洞庭湖湿地洪水期甲烷扩散和气泡排放通量估算及水环境影响分析

水体甲烷(CH4)主要通过气泡和扩散传输排放到大气,这两种途径在CH4总排放中的相对贡献及环境影响因子目前关注较少.本文以洞庭湖湿地3种生境类型(光滩、苔草、芦苇)为研究对象,通过静态箱法和扩散模型法估算洪水期CH4总排放通量、扩散排放通量和气泡排放通量,并分析其水体环境因子影响.结果表明:苔草地CH4总排放量最高,为6.49±3.12 mg (C)/(m^2·h).在3个生境中,CH4扩散排放占总排放通量的1.34%~3.91%,气泡排放占96.09%~98.66%.扩散排放通量受水体pH、电导率和水温的影响,而CH4的总排放和气泡排放主要受水温的影响.当水温低于11.7℃时,水体CH4以扩散排放为主,但当水温高于11.7℃时,水体CH4主要通过气泡排放.但这一温度阈值是否同样适用于其他类型湿地还需要更多实验验证.本研究对于揭示中低纬度内陆湖泊水体CH4排放过程有重要意义.

The Imaginary Plane Mothod of Radiation Heat Transfer in The Freeboard of Atmospheric Bubbling Fluidized Bed Boiler

An imaginary plane method for calculation of radiative heat trensfer and its application in the freeboard of AFBC boiler is presented in this paper. The combustion reaction and particle concentration are taken into account in this method. With is method, one-dimensional freeboard model for radiative heat transfer has been made. Results from this model have been compared with the experimental results of a 130 t/h AFBC boiler. The distribution of flue gas temperature and heat flux at the waterwell are obtained. It is shown that this model has the advantage of good accuracy and requiring less computation time. The applicability of the predicted results in the AFBC boiler design and operation was also discussed.