超音速气体雾化(ultra-sonic gas atomization,USGA))喷嘴是实现喷射雾化的重要装置,它能够产生脉动的超音速气流,获得较小的平均粒径和集中的粒径分布.在USGA喷嘴的共振管端部引入了主动的激励信号,组成双激励式超音速气体雾化器,并对...超音速气体雾化(ultra-sonic gas atomization,USGA))喷嘴是实现喷射雾化的重要装置,它能够产生脉动的超音速气流,获得较小的平均粒径和集中的粒径分布.在USGA喷嘴的共振管端部引入了主动的激励信号,组成双激励式超音速气体雾化器,并对超音速气体雾化器内部Hart-mann腔体气体流场在无激励/有激励情况下所产生的气体振动特性进行了数值研究.结果表明在主动激励器的作用下,超音速气体雾化器内气流的振动效果如振幅和起振特性等都得到了有效的加强.研究发现超音速气体雾化器存在多个气体受激振动的共振频率,其对应于两类不同的共振模式,"Hartmann模式"和"全局模式".双激励器信号的频率、激励幅度及相位差改变都能够有效地改变超音速气流的振动特性.研究同时阐明了Hartmann共振管和二次共振管在USGA喷嘴腔体内产生气体脉动时的联动特点.展开更多
Modelling and simulations are conducted on velocity slip and interfacial momentum transfer for supersonic two-pha.se (gas-droplet) flow in the transient section inside and outside a Laval jet(LJ). The initial velocity...Modelling and simulations are conducted on velocity slip and interfacial momentum transfer for supersonic two-pha.se (gas-droplet) flow in the transient section inside and outside a Laval jet(LJ). The initial velocity slip between gas and droplets causes an interfacial momentum transfer flux as high as (2.0-5.0) x 104 Pa. The relaxation time corresponding to this transient process is in the range of 0.015-0.090ms for the two-phase flow formed inside the LJ and less than 0.5ms outside the LJ. It demonstrates the unique performance of this system for application to fast chemical reactions using electrically active media with a lifetime in the order of 1 ms. Through the simulations of the transient processes with initial Mach number Mg from 2.783 to 4.194 at different axial positions inside the LJ, it is found that Mg has the strongest effect on the process. The momentum flux increases as the Mach number decreases. Due to compression by the shock wave at the end of the LJ, the flow pattern becomes two dimensional and viscous outside the LJ. Laser Doppler velocirneter (LDV) measurements of droplet velocities outside the LJ are in reasonably good agreement with the results of the simulation.展开更多
To improve the separation performance of a supersonic gas separation device for the treatment of gas mixture with a single heavy component, a novel structure with shorter settlement distance was constructed and a meth...To improve the separation performance of a supersonic gas separation device for the treatment of gas mixture with a single heavy component, a novel structure with shorter settlement distance was constructed and a method of droplet enlargement was applied. A series of experiments were carried out in the improved separation device under various conditions, using air-ethanol vapor as the medium and micro water droplets as nucleation cen- ters. The effects of the inlet pressure, temperature and relative humidity, the swirling intensity, and mass flow rate of water on the separation performance were investigated. The separation was improved by increasing the inlet pressure and relative humidity. With the decrease of swirling intensity and mass flow rate of water, the separation efficiency increased first and then decreased. The inlet temperature had a slight effect on the separation. The results showed that the separation performance was effectively improved using the proposed structure and method, and the best separation in this study was obtained with the ethanol removal rate about 55% and dew point depression 27 K. The addition of water had little pollution to the air-ethanol vapor system since the water carry-over rate was within the range of -2 %-0 in most cases.展开更多
文摘超音速气体雾化(ultra-sonic gas atomization,USGA))喷嘴是实现喷射雾化的重要装置,它能够产生脉动的超音速气流,获得较小的平均粒径和集中的粒径分布.在USGA喷嘴的共振管端部引入了主动的激励信号,组成双激励式超音速气体雾化器,并对超音速气体雾化器内部Hart-mann腔体气体流场在无激励/有激励情况下所产生的气体振动特性进行了数值研究.结果表明在主动激励器的作用下,超音速气体雾化器内气流的振动效果如振幅和起振特性等都得到了有效的加强.研究发现超音速气体雾化器存在多个气体受激振动的共振频率,其对应于两类不同的共振模式,"Hartmann模式"和"全局模式".双激励器信号的频率、激励幅度及相位差改变都能够有效地改变超音速气流的振动特性.研究同时阐明了Hartmann共振管和二次共振管在USGA喷嘴腔体内产生气体脉动时的联动特点.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 29876022) and Grant of State Key Laboratory of High Speed Hydrodynamics (No. 2007).
文摘Modelling and simulations are conducted on velocity slip and interfacial momentum transfer for supersonic two-pha.se (gas-droplet) flow in the transient section inside and outside a Laval jet(LJ). The initial velocity slip between gas and droplets causes an interfacial momentum transfer flux as high as (2.0-5.0) x 104 Pa. The relaxation time corresponding to this transient process is in the range of 0.015-0.090ms for the two-phase flow formed inside the LJ and less than 0.5ms outside the LJ. It demonstrates the unique performance of this system for application to fast chemical reactions using electrically active media with a lifetime in the order of 1 ms. Through the simulations of the transient processes with initial Mach number Mg from 2.783 to 4.194 at different axial positions inside the LJ, it is found that Mg has the strongest effect on the process. The momentum flux increases as the Mach number decreases. Due to compression by the shock wave at the end of the LJ, the flow pattern becomes two dimensional and viscous outside the LJ. Laser Doppler velocirneter (LDV) measurements of droplet velocities outside the LJ are in reasonably good agreement with the results of the simulation.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province, China （20052193） and Ph.D. Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education o f China （20070141045）.
文摘To improve the separation performance of a supersonic gas separation device for the treatment of gas mixture with a single heavy component, a novel structure with shorter settlement distance was constructed and a method of droplet enlargement was applied. A series of experiments were carried out in the improved separation device under various conditions, using air-ethanol vapor as the medium and micro water droplets as nucleation cen- ters. The effects of the inlet pressure, temperature and relative humidity, the swirling intensity, and mass flow rate of water on the separation performance were investigated. The separation was improved by increasing the inlet pressure and relative humidity. With the decrease of swirling intensity and mass flow rate of water, the separation efficiency increased first and then decreased. The inlet temperature had a slight effect on the separation. The results showed that the separation performance was effectively improved using the proposed structure and method, and the best separation in this study was obtained with the ethanol removal rate about 55% and dew point depression 27 K. The addition of water had little pollution to the air-ethanol vapor system since the water carry-over rate was within the range of -2 %-0 in most cases.
