First endoscopic procedure for diagnosis and staging of mediastinal lymphadenopathy

AIM:To compare a first diagnostic procedure of transbronchial needle aspiration(TBNA)with selection of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration(EUS-FNA)or TBNA for mediastinal lymphadenopathy.METHODS:Sixty-eight consecutive patients with mediastinal lymphadenopathy on computed tomography(CT),who required cytopathological diagnosis,were recruited.The first 34 underwent a sequential approach in which TBNA was performed first,followed by EUS-FNA if TBNA was unrevealing.The next 34 underwent a selective approach where either TBNA or EUS-FNA was selected as the first procedure based on the CT findings.RESULTS:The diagnostic yield of TBNA as the first diagnostic procedure in the sequential approach was 62%.In the selective approach,the diagnostic yield of the first procedure was 71%.There was no significant difference in the overall diagnostic yield,but there were significantly fewer combined procedures with the selective approach.CONCLUSION:Selecting either EUS-FNA or TBNA as the first diagnostic procedure achieved a comparable diagnostic yield with significantly fewer procedures than performing TBNA first in all patients.

不同负压持续声门下吸引家兔实验对护理实践的启示

目的通过动物实验探讨不同负压持续声门下吸引对实验家兔的影响,旨在寻找安全有效的持续声门下吸引方式。方法采用自身对照法,选取临床上持续声门下吸引常用的负压,将入选的40只健康家兔按随机数字表法分成A、B两组,即A组:40~60 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)、B组:60~80 mmHg,两组分别间歇4 h声门下冲洗1次。观察并记录两组实验家兔机械通气1周内痰液量、声门下至气囊上滞留物引流量;机械通气第4天和实验结束时,记录两组出现肉眼可见血性液体和潜血实验阳性例数。同步显微镜下观察两组试验家兔气管黏膜组织的形态学改变。结果两组试验家兔痰液量、声门下至气囊上滞留物引流量和滞留物出现肉眼可见血性液体情况相比,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);滞留物潜血实验阳性情况:机械通气第4天和第7天,B组例数明显多于A组,P均<0.05。电镜下气管黏膜损伤情况:机械通气第4天和第7天,A组气管黏膜损伤为I度,B组气管黏膜损伤为IV度。结论在保持安全有效吸引的前提下,恒定40~60 mmHg负压持续声门下吸引,间歇4 h声门下冲洗1次,不仅可以保证吸引效果,而且可以减轻对气管黏膜的损伤。