Air-gapped computers are isolated both logically and physically from all kinds of existing common communication channel, such as USB ports, wireless and wired net- works. Although the feasibility of infiltrating an ai...Air-gapped computers are isolated both logically and physically from all kinds of existing common communication channel, such as USB ports, wireless and wired net- works. Although the feasibility of infiltrating an air-gapped computer has been proved in recent years, data exfiltration from such sys- tems is still considered to be a challenging task. In this paper we present Powermittcr, a novel approach that can exfiltrate data through an air-gapped computer via its power adapter. Our method utilizes the switched-mode pow- er supply, which exists in all of the laptops, desktop computers and servers nowadays. We demonstrate that a malware can indirectly con- trol the electromagnetic emission frequency of the power supply by leveraging the CPU utili- zation. Furthermore, we show that the emitted signals can be received and demodulated by a dedicated device. We present the proof of con- cept design of the power covert channel and implement a prototype of Powermitter consist- ing of a transmitter and a receiver. The trans- mitter leaks out data by using a variant binary frequency shift keying modulation, and the emitted signal can be captured and decoded by software based virtual oscilloscope through such covert channel. We tested Powermitter on three different computers. The experiment re-suits show the feasibility of this power covert channel. We show that our method can also be used to leak data from different types of embedded systems which use switching power supply.展开更多
A new kind of commercial truck is presented, which has rear air suspension using leaf spring as guiding rod instead of original leaf spring. ADAMS/Car is used as a tool to build the whole truck model. The designed tr...A new kind of commercial truck is presented, which has rear air suspension using leaf spring as guiding rod instead of original leaf spring. ADAMS/Car is used as a tool to build the whole truck model. The designed truck＇s constant-radius cornering analysis and its ride performance simulation analysis under B class random road condition are carried out according to national experimental method standards. Compared the simulation results with the field test results indicate that performance index of the designed air suspension truck＇ s constant-radius cornering and its ride performance meets the design requirements and reaches its prospective target. And resuhs from simulation are similar to those from tests in value and trend, which indicates the virtual prototype is correct. The model can be used further to opti,nize suspension parameters and do some design work on the control system of air suspension.展开更多
International oil keeps low-price running after crash, and China deepens reformm domestically. Using this opportunity, China lays the same emphasis on investment and trade, on onshore and offshore transportation, give...International oil keeps low-price running after crash, and China deepens reformm domestically. Using this opportunity, China lays the same emphasis on investment and trade, on onshore and offshore transportation, gives full play to the important role of market in resource distribution, speeds up oil and gas system reform to guarantee clean, e fficienL safe and steady energy supply and long-term demand for energy. We systematically and thoroughly established legal system for oil and gas domains, reformed management system for energy domain, re＆treed regulatory domain, built modern market entity and multi-level market system, and improved oil and gas pricing mechanism, etc.展开更多
In efforts to overcome an foreseeable energy crisis predicated on limited oil and gas supplies, reserves; economic variations facing the world, and of course the environmental side effects of fossil fuels, an urgent n...In efforts to overcome an foreseeable energy crisis predicated on limited oil and gas supplies, reserves; economic variations facing the world, and of course the environmental side effects of fossil fuels, an urgent need for energy sources that provide sustainable, safe and economic supplies for the world is imperative. The current fossil fuel energy system must be improved to ensure a better and cleaner transportation future for the world. Despite the fact that the marine transportation sector consumes only 5% of global petroleum production; it is responsible for 15% of the world NOx and SOx emissions. These figures must be the engine that powers the scientific research worldwide to develop new solutions for a very old energy problem. In this paper, the most effective types of marine power plants were discussed. The history of the development of each type was presented first and the technical aspects were discussed second. Also, the fuel ceils as a new type of power plants used in marine sector were briefed to give a complete overview of the past, present and future of the marine power plants development. Based on the increased worldwide concerns regarding harmful emissions, many researchers have introduced solutions to this problem, including the adoption of new cleaner fuels. This paper was guided using the same trend and by implementing the hydrogen as fuel for marine internal combustion engine, gas turbines, and fuel cells.展开更多
