Forecasts of record values are usually avoided unless expected to occur with great confidence within less than 48 hours, or in association with an extreme event such as a hurricane. Otherwise the risk of a high visibi...Forecasts of record values are usually avoided unless expected to occur with great confidence within less than 48 hours, or in association with an extreme event such as a hurricane. Otherwise the risk of a high visibility false alarm outweighs the benefit of a correct early hit. Yet automated forecasts may occasionally include record values beyond day 2, which forecasters may choose to downplay, or not. In Canada, forecasters keep their focus on high impact weather for days l and 2, so that forecasts for day 3 and beyond are mostly automated and usually released after a quick glance. So a process was designed to bring up cases where automated temperature forecasts exceed known records for a number of sites, with the sole purpose of alerting the forecasters who may decide whether or not modifications are needed before release. As a by-product it is found that some record temperature forecasts are issued every day in Canada, even more records are actually observed, and in recent years there have been twice as many new high records as low ones. We discuss the origin of the process, its logics, its current status, interesting findings, and possible improvements.展开更多
A nested-model system is constructed by embedding the regional climate model RegCM3 into a general circulation model for monthly-scale regional climate forecast over East China. The systematic errors are formulated fo...A nested-model system is constructed by embedding the regional climate model RegCM3 into a general circulation model for monthly-scale regional climate forecast over East China. The systematic errors are formulated for the region on the basis of 10-yr (1991-2000) results of the nested-model system, and of the datasets of the Climate Prediction Center (CPC) Merged Analysis of Precipitation (CMAP) and the temperature analysis of the National Meteorological Center (NMC), U.S.A., which are then used for correcting the original forecast by the system for the period 2001-2005. After the assessment of the original and corrected forecasts for monthly precipitation and surface air temperature, it is found that the corrected forecast is apparently better than the original, suggesting that the approach can be applied for improving monthly-scale regional climate dynamical forecast.展开更多
文摘Forecasts of record values are usually avoided unless expected to occur with great confidence within less than 48 hours, or in association with an extreme event such as a hurricane. Otherwise the risk of a high visibility false alarm outweighs the benefit of a correct early hit. Yet automated forecasts may occasionally include record values beyond day 2, which forecasters may choose to downplay, or not. In Canada, forecasters keep their focus on high impact weather for days l and 2, so that forecasts for day 3 and beyond are mostly automated and usually released after a quick glance. So a process was designed to bring up cases where automated temperature forecasts exceed known records for a number of sites, with the sole purpose of alerting the forecasters who may decide whether or not modifications are needed before release. As a by-product it is found that some record temperature forecasts are issued every day in Canada, even more records are actually observed, and in recent years there have been twice as many new high records as low ones. We discuss the origin of the process, its logics, its current status, interesting findings, and possible improvements.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (40875067, 40675040)Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (IAP09306)National Basic Research Program of China. (2006CB400505)
文摘A nested-model system is constructed by embedding the regional climate model RegCM3 into a general circulation model for monthly-scale regional climate forecast over East China. The systematic errors are formulated for the region on the basis of 10-yr (1991-2000) results of the nested-model system, and of the datasets of the Climate Prediction Center (CPC) Merged Analysis of Precipitation (CMAP) and the temperature analysis of the National Meteorological Center (NMC), U.S.A., which are then used for correcting the original forecast by the system for the period 2001-2005. After the assessment of the original and corrected forecasts for monthly precipitation and surface air temperature, it is found that the corrected forecast is apparently better than the original, suggesting that the approach can be applied for improving monthly-scale regional climate dynamical forecast.
