＂Qi＂ （spirit） is originally an ancient Chinese philosophical term regarded as the fundamental material to constitute the universe. Later, it＇s used as a term in literary criticism referring to the authors＇ talen...＂Qi＂ （spirit） is originally an ancient Chinese philosophical term regarded as the fundamental material to constitute the universe. Later, it＇s used as a term in literary criticism referring to the authors＇ talent, qualities, and their work styles. Poetry, as a language form concentrating thoughts and feelings, is the best form reflecting the various changes of＂Qi＂ （spirit）. ＂Qi＂ （spirit） combines the style, imagery and charm of a poem in a union, translation of the poem should be close to such a combination. Translation of＂Qi＂ （spirit） is a pursuit of translating poetry which is based on translation of sense and image, but it may focus more on the wording technique with a wide insight on the original poem including the meaning and the tone of the poem and the author＇s thoughts and feelings, focusing on an overall effect of appreciation.展开更多
Objective: To study vascular characteristics of bronchial arterial reconstruction for lung cancer in relation to patient’s prognosis.Methods: According to the International Staging System for Lung Cancer, bronchial a...Objective: To study vascular characteristics of bronchial arterial reconstruction for lung cancer in relation to patient’s prognosis.Methods: According to the International Staging System for Lung Cancer, bronchial arteriography was performed in 16 patients with stage III a , 42 patients with stage III b lung cancer before bronchial arterial infusion (BAI) of chemotherapy. Angiograms was read by radiologists and analyzed by real-multicolour picture system. All patients were followed up and the data were collected.Results: The common findings of angiographic vessels were variable distending, hypervascularity with shunting as net, and extravasation of contrast, light or dense staining in the regions of the tumors for all patients. Radial growth vessels in pericancer were found in 30 patients, including 20 cases (66.7%) of small cell lung cancer (SCLC), 7 cases (23.3%) of adenocarcinoma, 3 cases (10%) of squamous carcinoma; a thick circular vessels in pericancer in 16 patients: both characteristics above were seen in 5 cases. Hematogenous dissemination was found in 19 of 30 patients (63.3%) with radial growth vessels in pericancer; lymphatic spread (supraclavicular nodes) in 3 of 30 (10%); local recurrences in 2 of 30 (6.7%) 6 and 30 months respectively after curable resection. Hematogenous dissemination was found in 2 of 28 patients (7.1%) without radial growth vessels in pericancer during the period of follow-up. There was significant difference in the rate of hematogenous dissemination in two groups (P<0.01).Conclusion: Radial growth vessels at pericancer for bronchial arteriography of lung cancer was an important sign of high rate of hematogenous dissemination and lymphatic spread. Key words lung cancer - angiography - metastasis展开更多
Leaf epidermal fingerprints of six species of Rhododendron （ Rh. Aureaum, Rh. dauricum, Rh. micranthum, Rh. Mucronulatum, Rh. Redowskianum, Rh. schlippenbachii） were observed by optical microscope with nail polish e...Leaf epidermal fingerprints of six species of Rhododendron （ Rh. Aureaum, Rh. dauricum, Rh. micranthum, Rh. Mucronulatum, Rh. Redowskianum, Rh. schlippenbachii） were observed by optical microscope with nail polish expression method in Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology of Ministry Education China in Northeast Forestry University in 2004. The leaf morphological features including of stomata types, characters of guard cells, subsidiary cells in lower epidermis were observed. And ordinary cells （in shape and anticlinal walls feature） as well as the trichomes in both sides of the leaves are described in detail. The results showed that there were three types of stoma in six investigated Rhododendron species, from which Pericytic stomata type exists in three species （Rh. dauricum, Rh. micranthum, and Rh. mucronulatum）, Anomocytic stomatal type in Rh. Redowskianum, Diacytic stomata type in Rh. aureaum and Rh. schlippenbachii. The subsidiary cells of the Pericytic and Diacytic stomata type are different in shape and surface feature between the species, respectively. The ordinary epidermal cells show a variety from quadrangular to hexagonal, polygonal or irregular in surface view, the anticlinal walls are straight or sinuose. Trichomes （gland scales） are present in the both of the leaf sides in three species （Rh. dauricum, Rh. micranthum, and Rh. mucronulatum）. All of these detail leaf features show specific specificity of leave finger print for 6 rhododendrons.展开更多
文摘＂Qi＂ （spirit） is originally an ancient Chinese philosophical term regarded as the fundamental material to constitute the universe. Later, it＇s used as a term in literary criticism referring to the authors＇ talent, qualities, and their work styles. Poetry, as a language form concentrating thoughts and feelings, is the best form reflecting the various changes of＂Qi＂ （spirit）. ＂Qi＂ （spirit） combines the style, imagery and charm of a poem in a union, translation of the poem should be close to such a combination. Translation of＂Qi＂ （spirit） is a pursuit of translating poetry which is based on translation of sense and image, but it may focus more on the wording technique with a wide insight on the original poem including the meaning and the tone of the poem and the author＇s thoughts and feelings, focusing on an overall effect of appreciation.
