【目的】探讨应用注射用重组人白细胞介素‐11（IL‐11）喷剂护理鼻咽癌放疗所致放射性皮炎的效果。【方法】将2013年7月～2014年12月本科收治鼻咽癌放疗患者53例按入院先后时间段分为对照组（ n＝22）与观察组（ n＝31） ，两组患者均...【目的】探讨应用注射用重组人白细胞介素‐11（IL‐11）喷剂护理鼻咽癌放疗所致放射性皮炎的效果。【方法】将2013年7月～2014年12月本科收治鼻咽癌放疗患者53例按入院先后时间段分为对照组（ n＝22）与观察组（ n＝31） ，两组患者均采用相同治疗与常规护理，在此基础上，观察组患者采用IL‐11配成喷剂从放疗d1开始喷雾放疗放射区域皮肤进行护理，对照组患者放疗时颈部放射区域皮肤无特殊处理。【结果】观察组主要以0～2级反应（70．97％）为主，对照组主要为3级或以上反应（59．09％＋27．27％）（ P ＝0．021）。放射性皮炎所致疼痛程度（％） ，观察组明显较对照组轻，轻度（70．97％ vs 45．45％） ，且具有统计学意义（ P ＝ 0．021）。观察组发生3级及以上皮肤反应较对照组所发生的时间晚，且修复时间较早（ P ＞0．05）。【结论】鼻咽癌所致放射性皮炎予IL‐11喷剂护理，有显著疗效，可减轻放疗所致鼻咽癌放射性皮炎给患者带来的痛苦，提高生活质量，值得推广。展开更多
手足口病（hand foot and mouth disease,HFMD）是小儿常见的一种传染性疾病,多发生于5岁以下儿童,具有多发性的特点,一年四季均可发生,多个省份全年呈现夏季和秋冬季2个高峰[1]。HFMD的病原为多种肠道病毒,目前临床上常用的治疗方法主...手足口病（hand foot and mouth disease,HFMD）是小儿常见的一种传染性疾病,多发生于5岁以下儿童,具有多发性的特点,一年四季均可发生,多个省份全年呈现夏季和秋冬季2个高峰[1]。HFMD的病原为多种肠道病毒,目前临床上常用的治疗方法主要是利巴韦林注射液抗病毒及对症治疗,起效较慢,且患儿不易接受。展开更多
A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) study was carried out on a four stroke air cooled DI diesel engine, F912Q manufactured by Beinei Company, by using the KIVA 3V code. A three dimensional mesh was set up to mode...A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) study was carried out on a four stroke air cooled DI diesel engine, F912Q manufactured by Beinei Company, by using the KIVA 3V code. A three dimensional mesh was set up to model the cylinder, intake passage and exhaust passage. The calculated in cylinder pressure history and emissions are compared with the engine test data. The results show reasonable agreement. The effects of swirl ratio and spray angle on fuel spray, evaporation and mixing are investigated. It is found that there are optimum swirl ratio and spray angle for better evaporation and combustion.展开更多
The measurement of droplet velocities in Diesel sprays close to the nozzle is important because of the complexity of in-nozzle flow, spray break-up and evaporation. However, the measurement of droplet velocities in th...The measurement of droplet velocities in Diesel sprays close to the nozzle is important because of the complexity of in-nozzle flow, spray break-up and evaporation. However, the measurement of droplet velocities in the dense region of Diesel sprays is very difficult or impossible by means of widely used laser diagnostic techniques, in particular under engine-like high-pressure and high-temperature conditions. The limitations of phase Doppler anemometry （PDA） and particle image velocimetry （PIV） prevent the application to the ultra-dense region of the spray. It was demonstrated that these problems can be greatly reduced by the laser flow tagging （LFT） technique. It was also demonstrated recently that LFT measurements can be conducted in clustered Diesel jets with improved spatial resolution and increased number of simultaneous measurements in the near-nozzle region. In the present work, the nozzle design, the temperature and pressure of the ambient air, and the fuel rail pressure are varied, in order to investigate the influence on the near-nozzle jet velocity and the underlying physical mechanisms.展开更多
This paper analyzes the behavior of coating particle as Well as the gas flow both of inside and outside the High-Velocity Oxy-Fuel (HVOF) thermal spraying gun by using quasi-one-dimensional analysis and numerical simu...This paper analyzes the behavior of coating particle as Well as the gas flow both of inside and outside the High-Velocity Oxy-Fuel (HVOF) thermal spraying gun by using quasi-one-dimensional analysis and numerical simulation. The HVOF gun in the present analysis is an axisymmetric convergent-divergent nozzle with the design Mach number of 2.0 followed by a straight passage called barrel. In the present analysis it is assumed that