Bubble motions and bubble-wall interactions in stagnant liquid were experimentally investigated by high-speed CCD and PIV technique with the main feature parameters such as E?tv?s numbers Eo = 0.98–1.10, Morton numbe...Bubble motions and bubble-wall interactions in stagnant liquid were experimentally investigated by high-speed CCD and PIV technique with the main feature parameters such as E?tv?s numbers Eo = 0.98–1.10, Morton number Mo = 3.21 × 10^(-9)and Reynolds numbers Re = 180 ~ 190. The effect of bubble injecting frequency and the distance S between the gas injection nozzle and the wall on the statistical trajectory of bubbles, average velocity distribution of flow field and Reynolds shear stress were studied in detail. It was shown that the combination of bubble injecting frequency and the distance S caused different bubble motion forms and hydrodynamic characteristics.When the normalized initial distance was very little, like S*≈ 1.2(here S*= 2S/d_e, and deis the bubble equivalent diameter), bubbles ascended in a zigzag trajectory with alternant structure of high and low speed flow field around the bubbles, and the distribution of positive and negative Reynolds shear stress looked like a blob. With the increase of distance S*, bubbles' trajectory would tend to be smooth and straight from the zigzag curve. Meanwhile, with the increase of bubble injecting frequency, the camber of bubble trajectory at 20<y<60 mm had a slight increase due to the inhibitory effect from the vertical wall. Under larger spacing, such as S*≈ 3.6, the low-frequency bubbles gradually moved away from the vertical plane wall in a straight trajectory and the high-frequency bubbles gradually moved close to the vertical wall in a similar straight trajectory after an unstable camber motion. Under the circumstances, high-speed fluid was mainly distributed in the region between the wall and the bubbles, while the relative large Reynolds shear stress mainly existed in the region far away from the wall.展开更多
The critical curves for binary systems of methane combined with nitrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ethane, propane, butane and water at temperatures from 125 K to 650 K and pressures from 3.5 MPa to 250 MPa we...The critical curves for binary systems of methane combined with nitrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ethane, propane, butane and water at temperatures from 125 K to 650 K and pressures from 3.5 MPa to 250 MPa were calculated by using Heilig-Franck equation of state. This equation of state contains a repulsion term and an attraction term for intermolecular interaction. With pairwise combination rules for these potentials, three adjustable parameters are needed. The results showed that the critical curves of the former six binary systems belonged to type I, and CH4＋H2O system belonged to type III. The calculated data were compared with the experimental data,which yielded good results for the pressure-temperature, pressure-composition and temperature-composition behaviors of the seven systems. Moreover, the values of the adjustable parameters were obtained from the calculation of the critical curves. They can also be used for other relevant calculation.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11572357,11602077)
文摘Bubble motions and bubble-wall interactions in stagnant liquid were experimentally investigated by high-speed CCD and PIV technique with the main feature parameters such as E?tv?s numbers Eo = 0.98–1.10, Morton number Mo = 3.21 × 10^(-9)and Reynolds numbers Re = 180 ~ 190. The effect of bubble injecting frequency and the distance S between the gas injection nozzle and the wall on the statistical trajectory of bubbles, average velocity distribution of flow field and Reynolds shear stress were studied in detail. It was shown that the combination of bubble injecting frequency and the distance S caused different bubble motion forms and hydrodynamic characteristics.When the normalized initial distance was very little, like S*≈ 1.2(here S*= 2S/d_e, and deis the bubble equivalent diameter), bubbles ascended in a zigzag trajectory with alternant structure of high and low speed flow field around the bubbles, and the distribution of positive and negative Reynolds shear stress looked like a blob. With the increase of distance S*, bubbles' trajectory would tend to be smooth and straight from the zigzag curve. Meanwhile, with the increase of bubble injecting frequency, the camber of bubble trajectory at 20<y<60 mm had a slight increase due to the inhibitory effect from the vertical wall. Under larger spacing, such as S*≈ 3.6, the low-frequency bubbles gradually moved away from the vertical plane wall in a straight trajectory and the high-frequency bubbles gradually moved close to the vertical wall in a similar straight trajectory after an unstable camber motion. Under the circumstances, high-speed fluid was mainly distributed in the region between the wall and the bubbles, while the relative large Reynolds shear stress mainly existed in the region far away from the wall.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No 20476071)
文摘The critical curves for binary systems of methane combined with nitrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ethane, propane, butane and water at temperatures from 125 K to 650 K and pressures from 3.5 MPa to 250 MPa were calculated by using Heilig-Franck equation of state. This equation of state contains a repulsion term and an attraction term for intermolecular interaction. With pairwise combination rules for these potentials, three adjustable parameters are needed. The results showed that the critical curves of the former six binary systems belonged to type I, and CH4＋H2O system belonged to type III. The calculated data were compared with the experimental data,which yielded good results for the pressure-temperature, pressure-composition and temperature-composition behaviors of the seven systems. Moreover, the values of the adjustable parameters were obtained from the calculation of the critical curves. They can also be used for other relevant calculation.
