This review focuses on the application of process engineering in electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices innovation. For polymer electrolyte based devices, it highlights that a strategic simple switch fr...This review focuses on the application of process engineering in electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices innovation. For polymer electrolyte based devices, it highlights that a strategic simple switch from proton exchange membranes(PEMs) to hydroxide exchange membranes(HEMs) may lead to a new-generation of affordable electrochemical energy devices including fuel cells, electrolyzers, and solar hydrogen generators. For lithium-ion batteries, a series of advancements in design and chemistry are required for electric vehicle and energy storage applications. Manufacturing process development and optimization of the LiF eP O_4/C cathode materials and several emerging novel anode materials are also discussed using the authors' work as examples.Design and manufacturing process of lithium-ion battery electrodes are introduced in detail, and modeling and optimization of large-scale lithium-ion batteries are also presented. Electrochemical energy materials and device innovations can be further prompted by better understanding of the fundamental transport phenomena involved in unit operations.展开更多
In structure of manufacture of PFER （primary fuel and energy resources） in Central Asia region the leading place occupies now organic fuel. Thus about half of total amount of power resources it is necessary on the n...In structure of manufacture of PFER （primary fuel and energy resources） in Central Asia region the leading place occupies now organic fuel. Thus about half of total amount of power resources it is necessary on the natural gas which basic stocks are concentrated in Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. More than 95% of all electric power in Tajikistan is developed by hydroelectric power stations. Use of hydrogen as energy carrier allows to consider and solve power problems in close connection with ecological. At a large factory electrolysis of water with capacity of 450 t/day and more expenses of the electric power on 1 m3 hydrogen can be finished by capacity up to 4.0-4.5 kWt.h. At such expense of the electric power in a number of power situations electrolysis of water, even in modem conditions can become a competitive method of obtaining of hydrogen.展开更多
The influences of water media on the hydrogen isotopic composition of organic-thermogenic natural gas were tested in three series of experiments on coal pyrolysis, with no water, deionized water （δDH2O-58‰）, and s...The influences of water media on the hydrogen isotopic composition of organic-thermogenic natural gas were tested in three series of experiments on coal pyrolysis, with no water, deionized water （δDH2O-58‰）, and seawater （δSDn2O=-4.8‰） added, respectively. The experimental results show that the productivities of H2 and CO2 obviously increased under hydrous conditions and that the productivity of CH4 also remarkably increased in the high-evolution phase of hydrous experiments. Water was involved in the chemical reaction of hydrocarbon generation, and then the hydrogen isotopic composition of methane was affected. There is a linear correlation between the hydrogen isotopic composition of methane and its productivity, as reflected in the three series of experiments. In the case of the same CH4 productivity, the hydrogen isotopic composition of the methane produced in anhydrous experiments was the heaviest, that of the methane produced in seawater-adding experiments came second, and that of the methane produced in deionized water-adding experiments was the ligbtest. The hydrogen isotopic composition of natural gas/methane is affected by the following factors： 1） the characteristics of hydrogen isotopic composition of organic matter in source rocks, 2） the thermal evolution extent of organic matter, and 3） fossil-water media in the natural gas-generation period. The experimental results show that the influence of the fossil-water medium in the natural gas-generation period was lower than that of the other factors.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2014CB239703)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21336003)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(14DZ2250800)
文摘This review focuses on the application of process engineering in electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices innovation. For polymer electrolyte based devices, it highlights that a strategic simple switch from proton exchange membranes(PEMs) to hydroxide exchange membranes(HEMs) may lead to a new-generation of affordable electrochemical energy devices including fuel cells, electrolyzers, and solar hydrogen generators. For lithium-ion batteries, a series of advancements in design and chemistry are required for electric vehicle and energy storage applications. Manufacturing process development and optimization of the LiF eP O_4/C cathode materials and several emerging novel anode materials are also discussed using the authors' work as examples.Design and manufacturing process of lithium-ion battery electrodes are introduced in detail, and modeling and optimization of large-scale lithium-ion batteries are also presented. Electrochemical energy materials and device innovations can be further prompted by better understanding of the fundamental transport phenomena involved in unit operations.
文摘In structure of manufacture of PFER （primary fuel and energy resources） in Central Asia region the leading place occupies now organic fuel. Thus about half of total amount of power resources it is necessary on the natural gas which basic stocks are concentrated in Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. More than 95% of all electric power in Tajikistan is developed by hydroelectric power stations. Use of hydrogen as energy carrier allows to consider and solve power problems in close connection with ecological. At a large factory electrolysis of water with capacity of 450 t/day and more expenses of the electric power on 1 m3 hydrogen can be finished by capacity up to 4.0-4.5 kWt.h. At such expense of the electric power in a number of power situations electrolysis of water, even in modem conditions can become a competitive method of obtaining of hydrogen.
基金supported jointly by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40703001) the "Western Doctors’ Project under the Western Light Program" sponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘The influences of water media on the hydrogen isotopic composition of organic-thermogenic natural gas were tested in three series of experiments on coal pyrolysis, with no water, deionized water （δDH2O-58‰）, and seawater （δSDn2O=-4.8‰） added, respectively. The experimental results show that the productivities of H2 and CO2 obviously increased under hydrous conditions and that the productivity of CH4 also remarkably increased in the high-evolution phase of hydrous experiments. Water was involved in the chemical reaction of hydrocarbon generation, and then the hydrogen isotopic composition of methane was affected. There is a linear correlation between the hydrogen isotopic composition of methane and its productivity, as reflected in the three series of experiments. In the case of the same CH4 productivity, the hydrogen isotopic composition of the methane produced in anhydrous experiments was the heaviest, that of the methane produced in seawater-adding experiments came second, and that of the methane produced in deionized water-adding experiments was the ligbtest. The hydrogen isotopic composition of natural gas/methane is affected by the following factors： 1） the characteristics of hydrogen isotopic composition of organic matter in source rocks, 2） the thermal evolution extent of organic matter, and 3） fossil-water media in the natural gas-generation period. The experimental results show that the influence of the fossil-water medium in the natural gas-generation period was lower than that of the other factors.
