库车坳陷克深地区白垩系气测解释新图板研究与应用

库车坳陷克深地区白垩系巴什基奇克组为致密砂岩干气藏,气测组分一般为C1-C3,极少出至C4,导致部分派生参数无效,传统图板流体性质识别效果不佳。为此,以试气段录井资料为基础,通过方差分析筛选出烃相系数、烃特征、烃组分递减系数、相对钻时、全烃及湿度比等8个对气水层识别有效的录井敏感参数,再以这8项敏感参数构建气测形态法及Fisher准则法气测解释模型,并确定解释标准。新图板回判符合率在88.8%以上,尤其对气水层区分效果明显。经TB 401、AW 5、KS 1102、KS 1103共4口新井应用验证,新图板评价结论与试气结果总体符合率78.6%,应用效果显著。

In-situ measurement and distribution of flue gas mercury for a utility PC boiler system

The in-situ instrumentation technique for measuring mercury and itsspeciation downstream a utility 100 MW pulverized coal (PC) fired boiler system was developed andconducted by the use of the Ontario hydro method (OHM) consistent with American standard test methodtogether with the semi-continuous emissions monitoring (SCEM) system as well as a mobile laboratoryfor mercury monitoring. The mercury and its speciation concentrations including participate mercuryat three locations of before air preheater, before electrostatic precipitator (ESP) and after ESPwere measured using the OHM and SCEM methods under normal operation conditions of the boiler systemas a result of firing a bituminous coal. The vapor-phase total mercury Hg(VT) concentration declinedwith the decrease of flue gas temperature because of mercury species transformation from oxidizedmercury to particulate mercury as the flue gas moved downstream from the air preheater to the ESPand after the ESP. A good agreement for Hg°, Hg^(2+) and Hg( VT) was obtained between the twomethods in the ash-free area. But in the dense particle-laden flue gas area, there appeared to be abig bias for mercury speciation owing to dust cake formed in the filter of OHM sampling probe. Theparticulateaffinity to the flue gas mercury and the impacts of sampling condition to accuracy ofmeasure were discussed.

基于测录井曲线的致密砂岩储层产能评价方法

强烈的非均质性、较差的储层连通性以及复杂的微观孔隙结构是致密砂岩气产能评价难度大和准确率不高的原因,基于此,利用多口井测录井曲线资料,归纳总结典型的曲线形态类型,并采用数学方法对形态进行了定量表征,提出了基于测录井曲线形态的产能评价方法。研究表明:(1)气测全烃曲线可以分为箱形、半箱形、正三角形、倒三角形、锯齿状和单尖峰状等6种形态,分别与油气层显示程度紧密相关,可以利用幅度、相对质心、相对锯齿、方差及自相关函数的参数值极性量化表征。其中,箱形气测全烃曲线峰形饱满,跨度较大;半箱形,气测全烃峰形跨度明显小于储层厚度;三角形,气测全烃曲线形态呈现正三角形或倒三角形;锯齿状,气测全烃曲线形态呈忽高忽低的趋势,呈现若干尖峰;单尖峰状,气测全烃曲线峰形跨度较小,呈单尖峰状。(2)6种气测全烃曲线形态与致密砂岩油气储层产能具有较好的对应关系。高、中产层主要为箱形、三角形,低产层主要为(半)箱形、三角形及锯齿状,特低产主要为锯齿状,不产层主要以单尖峰状为主。利用气测曲线形态及产能特征进行权重赋值,建立了解释关系图版。(3)录井全烃曲线与测井电阻率曲线综合解释可以更加准确判别致密砂岩储层产能。最后,利用定量化模型进行自动解释,通过数据验证发现,产层符合率为80.95%,产能区间符合率为78.05%。实践证明,基于测录井曲线形态可以较好地评价预测致密砂岩储层产气能力。