The demand for energy, water and food will continuously increase, as the prediction states that 2.5 billion people will be added to the world population by 2050, representing not only an increase in the consumption bu...The demand for energy, water and food will continuously increase, as the prediction states that 2.5 billion people will be added to the world population by 2050, representing not only an increase in the consumption but also more waste production, greenhouse gas （GHG） emissions and depletion of natural resources. Taking into account that renewable sources of energy can help to overcome these challenges and diversify the energy matrix in the countries, this paper aims at analyzing the biogas potential in Brazil and the United States, especially in the livestock sector, and its benefits in the environmental, social and economic aspects. Both countries are among the top five countries globally in terms of water availability, energy consumption and food production. Until 2050, the world consumption of meat will have a significant increase： 206% of poultry meat, 56% of pork meat and 47% of beef meat, augmenting the need for sustainable management of waste and manure. This scenario can become a sustainable opportunity for biogas implementation, which provides multiple economic, environmental and social benefits for farmers, businesses and communities, including production of electrical, thermal and vehicular energy, production of high-quality biofertilizer, reduction of ground and surface water pollution and reduction of GHG emissions, and foments new income for the farmers, among others. A new concept is presented in this article to make biogas systems feasible, i.e., biogas condominiums, as small and medium-scale farms by themselves usually would not be able to afford the investments. This arrangement can bring benefits for the whole biogas supply chain that includes farmers, agroindustry, providers and local community.展开更多
While having constantly developed for five years,China's wind power meets its bottleneck of further development in fast-growing areas due to the insufficient market accommodation.In contrast,the Central China and ...While having constantly developed for five years,China's wind power meets its bottleneck of further development in fast-growing areas due to the insufficient market accommodation.In contrast,the Central China and the East China have experienced the shortage of coal,oil and natural gas for power generation in recent winters.Hence,how to handle the discrepancy between insufficient accommodation and short energy supply has become the focus of attention both domestically and abroad.Taking Jiuquan Wind Power Base as an example,the reverse distribution between the energy resources and the consumer market,the wind power accommodation and the energy transmission are analyzed;the necessity and feasibility of long-distance power transmission are also discussed,which presents a technical roadmap for the long-distance transmission of thermal and wind power in combination.展开更多
There is a great potential of both supply and consumption in oil ＆ gas market in Northeast Asia, and the prospects of further cooperation is very broad. Sino-Russia cooperation on oil ＆ gas will lay a crucial founda...There is a great potential of both supply and consumption in oil ＆ gas market in Northeast Asia, and the prospects of further cooperation is very broad. Sino-Russia cooperation on oil ＆ gas will lay a crucial foundation for building a regional oil ＆ gas market, and an increasingly opened trading system for oil ＆ gas will also meet Japan and South Korea＇s need in building a diversified and stable assurance system of oil ＆ gas supply. The strategic role played by Kozmino Port in Far East Russia and Shanghai oil and gas trading platform in China will be highlighted. Competition and cooperation through market mechanism will help to activate the interactions of resource flow and capital flow in Northeast Asia region, thus can also help energy consuming countries in the region to promote their disclosure power in global pricing system and gradually eliminate the Asian Premium.展开更多
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China ("863" Program) (Grant No. 2015AA016002)the National Basic Research Program of China ("973" Program) (Grant No. 2014CB340600)
文摘Air-gapped computers are isolated both logically and physically from all kinds of existing common communication channel, such as USB ports, wireless and wired net- works. Although the feasibility of infiltrating an air-gapped computer has been proved in recent years, data exfiltration from such sys- tems is still considered to be a challenging task. In this paper we present Powermittcr, a novel approach that can exfiltrate data through an air-gapped computer via its power adapter. Our method utilizes the switched-mode pow- er supply, which exists in all of the laptops, desktop computers and servers nowadays. We demonstrate that a malware can indirectly con- trol the electromagnetic emission frequency of the power supply by leveraging the CPU utili- zation. Furthermore, we show that the emitted signals can be received and demodulated by a dedicated device. We present the proof of con- cept design of the power covert channel and implement a prototype of Powermitter consist- ing of a transmitter and a receiver. The trans- mitter leaks out data by using a variant binary frequency shift keying modulation, and the emitted signal can be captured and decoded by software based virtual oscilloscope through such covert channel. We tested Powermitter on three different computers. The experiment re-suits show the feasibility of this power covert channel. We show that our method can also be used to leak data from different types of embedded systems which use switching power supply.
基金Sponsored by the National Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Grant No. Y2005F07) and Innovation Foundation of Jilin University(Grant No.2004CX018).
文摘A new kind of commercial truck is presented, which has rear air suspension using leaf spring as guiding rod instead of original leaf spring. ADAMS/Car is used as a tool to build the whole truck model. The designed truck＇s constant-radius cornering analysis and its ride performance simulation analysis under B class random road condition are carried out according to national experimental method standards. Compared the simulation results with the field test results indicate that performance index of the designed air suspension truck＇ s constant-radius cornering and its ride performance meets the design requirements and reaches its prospective target. And resuhs from simulation are similar to those from tests in value and trend, which indicates the virtual prototype is correct. The model can be used further to opti,nize suspension parameters and do some design work on the control system of air suspension.
