Droplet turbulence effect on gas-water separator with corrugated plates is explored using the Eulerian-Lagrangian two-way coupled multiphase approach of FLUENT. It is concluded that the inertial force is dominant in s...Droplet turbulence effect on gas-water separator with corrugated plates is explored using the Eulerian-Lagrangian two-way coupled multiphase approach of FLUENT. It is concluded that the inertial force is dominant in separating large droplets, while droplet turbulence dispersion plays a decisive role in separating fine droplets. Good agreement exists between calculations and air-water experiments. The numerical method developed provides a rea-sonable description of the droplet trajectories and separating efficiency, and it can be applied to predicting the performance of gas-water separator with corrugated plates.展开更多
The almost completely dense copper was prepared by ultrafine copper powder prepared with both methods of electrolysis and novel water-gas atomization through cold isostatic pressing(CIP)and sintering under atmospheric...The almost completely dense copper was prepared by ultrafine copper powder prepared with both methods of electrolysis and novel water-gas atomization through cold isostatic pressing(CIP)and sintering under atmospheric hydrogen.Fine copper powder possesses the higher sintering driving force,thereby promoting shrinkage and densification during the sintering process.The grain size of sintered samples by electrolytic copper powder is smaller than that prepared by the atomized copper powder,and the twin crystals are particularly prone to forming in the former sintered microstructure due to the raw powder with low oxygen content and high residual stress originating from the CIP process.The relative density of samples by electrolytic and atomized powder at 1000℃ sintering temperature achieves 99.3%and 97.4%,respectively,significantly higher than that of the powder metallurgy copper parts reported in the literature.Correspondingly,the ultimate tensile strength and yield strength of samples by both kinds of copper powder are approximately similar,while the elongation of the sintered sample by the electrolytic powder(60%)is apparently higher than the atomized powder(44%).The superior performance of samples fabricated by electrolytic powder is inferred from the full density and low oxygen level for there is no cuprous oxide in the grain boundaries.展开更多
Dew and fog play major roles in providing the atmospheric moisture for plants and arthropods living in arid regions all over the world. Studies are needed to discriminate between dew and fog. A radiation system was de...Dew and fog play major roles in providing the atmospheric moisture for plants and arthropods living in arid regions all over the world. Studies are needed to discriminate between dew and fog. A radiation system was developed for measuring the incoming and outgoing solar （shortwave） radiation using two CM21 Kipp ＆ Zonen pyranometers （one inverted）, and the incoming （atmospheric） and outgoing （terrestrial） longwave radiation using two CG1 pyrgeometers in Logan （41047＇ N, 111~51＇ W, 1,460 m above mean sea level）, Utah, USA, continuously since 1995. These instruments are ventilated with heated air to prevent precipitation of dew and frost on the sensors, which otherwise would disturb the measurements. Based upon these measurements and an algorithm, the cloud base height, the cloud base temperature and percent of cloudiness can be parameterized at local scale. A cloud base height around zero would indicate fog at the local scale. In 1999, Bowen ratio system was added to measure the evapotranspiration, dew and frost continuously throughout the year at the same location close to the radiation system. Combining these two systems （radiation and Bowen ratio） has yielded a reasonable approach to differentiate between the atmospheric moistures collected by dew and fog.展开更多
An experimental investigation of natural gas hydrate formation has been conducted in a high-pressure water spraying reactor,which is cooled by the circulation water through an external cooling jacket.The results show ...An experimental investigation of natural gas hydrate formation has been conducted in a high-pressure water spraying reactor,which is cooled by the circulation water through an external cooling jacket.The results show that the morphology of hydrates formed by water spraying is like ice-slurry,which depends on the initial pressure and temperature.At a certain reaction pressure,the rate of hydrate formation is increasing with lower temperature.And also,the induction time of hydrate formation can be greatly shortened by water spraying compared to a quiescent system.Solution with appropriate surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is found to improve the formation rate obviously.展开更多
During the course of a hypothetical severe accident in a nuclear Pressurized Water Reactor （PWR）, containment reactor is pressurized by steam and hydrogen released from a primary circuit breach and distributed into ...During the course of a hypothetical severe accident in a nuclear Pressurized Water Reactor （PWR）, containment reactor is pressurized by steam and hydrogen released from a primary circuit breach and distributed into the containment according to convective flows and steam wall condensation. In addition, core degradation leads to fission products released into the containment. Water spraying is used in the containment as mitigation means in order to reduce pressure, to remove fission products and to enhance the gas mixing in case of presence of hydrogen. This paper presents results of the TOSQAN aerosol program undertaken by the Institute de Radioprotection et de Sfiret6 Nucl6aire （IRSN） devoted to study the aerosol removal by a spray, for typical accidental thermal hydraulic conditions in PWR containment. The TOSQAN facility is a large enclosure devoted to simulate typical accidental thermal hydraulic flow conditions in nuclear PWR containment.展开更多
基金Supported by National Key Laboratory of Bubble Physics and Natural Circulation (2005)
文摘Droplet turbulence effect on gas-water separator with corrugated plates is explored using the Eulerian-Lagrangian two-way coupled multiphase approach of FLUENT. It is concluded that the inertial force is dominant in separating large droplets, while droplet turbulence dispersion plays a decisive role in separating fine droplets. Good agreement exists between calculations and air-water experiments. The numerical method developed provides a rea-sonable description of the droplet trajectories and separating efficiency, and it can be applied to predicting the performance of gas-water separator with corrugated plates.