文摘Objective: To study vascular characteristics of bronchial arterial reconstruction for lung cancer in relation to patient’s prognosis.Methods: According to the International Staging System for Lung Cancer, bronchial arteriography was performed in 16 patients with stage III a , 42 patients with stage III b lung cancer before bronchial arterial infusion (BAI) of chemotherapy. Angiograms was read by radiologists and analyzed by real-multicolour picture system. All patients were followed up and the data were collected.Results: The common findings of angiographic vessels were variable distending, hypervascularity with shunting as net, and extravasation of contrast, light or dense staining in the regions of the tumors for all patients. Radial growth vessels in pericancer were found in 30 patients, including 20 cases (66.7%) of small cell lung cancer (SCLC), 7 cases (23.3%) of adenocarcinoma, 3 cases (10%) of squamous carcinoma; a thick circular vessels in pericancer in 16 patients: both characteristics above were seen in 5 cases. Hematogenous dissemination was found in 19 of 30 patients (63.3%) with radial growth vessels in pericancer; lymphatic spread (supraclavicular nodes) in 3 of 30 (10%); local recurrences in 2 of 30 (6.7%) 6 and 30 months respectively after curable resection. Hematogenous dissemination was found in 2 of 28 patients (7.1%) without radial growth vessels in pericancer during the period of follow-up. There was significant difference in the rate of hematogenous dissemination in two groups (P<0.01).Conclusion: Radial growth vessels at pericancer for bronchial arteriography of lung cancer was an important sign of high rate of hematogenous dissemination and lymphatic spread. Key words lung cancer - angiography - metastasis
基金This work was supported by the Korea Research Foun-dation and The Korean Federation of Science and Technology Socities Grant funded by Korea Government (MOEHRD, Basic Research Promotion Fund), (Project No. 032-4-1).
文摘Leaf epidermal fingerprints of six species of Rhododendron （ Rh. Aureaum, Rh. dauricum, Rh. micranthum, Rh. Mucronulatum, Rh. Redowskianum, Rh. schlippenbachii） were observed by optical microscope with nail polish expression method in Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology of Ministry Education China in Northeast Forestry University in 2004. The leaf morphological features including of stomata types, characters of guard cells, subsidiary cells in lower epidermis were observed. And ordinary cells （in shape and anticlinal walls feature） as well as the trichomes in both sides of the leaves are described in detail. The results showed that there were three types of stoma in six investigated Rhododendron species, from which Pericytic stomata type exists in three species （Rh. dauricum, Rh. micranthum, and Rh. mucronulatum）, Anomocytic stomatal type in Rh. Redowskianum, Diacytic stomata type in Rh. aureaum and Rh. schlippenbachii. The subsidiary cells of the Pericytic and Diacytic stomata type are different in shape and surface feature between the species, respectively. The ordinary epidermal cells show a variety from quadrangular to hexagonal, polygonal or irregular in surface view, the anticlinal walls are straight or sinuose. Trichomes （gland scales） are present in the both of the leaf sides in three species （Rh. dauricum, Rh. micranthum, and Rh. mucronulatum）. All of these detail leaf features show specific specificity of leave finger print for 6 rhododendrons.
