The paper presents the possibilities of implementing micro-simulation traffic tools in order to develop the evacuation plans. Well elaborated evacuation plans are the basis for alleviating the consequences resulting f...The paper presents the possibilities of implementing micro-simulation traffic tools in order to develop the evacuation plans. Well elaborated evacuation plans are the basis for alleviating the consequences resulting from emergencies. The simulation tools allow the design and verification of various evacuation planning scenarios with minimisation of costs and time. The paper provides detailed presentation of the basic characteristics of microscopic simulation of traffic flows, as well as examples of their implementation worldwide. The characteristics of the software tools are described through an overview of the basic settings ofPTV VISSIM （Planung Transport Verkehrin Stadten--Simulations model） program as one of the most significant representatives of these tools. The necessity of implementing the traffic tools in evacuation results from the crucial role of traffic in reducing the consequences of emergencies. These tools allow also a detailed analysis of the output data in order to select a suitable solution. The concluding part of the paper presents an example of evacuation of the population through the Jankomir node as part of the European project ＂preparedness for evacuation in case of a nuclear accident＂. The evacuation was performed through three scenarios in circumstances of higher or lower transport demand.展开更多
Auto ownership is one of the most important linkages between travel demand and land use. Residents in denser, urban or more transit accessible neighborhoods tend to own fewer cars. Car ownership influences almost all ...Auto ownership is one of the most important linkages between travel demand and land use. Residents in denser, urban or more transit accessible neighborhoods tend to own fewer cars. Car ownership influences almost all aspects of travel behavior, including travel frequency, travel distances, mode choice and time-of-day choice. At the same time, car ownership affects residential location choices, as households owning cars are less likely to choose urban neighborhoods than households without cars. This paper describes a new microscopic auto-ownership model that has been estimated with survey data. The model is fully integrated with a land use and a transportation model to capture： （1） how owning a car affects travel behavior and location choice; and （2） how the built environment and the transportation needs affect auto-ownership decisions. The model has been validated against census data and is fully operational.展开更多
文摘The paper presents the possibilities of implementing micro-simulation traffic tools in order to develop the evacuation plans. Well elaborated evacuation plans are the basis for alleviating the consequences resulting from emergencies. The simulation tools allow the design and verification of various evacuation planning scenarios with minimisation of costs and time. The paper provides detailed presentation of the basic characteristics of microscopic simulation of traffic flows, as well as examples of their implementation worldwide. The characteristics of the software tools are described through an overview of the basic settings ofPTV VISSIM （Planung Transport Verkehrin Stadten--Simulations model） program as one of the most significant representatives of these tools. The necessity of implementing the traffic tools in evacuation results from the crucial role of traffic in reducing the consequences of emergencies. These tools allow also a detailed analysis of the output data in order to select a suitable solution. The concluding part of the paper presents an example of evacuation of the population through the Jankomir node as part of the European project ＂preparedness for evacuation in case of a nuclear accident＂. The evacuation was performed through three scenarios in circumstances of higher or lower transport demand.
文摘Auto ownership is one of the most important linkages between travel demand and land use. Residents in denser, urban or more transit accessible neighborhoods tend to own fewer cars. Car ownership influences almost all aspects of travel behavior, including travel frequency, travel distances, mode choice and time-of-day choice. At the same time, car ownership affects residential location choices, as households owning cars are less likely to choose urban neighborhoods than households without cars. This paper describes a new microscopic auto-ownership model that has been estimated with survey data. The model is fully integrated with a land use and a transportation model to capture： （1） how owning a car affects travel behavior and location choice; and （2） how the built environment and the transportation needs affect auto-ownership decisions. The model has been validated against census data and is fully operational.