基金Project(92066205)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2019-Z10)supported by the State Key Lab for Advanced Metals and Materials of ChinaProject(FRF-MP-20-52)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China。
文摘The almost completely dense copper was prepared by ultrafine copper powder prepared with both methods of electrolysis and novel water-gas atomization through cold isostatic pressing(CIP)and sintering under atmospheric hydrogen.Fine copper powder possesses the higher sintering driving force,thereby promoting shrinkage and densification during the sintering process.The grain size of sintered samples by electrolytic copper powder is smaller than that prepared by the atomized copper powder,and the twin crystals are particularly prone to forming in the former sintered microstructure due to the raw powder with low oxygen content and high residual stress originating from the CIP process.The relative density of samples by electrolytic and atomized powder at 1000℃ sintering temperature achieves 99.3%and 97.4%,respectively,significantly higher than that of the powder metallurgy copper parts reported in the literature.Correspondingly,the ultimate tensile strength and yield strength of samples by both kinds of copper powder are approximately similar,while the elongation of the sintered sample by the electrolytic powder(60%)is apparently higher than the atomized powder(44%).The superior performance of samples fabricated by electrolytic powder is inferred from the full density and low oxygen level for there is no cuprous oxide in the grain boundaries.
文摘Dew and fog play major roles in providing the atmospheric moisture for plants and arthropods living in arid regions all over the world. Studies are needed to discriminate between dew and fog. A radiation system was developed for measuring the incoming and outgoing solar （shortwave） radiation using two CM21 Kipp ＆ Zonen pyranometers （one inverted）, and the incoming （atmospheric） and outgoing （terrestrial） longwave radiation using two CG1 pyrgeometers in Logan （41047＇ N, 111~51＇ W, 1,460 m above mean sea level）, Utah, USA, continuously since 1995. These instruments are ventilated with heated air to prevent precipitation of dew and frost on the sensors, which otherwise would disturb the measurements. Based upon these measurements and an algorithm, the cloud base height, the cloud base temperature and percent of cloudiness can be parameterized at local scale. A cloud base height around zero would indicate fog at the local scale. In 1999, Bowen ratio system was added to measure the evapotranspiration, dew and frost continuously throughout the year at the same location close to the radiation system. Combining these two systems （radiation and Bowen ratio） has yielded a reasonable approach to differentiate between the atmospheric moistures collected by dew and fog.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50706028)Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project,China(No.S30503)
文摘An experimental investigation of natural gas hydrate formation has been conducted in a high-pressure water spraying reactor,which is cooled by the circulation water through an external cooling jacket.The results show that the morphology of hydrates formed by water spraying is like ice-slurry,which depends on the initial pressure and temperature.At a certain reaction pressure,the rate of hydrate formation is increasing with lower temperature.And also,the induction time of hydrate formation can be greatly shortened by water spraying compared to a quiescent system.Solution with appropriate surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is found to improve the formation rate obviously.
文摘During the course of a hypothetical severe accident in a nuclear Pressurized Water Reactor （PWR）, containment reactor is pressurized by steam and hydrogen released from a primary circuit breach and distributed into the containment according to convective flows and steam wall condensation. In addition, core degradation leads to fission products released into the containment. Water spraying is used in the containment as mitigation means in order to reduce pressure, to remove fission products and to enhance the gas mixing in case of presence of hydrogen. This paper presents results of the TOSQAN aerosol program undertaken by the Institute de Radioprotection et de Sfiret6 Nucl6aire （IRSN） devoted to study the aerosol removal by a spray, for typical accidental thermal hydraulic conditions in PWR containment. The TOSQAN facility is a large enclosure devoted to simulate typical accidental thermal hydraulic flow conditions in nuclear PWR containment.