文摘International oil keeps low-price running after crash, and China deepens reformm domestically. Using this opportunity, China lays the same emphasis on investment and trade, on onshore and offshore transportation, gives full play to the important role of market in resource distribution, speeds up oil and gas system reform to guarantee clean, e fficienL safe and steady energy supply and long-term demand for energy. We systematically and thoroughly established legal system for oil and gas domains, reformed management system for energy domain, re＆treed regulatory domain, built modern market entity and multi-level market system, and improved oil and gas pricing mechanism, etc.
文摘In efforts to overcome an foreseeable energy crisis predicated on limited oil and gas supplies, reserves; economic variations facing the world, and of course the environmental side effects of fossil fuels, an urgent need for energy sources that provide sustainable, safe and economic supplies for the world is imperative. The current fossil fuel energy system must be improved to ensure a better and cleaner transportation future for the world. Despite the fact that the marine transportation sector consumes only 5% of global petroleum production; it is responsible for 15% of the world NOx and SOx emissions. These figures must be the engine that powers the scientific research worldwide to develop new solutions for a very old energy problem. In this paper, the most effective types of marine power plants were discussed. The history of the development of each type was presented first and the technical aspects were discussed second. Also, the fuel ceils as a new type of power plants used in marine sector were briefed to give a complete overview of the past, present and future of the marine power plants development. Based on the increased worldwide concerns regarding harmful emissions, many researchers have introduced solutions to this problem, including the adoption of new cleaner fuels. This paper was guided using the same trend and by implementing the hydrogen as fuel for marine internal combustion engine, gas turbines, and fuel cells.
文摘The demand for energy, water and food will continuously increase, as the prediction states that 2.5 billion people will be added to the world population by 2050, representing not only an increase in the consumption but also more waste production, greenhouse gas （GHG） emissions and depletion of natural resources. Taking into account that renewable sources of energy can help to overcome these challenges and diversify the energy matrix in the countries, this paper aims at analyzing the biogas potential in Brazil and the United States, especially in the livestock sector, and its benefits in the environmental, social and economic aspects. Both countries are among the top five countries globally in terms of water availability, energy consumption and food production. Until 2050, the world consumption of meat will have a significant increase： 206% of poultry meat, 56% of pork meat and 47% of beef meat, augmenting the need for sustainable management of waste and manure. This scenario can become a sustainable opportunity for biogas implementation, which provides multiple economic, environmental and social benefits for farmers, businesses and communities, including production of electrical, thermal and vehicular energy, production of high-quality biofertilizer, reduction of ground and surface water pollution and reduction of GHG emissions, and foments new income for the farmers, among others. A new concept is presented in this article to make biogas systems feasible, i.e., biogas condominiums, as small and medium-scale farms by themselves usually would not be able to afford the investments. This arrangement can bring benefits for the whole biogas supply chain that includes farmers, agroindustry, providers and local community.
文摘While having constantly developed for five years,China's wind power meets its bottleneck of further development in fast-growing areas due to the insufficient market accommodation.In contrast,the Central China and the East China have experienced the shortage of coal,oil and natural gas for power generation in recent winters.Hence,how to handle the discrepancy between insufficient accommodation and short energy supply has become the focus of attention both domestically and abroad.Taking Jiuquan Wind Power Base as an example,the reverse distribution between the energy resources and the consumer market,the wind power accommodation and the energy transmission are analyzed;the necessity and feasibility of long-distance power transmission are also discussed,which presents a technical roadmap for the long-distance transmission of thermal and wind power in combination.
文摘There is a great potential of both supply and consumption in oil ＆ gas market in Northeast Asia, and the prospects of further cooperation is very broad. Sino-Russia cooperation on oil ＆ gas will lay a crucial foundation for building a regional oil ＆ gas market, and an increasingly opened trading system for oil ＆ gas will also meet Japan and South Korea＇s need in building a diversified and stable assurance system of oil ＆ gas supply. The strategic role played by Kozmino Port in Far East Russia and Shanghai oil and gas trading platform in China will be highlighted. Competition and cooperation through market mechanism will help to activate the interactions of resource flow and capital flow in Northeast Asia region, thus can also help energy consuming countries in the region to promote their disclosure power in global pricing system and gradually eliminate the Asian Premium.
