, is beset with many challenges, including delivering projects within projected costs and delivery dates and at the right quality to increasingly discerning clients. It is because of this that project management has assumed so much importance with the project manager seen to be a critical resource in the project achieving its objectives. However, the role of the project manager is still ambiguous. These research hypotheses that the role the project manager ought to play is that of a leader. It is only when project managers assume leadership roles that construction projects achieve objectives measured against time, cost, quality, and customer satisfaction. A quantitative approach was followed in this using both theoretical and analytic methods. The theoretical studies revealed the qualities, skills, and competencies that a project manager ought to possess and the links between the project manager assuming a position of leadership and the project achieving its objectives. The main data collection tool in the analytic method was an online questionnaire administered to 20 project managers of construction projects in India. It was found that while the Indian construction industry does recognize the significance of project managers, their role is relegated to administrative, monitoring, and supervision tasks. There is an overwhelming focus on technical skills. In those cases, where project managers were involved in all the stages of the project and possessed a gamut of managerial, technical, human, and interpersonal skills, there were substantial differences in terms of time, cost, quality, and customer satisfaction in the projects administered by them. The importance of this research stems from its alerting the construction sector in India to the true role that project managers ought to play. If it serves in a shift in the perception of the role of the project managers, this research would have served its purpose.

Teaching Hebrew Classics： Test Case— Agnon＇s Story ＂From a Foe to a Friend＂

Teaching literary classics has always been a burden for the teacher; since the language is archaic, and neither the themenor structure appeal to the students, because they are not trivial and do not deal with their immediate problems like puberty or relationships with parents. Nevertheless, it is essential that students will be exposed to the treasures of their culture. The author proposes that we introduce the classics through their literary adaptations into children＇s book, comics, and so on. Adaptation as well as translation involves interpretation. Therefore, through the adaptation, we show the students that classic texts are complicated and potent of many meanings. As an introduction to the works of S. Y. Agnon, the author chose his story ＂From a Foe to a Friend＂ （1992）. ＂From a Foe to a Friend＂ by S. Y. Agnon, is considered to be simple, na＇fve story, the plot is linear and accumulative, almost like a folktale or a children＇s story. And indeed, this story was published （2008） as a children＇s book with illustrations, and also as a comic book （2012）. The author will show how we can use these books, along with the folktale of＂The Three Little Pigs＂ （1890）, which the story＇s plot is based on, to prepare students to the challenge of Agnon＇s literary work. The conceptual framework of this paper is based on Polysystem Theory （Even-Zohar, 1990）, Translation Theory （Toury, 1995）, and adaptation as an interpretation （Shenberg, 1997, 1998）.

Prediction of Effective Diffusion Coefficient in Rotating Disc Columns and Application in Design

A rotating disc column (RDC) with inner diameter 68 mm and 28 compartments is used in this study. Parameters including Sauter mean diameter, hold-up and mass transfer coefficient are measured experimentally un-der different operating conditions. The correlations in literature for molecular diffusion and enhancement factor equation including eddy diffusion, circulation and oscillation of drops are evaluated. A new equation for the effec-tive diffusion coefficient as a function of Reynolds number is proposed. The calculated values of mass transfer co-efficient and column height from the previous equations and present equation are compared with the experimental data. The results from the present equation are in very good agreement with the experimental results, which may be used in designing RDC columns.

Measuring Bubble Levels in China＇s Urban Housing Market

In this paper we demonstrate that price-to-income ratio （PIR） is the most precise indicator of measuring bubble levels in China＇s urban hoasing market under current conditions. We have built a model to measure the reasonable PIR ceiling. Based on current mortgage rates, loan terms and down payment ratios, we conclude that the reasonable PIR for China ＇s urban residents should lie between 4.38-6.78 and should not exceed 7. 7hen, using statistical data, we calculate current PIR in China ＇s major cities. With reference to proper PIR, we conclude the existence of bubbles in China ＇s urban housing market; in particular, bubbles hace grown enormously large in some first-tier cities, which pose a huge financial risk. Based on the above analysis, we propose some policy suggestions to carefully deflate the bubbles in these housing markets.

Description of the Health Status of Colombian Indigenous Communities Through Basic Laboratory Tests

Colombia enjoys considerable ethnic diversity, although its indigenous population, part of the world＇s shared cultural heritage has been reduced by various factors, including displacement, poverty, and poor access to timely and quality healthcare. The present study is focused on diagnosing health problems, particularly anemia, through a description of hematological findings amongst men and woman aged 18 to 50 years, living at various altitudes, and belonging to several different indigenous communities： the Huitoto and Embera of Caqueta, Florencia; the Born, Muinane, Okaina, Huitoto communities of La Chorrera, Amazonas; and the Yanaconas of Bogota, D.C. Tests performed included automated hemogram tests, ferritin, c-reactive protein, and parasitological assessment to correlate the presence of anemia and parasitism. The authors used a quantitative and transversal, structured, non-experimental, correlational, stratified sample design with 105 samples （51 men, 54 women）. The results showed that 7.8% （4/51） of the men had anemia, compared with 29.6% （16/54） of the women--more than triple the incidence of the male population. Moreover, we found a higher incidence of anemia in rural areas, where the majority of the country＇s indigenous populations live. In the parasitological study, 87.7% （50/57） of the participants tested positive for intestinal parasites. These findings are expected to help authorities implement more effective responses to health issues in these communities.

The Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Data Management System for the Arctic Sciences

The brokering approach can be successfully used to overcome the crucial question of searching among enormous amount of data （raw and/or processed） produced and stored in different information systems. In this paper, authors describe the Data Management System the DMS （Data Management System） developed by INGV （Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia） to support the brokering system GEOSS （Global Earth Observation System of Systems） adopted for the ARCA （Arctic Present Climate Change and Past Extreme Events） project. This DMS includes heterogeneous data that contributes to the ARCA objective （www.arcaproject.it） focusing on multi-parametric and multi-disciplinary studies on the mechanism （s） behind the release of large volumes of cold and fresh water from melting of ice caps. The DMS is accessible directly at the www.arca.rm.ingv.it, or through the IADC （Italian Arctic Data Center） at http：//arcticnode.dta.cnr.it/iadc/gi-portal/index.jsp that interoperates with the GEOSS brokering system （http：//www.geoportal.org0 making easy and fast the search of specific data set and its URL.

Public Perceptions of Cryosphere Change and the Selection of Adaptation Measures in the rmqi River Basin

This study focuses on the characters of public perceptions on climate and cryosphere change,which are based on a questionnaire survey in the(U|¨)r(u|¨)mqi River Basin.In comparison with scientific observation results of climate and cryosphere change,this paper analyzes the possible impact of the change on water resources and agriculture production in the area.Perceptions of most respondents on climate and cryosphere changes confirm the main objective facts.For the selection of adaptation measures addressing the shortage of water resource,the results are as follows:most people preferred to choose the measures like "policy change" and "basic facility construction" which are mostly implemented by the government and the policy-making department;some people showed more preference to the measures of avoiding unfavorable natural environment,such as finding job in or migrating to other places.The urgency of personal participation in the adaptation measures is still inadequate.Some adaptation measures should be implemented in line with local conditions and require the organic combination of "resource-development" with "water-saving".

Enterprises＇ inventory Fluctuations Useful in Monitoring the Economic Cycle

It has been demonstrated by both domestic and international theories and empirical studies that inventory fluctuations are cyclical in nature, which makes it useful in monitoring how the economy is currently operating. Based on a survey o foyer 5,000 enterprises conducted by the People＇s Bank of China, we have attempted to compile a finished goods inventory index of the 5,000 enterprises. Through our analysis, we are able to determine that the 5,000 enterprises inventory index displays the basic features of pro-cyclicality and fits the business cycle with a lag of one quarter. Currently, the inventory index shows signs of declining after five consecutive months of increases, indicating that the expansion of enterprises＇production is temporarily slowing down.

Farmers＇ Perceived Impact of Fair Trade： The Case of Costa Rica

The perceived usefulness of Fair Trade influences both its effectiveness and farmers＇ long-term participation. The aim of this paper is to measure the perceived economic, social and environmental impact of Fair Trade by farmers in Costa Rica. One hundred farmers were interviewed, and their perceived change in living and working conditions due to Fair Trade participation was measured through a t-test analysis. The sample characters＇ influence on the perceived change was also measured, adopting a regression model and a t-test. The results showed a positive perception of the impact of Fair Trade, with a particularly strong perceived improvement in the farmers＇ technical, economic and managerial skills. There was relatively less perceived change in the environmental, educational and sanitary conditions. The results showed the need for Fair Trade to better adjust its strategy to the expectations of the farmers＇ communities.

Nomenclature for lunar features at the Chang＇e-3 landing site

Nomenclatures for lunar features always accompany the progresses of human lunar exploration,which has an important dual meaning in culture and science. The naming of lunar features not only can commemorate the outstanding contributions of academics,masters in various fields, and popularize the traditional cultures of ethnic groups all over the world, but also have a critical function of providing accurate indicative information on features with special morphology, origin, nature and scientific value. However, nomenclature for features at the Chang'e-3 landing site, which has a more arbitrary form without many constrains posed by a uniformed system, is unlike the features for other morphological units.This paper originated from the actual needs for the description of scientific exploration activities, interpretation of scientific research and dissemination of scientific results. Some prominent morphological units with great scientific importance and identification purpose were chosen from the images taken by the terrain camera, panorama cameras and landing camera onboard the Chang'e lander and Yutu rover. A nomenclature system was established under the three enclosures, four quadrants and twenty-eight lunar lodges' system of the Chinese ancient sky division method. Finally, a standard feature names set waspublished after some necessary approval procedures by the International Astronomical Union.

Building a Comprehensive Well-off Society in Yunnan＇s Minority Areas A Study of the Prediction on the Differences in Life Quality Indexes

Based on the gray theory and GM （1, 1） model, the life quality indexes in next few years are predicted using the statistical data of the life quality indexes of Yunnan＇ s 8 minority areas in recent years and also compared with the standard value （2020） of building the national well-off society, and the differences between them are measured and calculated. Thus, effective reference information is provided for the decision-making of government.

Etched Optical Fiber Vibration Sensor to Monitor Health Condition of Beam Like Structures

Using a center etched single mode optical fiber, a simple vibration senor is designed to monitor the vibrations of a simply supported beam. The sensor has high linear response to the axial displacement of about 0.8mm with a sensitivity of 32mV/10p, m strain. The sensor is tested for periodic and suddenly released forces, and the results are found to coincide with the theoretical values. This simple design, small in size and low cost sensor may find applications in industry and civil engineering to monitor the vibrations of the beam structures and bridges.

A regression approach to ROC surface,with applications to Alzheimer's disease

We consider the estimation of three-dimensional ROC surfaces for continuous tests given covariates.Three way ROC analysis is important in our motivating example where patients with Alzheimer's disease are usually classified into three categories and should receive different category-specific medical treatment.There has been no discussion on how covariates affect the three way ROC analysis.We propose a regression framework induced from the relationship between test results and covariates.We consider several practical cases and the corresponding inference procedures.Simulations are conducted to validate our methodology.The application on the motivating example illustrates clearly the age and sex effects on the accuracy for Mini-Mental State Examination of Alzheimer's disease.