the influence of the particles injected in the gas flow is neglected, and the interaction between the particles is also neglected. The gas flow in the gun is assumed to be quasi-one-dimensional adiabatic flow. The velocity, temperature and density of gas in the jet discharged from the barrel exit are predicted by solving Navier-Stokes equations numerically. The particle equation of motion is numerically integrated using three-step Runge-Kutta method. The drag coefficient of the particle is calculated by linear interpolation of the experimental data obtained in the past. Particle mean temperature is calculated by using Ranz and Marchalls' correlation for spherical particles. From the present analysis, the distributions of velocity and temperature of the coating particles flying inside and outside the HVOF gun are predicted.展开更多
This paper presents a recent advance in the study of injection of fuel containing dissolved gas (IFCDG).Using diesel fuel containing dissolved CO2, experiments were performed under atmospheric conditions on a diesel h...This paper presents a recent advance in the study of injection of fuel containing dissolved gas (IFCDG).Using diesel fuel containing dissolved CO2, experiments were performed under atmospheric conditions on a diesel hole-type nozzle and simple nozzles. The effects of gas concentration in the fuel, injection pressure and the nozzle L/D ratio were examined. In order to reveal the controlling mechanism of IFCDG, the orifice flow pattern, pressure characteristics and their effects were also investigated. The result shows that IFCDG can produce a parabolic-shaped spray pattern with good atomization, which suggests the ekistence of a new atomisation mechanism. In terms of atomization, the beneficial effect of the IFCDG is obtained at the dissolved gas concentration above the transition and in the region of larger nozzle L/D ratio. However, under unfavorable conditions, IFCDG will lead to deterioration of atomization with coarse fuel droplets. It is found that the big difference of the oracle pressure characteristics caused by the variation of the nozzle L/D ratio has a dominant influence on the separation of the dissolved gas from the fuel inside the orifice and is verified to account for a dramatic change in the spray pattern and determine the effect of IFCDG. It is considered that the concept of IFCDG could be attractive in producing more efficient, clean engine and find use in a wide range of application.展开更多
文摘【目的】探讨应用注射用重组人白细胞介素‐11（IL‐11）喷剂护理鼻咽癌放疗所致放射性皮炎的效果。【方法】将2013年7月～2014年12月本科收治鼻咽癌放疗患者53例按入院先后时间段分为对照组（ n＝22）与观察组（ n＝31） ，两组患者均采用相同治疗与常规护理，在此基础上，观察组患者采用IL‐11配成喷剂从放疗d1开始喷雾放疗放射区域皮肤进行护理，对照组患者放疗时颈部放射区域皮肤无特殊处理。【结果】观察组主要以0～2级反应（70．97％）为主，对照组主要为3级或以上反应（59．09％＋27．27％）（ P ＝0．021）。放射性皮炎所致疼痛程度（％） ，观察组明显较对照组轻，轻度（70．97％ vs 45．45％） ，且具有统计学意义（ P ＝ 0．021）。观察组发生3级及以上皮肤反应较对照组所发生的时间晚，且修复时间较早（ P ＞0．05）。【结论】鼻咽癌所致放射性皮炎予IL‐11喷剂护理，有显著疗效，可减轻放疗所致鼻咽癌放射性皮炎给患者带来的痛苦，提高生活质量，值得推广。
文摘手足口病（hand foot and mouth disease,HFMD）是小儿常见的一种传染性疾病,多发生于5岁以下儿童,具有多发性的特点,一年四季均可发生,多个省份全年呈现夏季和秋冬季2个高峰[1]。HFMD的病原为多种肠道病毒,目前临床上常用的治疗方法主要是利巴韦林注射液抗病毒及对症治疗,起效较慢,且患儿不易接受。
文摘A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) study was carried out on a four stroke air cooled DI diesel engine, F912Q manufactured by Beinei Company, by using the KIVA 3V code. A three dimensional mesh was set up to model the cylinder, intake passage and exhaust passage. The calculated in cylinder pressure history and emissions are compared with the engine test data. The results show reasonable agreement. The effects of swirl ratio and spray angle on fuel spray, evaporation and mixing are investigated. It is found that there are optimum swirl ratio and spray angle for better evaporation and combustion.
