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烧结机除尘灰制备纳米氧化铁及其气体传感特性 被引量:1
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作者 尹若铭 付海涛 +1 位作者 杨晓红 安希忠 《钢铁》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2022年第3期142-152,共11页
烧结机机头除尘灰是炼铁过程中产生的高铁含量小颗粒粉末固体废弃物,如何处理机头除尘灰一直是冶金领域的难点问题。鉴于其较高的铁含量,开发了一种以烧结机除尘灰为原料,通过控制还原剂与铁元素的比例,制备高附加值的类球状α-Fe_(2)O_... 烧结机机头除尘灰是炼铁过程中产生的高铁含量小颗粒粉末固体废弃物,如何处理机头除尘灰一直是冶金领域的难点问题。鉴于其较高的铁含量,开发了一种以烧结机除尘灰为原料,通过控制还原剂与铁元素的比例,制备高附加值的类球状α-Fe_(2)O_(3)、Fe_(3)O_(4)纳米颗粒以及Fe_(3)O_(4)/Fe_(2)O_(3)纳米复合物的方法。利用多晶X射线衍射仪(XRD)、X射线荧光光谱仪(XRF)、紫外分光光度计、场发射分析扫描电镜(SEM)等对材料进行表征分析。分析结果表明,可通过控制还原剂的用量调整产品为纯α-Fe_(2)O_(3)、Fe_(3)O_(4)纳米颗粒,或不同Fe_(3)O_(4)/Fe_(2)O_(3)比例的纳米复合物;所得产品为尺度均匀的纳米颗粒,纯度较好(α-Fe_(2)O_(3)、Fe_(3)O_(4)纳米颗粒的纯度分别为92.74%和94.44%),重复性好且操作简单。同时,利用气敏元件测试仪检测制备的铁氧化物纳米颗粒的气体传感性能,发现其具有良好的气体传感性能,尤其对正丁醇气体具有高灵敏度和独特的选择性。此外,Fe_(3)O_(4)/Fe_(2)O_(3)复合物的最佳工作温度(100℃)比纯α-Fe_(2)O_(3)和Fe_(3)O_(4)纳米颗粒的最佳工作温度分别降低了160和100℃。比例为56/44的Fe_(3)O_(4)/Fe_(2)O_(3)复合物显示了较其他比例复合物更佳的响应值,为6.33。利用烧结机除尘灰制备高附加值的功能性纳米氧化铁颗粒实现了烧结机头灰资源化合理利用,具有重要的理论与实际意义,同时对处理钢铁流程中高铁含量固体废弃物(除尘灰)具有重要的借鉴意义。 展开更多
关键词 烧结机机头除尘灰 铁氧化物 纳米复合物 气体传感材料 正丁醇
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金属氧化物室温气敏材料的结构调控及传感机理 被引量:2
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作者 金士成 闫爽 《化学进展》 SCIE CAS CSCD 北大核心 2021年第12期2348-2361,共14页
室温气敏材料能耗低、稳定性好、安全性高,并且有助于简化传感器的器件结构,具有很好的实际应用前景。开发具有优异室温传感性能的气敏材料成为近年来传感领域的研究热点。金属氧化物半导体材料来源广泛、环境友好、结构调控灵活,在室... 室温气敏材料能耗低、稳定性好、安全性高,并且有助于简化传感器的器件结构,具有很好的实际应用前景。开发具有优异室温传感性能的气敏材料成为近年来传感领域的研究热点。金属氧化物半导体材料来源广泛、环境友好、结构调控灵活,在室温气体传感性能方面取得一定的进展。本文介绍了金属氧化物气敏材料的发展历程及气体传感机理,详述了各种具有室温气敏性能的金属氧化物纳米结构,重点讨论构建金属氧化物室温传感性能的有效策略和传感机制,并对室温传感材料的未来发展进行了展望。 展开更多
关键词 金属氧化物半导体 气体传感材料 室温
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Suppression of Sn^(2+) and Lewis acidity in SnS_(2)/black phosphorus heterostructure for ppb-level room temperature NO_(2) gas sensor 被引量:4
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作者 Tingting Liang Zhengfei Dai +2 位作者 Yaoda Liu Xu Zhang Haibo Zeng 《Science Bulletin》 SCIE EI CSCD 2021年第24期2471-2478,M0003,共9页
The selective detection of harmful gases is of great significance to human health and air quality,triggering the need for special customizations of sensing material structure.In this study,we prepared a novel Sn S_(2)... The selective detection of harmful gases is of great significance to human health and air quality,triggering the need for special customizations of sensing material structure.In this study,we prepared a novel Sn S_(2)/black phosphorus(BP)two-dimensional(2D)-2D heterostructure via the in situ hydrothermal growth of Sn S_(2)nanosheets on exfoliated BP lamellae for NO_(2)sensing applications.In the Sn S_(2)/BP composite,the holes with high oxidizability in p-type BP could oxidize Sn^(2+)into Sn^(4+),thus inhibiting the formation of Lewis acidic S vacancies.This Sn^(2+)/Lewis acidity suppression of the composite was further confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and acidic double-layer capacitance analyses,and promoted the adsorption and detection of acidic NO_(2).Owing to its valence and Lewis acidity engineering,the Sn S_(2)/BP heterostructure sensor could detect trace levels of NO_(2)as low as 100 ppb(parts per billion)with high response,fast response/recovery,good stability,and selectivity at room temperature.The high absorption energy of NO_(2)(à0.74 e V),as indicated by the density functional theory calculations,suggests that NO_(2)was chemically adsorbed on the Sn S_(2)/BP surface,which was also evidenced by the in situ Raman spectroscopy results.This work opens up interesting opportunities for the rational design of highly efficient NO_(2)gas sensors through Lewis acidity modification and interface engineering. 展开更多
关键词 Phosphorene Sn S_(2) Interface engineering Surface Lewis acidity Nitrogen dioxide detection
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Flexible fabric gas sensors based on PANI/WO3 p−n heterojunction for high performance NH3 detection at room temperature 被引量:2
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作者 Meng He Lili Xie +3 位作者 Guifang Luo Zhanhong Li James Wright Zhigang Zhu 《Science China Materials》 SCIE EI CSCD 2020年第10期2028-2039,共12页
A PANI/WO3@cotton thread-based flexible sensor that is capable of detecting NH3 at room temperature is developed here.A layer of WO3 with PANI nanoparticles can be deposited by in-situ polymerization.The morphology an... A PANI/WO3@cotton thread-based flexible sensor that is capable of detecting NH3 at room temperature is developed here.A layer of WO3 with PANI nanoparticles can be deposited by in-situ polymerization.The morphology and structure of the specimens were investigated by utilizing TEM,SEM,XRD and FTIR.The sensing performance of the PANI/WO3@cotton sensors with different WO3 molar ratios to NH3 at room temperature was examined.The results show that the optimal sensor(10 mol%WO3)has a response of 6.0 to 100 ppm NH3,which is significantly higher than that of the sensors based on pristine PANI and other composites.The PANI/WO3@cotton sensor also displays excellent selectivity,gas response,and flexibility even at room temperature.The unique fiber structure,p-n heterojunction,and the increased protonation of PANI in the composites contribute to the enhanced sensing property. 展开更多
关键词 gas sensor PANI/WO3 cotton thread p-n heterojunction NH3 detection
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