文摘The measurement of droplet velocities in Diesel sprays close to the nozzle is important because of the complexity of in-nozzle flow, spray break-up and evaporation. However, the measurement of droplet velocities in the dense region of Diesel sprays is very difficult or impossible by means of widely used laser diagnostic techniques, in particular under engine-like high-pressure and high-temperature conditions. The limitations of phase Doppler anemometry （PDA） and particle image velocimetry （PIV） prevent the application to the ultra-dense region of the spray. It was demonstrated that these problems can be greatly reduced by the laser flow tagging （LFT） technique. It was also demonstrated recently that LFT measurements can be conducted in clustered Diesel jets with improved spatial resolution and increased number of simultaneous measurements in the near-nozzle region. In the present work, the nozzle design, the temperature and pressure of the ambient air, and the fuel rail pressure are varied, in order to investigate the influence on the near-nozzle jet velocity and the underlying physical mechanisms.
文摘This paper analyzes the behavior of coating particle as Well as the gas flow both of inside and outside the High-Velocity Oxy-Fuel (HVOF) thermal spraying gun by using quasi-one-dimensional analysis and numerical simulation. The HVOF gun in the present analysis is an axisymmetric convergent-divergent nozzle with the design Mach number of 2.0 followed by a straight passage called barrel. In the present analysis it is assumed that the influence of the particles injected in the gas flow is neglected, and the interaction between the particles is also neglected. The gas flow in the gun is assumed to be quasi-one-dimensional adiabatic flow. The velocity, temperature and density of gas in the jet discharged from the barrel exit are predicted by solving Navier-Stokes equations numerically. The particle equation of motion is numerically integrated using three-step Runge-Kutta method. The drag coefficient of the particle is calculated by linear interpolation of the experimental data obtained in the past. Particle mean temperature is calculated by using Ranz and Marchalls' correlation for spherical particles. From the present analysis, the distributions of velocity and temperature of the coating particles flying inside and outside the HVOF gun are predicted.
文摘This paper presents a recent advance in the study of injection of fuel containing dissolved gas (IFCDG).Using diesel fuel containing dissolved CO2, experiments were performed under atmospheric conditions on a diesel hole-type nozzle and simple nozzles. The effects of gas concentration in the fuel, injection pressure and the nozzle L/D ratio were examined. In order to reveal the controlling mechanism of IFCDG, the orifice flow pattern, pressure characteristics and their effects were also investigated. The result shows that IFCDG can produce a parabolic-shaped spray pattern with good atomization, which suggests the ekistence of a new atomisation mechanism. In terms of atomization, the beneficial effect of the IFCDG is obtained at the dissolved gas concentration above the transition and in the region of larger nozzle L/D ratio. However, under unfavorable conditions, IFCDG will lead to deterioration of atomization with coarse fuel droplets. It is found that the big difference of the oracle pressure characteristics caused by the variation of the nozzle L/D ratio has a dominant influence on the separation of the dissolved gas from the fuel inside the orifice and is verified to account for a dramatic change in the spray pattern and determine the effect of IFCDG. It is considered that the concept of IFCDG could be attractive in producing more efficient, clean engine and find use in a wide range of application.
