针对热核聚变面向等离子体钨材料中氦泡形成、演变以及机理研究的需求,克服目前常用离子注入、电子扫描显微镜和透射电子显微镜等离线研究手段存在的不足,提出氦离子显微镜对钨中氦的上述行为原位实时在线研究方法.借助氦离子显微镜的...针对热核聚变面向等离子体钨材料中氦泡形成、演变以及机理研究的需求,克服目前常用离子注入、电子扫描显微镜和透射电子显微镜等离线研究手段存在的不足,提出氦离子显微镜对钨中氦的上述行为原位实时在线研究方法.借助氦离子显微镜的离子注入、显微成像和聚焦离子束纳米加工功能,它可以提供能量为0.5—35 ke V、束流密度可达10^(25) ions/(m^2·s)以上的氦离子束,在该设备上进行钨中氦的注入实验.同时在注入过程,实时在线监测钨中氦泡形成、演变过程以及钨材料表面形貌的变化,原位在线分析钨材料表面氦泡的大小、迁移合并以及其诱发的钨表面和近表面的微观损伤.实验结果表明:氦离子显微镜是研究钨中氦行为演变过程及其微观机理研究的新的研究手段和强有力的实验工具.展开更多
为了研究He在材料中的行为,借助10B的(n,α)核反应,通过反应堆热中子对Al-B合金进行辐照,引入He原子密度达6.2×1025 m-3。采用同步辐射X射线小角散射法(Synchrotron small angle X-ray scattering,SAXS)原位测试了不同温度下合金...为了研究He在材料中的行为,借助10B的(n,α)核反应,通过反应堆热中子对Al-B合金进行辐照,引入He原子密度达6.2×1025 m-3。采用同步辐射X射线小角散射法(Synchrotron small angle X-ray scattering,SAXS)原位测试了不同温度下合金中He的状态变化,并结合透射电镜(Transmission electron microscope,TEM)对试样进行了观察;采用X射线衍射和中子衍射法分析了合金晶格参数的变化。SAXS分析表明,随着温度升高试样内部的颗粒和孔洞消失,He泡数量不断增多、尺寸增大。700 oC下He泡的半径大约增大到10 nm,与室温时颗粒和孔洞相当。衍射分析表明,B原子引入使得Al晶格常数增大,但不存在可见的第二相,中子辐照使得生成的Li和He原子进入Al晶格,进一步加大了晶格常数。辐照后的样品加热使得He从晶格间隙位置扩散到晶界形成He泡,从而缓解了对晶格的挤压,导致了晶格常数的回复减小,第一性原理计算得到的间隙原子B、Li、He引起的晶格肿胀解释了这一结果。展开更多
The molecular dynamics （MD） simulation and the modified analytical embedded-atom method （MAEAM） were used to study the influence of a He atom on the movement of the（a/2）？110？{111} edge dislocation in Ni. First...The molecular dynamics （MD） simulation and the modified analytical embedded-atom method （MAEAM） were used to study the influence of a He atom on the movement of the（a/2）？110？{111} edge dislocation in Ni. First, the calculated Burgers vector distribution shows that the equilibrium dissociation distance （Ded） and the stacking fault energy （Esf） between two partial edge dislocations are about 25.95 ？ and 108 mJ/m2, respectively. Then, the obtained formation energies （Ef） of a He atom at some different sites demonstrate that the He atom is attracted and repelled in the tension and compression regions, respectively. And the He？dislocation interaction reveals that an interstitial He atom plays a more significant role in the dislocation movement than a substitutional He atom. Finally, it is found that the movement of an interstitial He atom is apparent as the first partial dislocation bypasses and the edge dislocation offers fast-diffusion path for the migration of a He atom.展开更多
We investigate the structure,trapping,and diffusion behaviors of helium(He) at vacancy in a Fe single crystal using first-principles simulations.Vacancy with more space can provide the lower electron density region fo...We investigate the structure,trapping,and diffusion behaviors of helium(He) at vacancy in a Fe single crystal using first-principles simulations.Vacancy with more space can provide the lower electron density region for He binding in comparison with intrinsic Fe,causing He to diffuse into the vacancy inner easily.We provide the quantitative microscopic studies related to the atomic-level thermo-kinetic trapping processes.Moreover,such physical viewpoint can be applied to other vacancy-like defects such as vacancy clusters,void and grain boundaries which can open a space with reduced electron density region to increase He binding in metals and metal alloys.展开更多
文摘针对热核聚变面向等离子体钨材料中氦泡形成、演变以及机理研究的需求,克服目前常用离子注入、电子扫描显微镜和透射电子显微镜等离线研究手段存在的不足,提出氦离子显微镜对钨中氦的上述行为原位实时在线研究方法.借助氦离子显微镜的离子注入、显微成像和聚焦离子束纳米加工功能,它可以提供能量为0.5—35 ke V、束流密度可达10^(25) ions/(m^2·s)以上的氦离子束,在该设备上进行钨中氦的注入实验.同时在注入过程,实时在线监测钨中氦泡形成、演变过程以及钨材料表面形貌的变化,原位在线分析钨材料表面氦泡的大小、迁移合并以及其诱发的钨表面和近表面的微观损伤.实验结果表明:氦离子显微镜是研究钨中氦行为演变过程及其微观机理研究的新的研究手段和强有力的实验工具.
文摘为了研究He在材料中的行为,借助10B的(n,α)核反应,通过反应堆热中子对Al-B合金进行辐照,引入He原子密度达6.2×1025 m-3。采用同步辐射X射线小角散射法(Synchrotron small angle X-ray scattering,SAXS)原位测试了不同温度下合金中He的状态变化,并结合透射电镜(Transmission electron microscope,TEM)对试样进行了观察;采用X射线衍射和中子衍射法分析了合金晶格参数的变化。SAXS分析表明,随着温度升高试样内部的颗粒和孔洞消失,He泡数量不断增多、尺寸增大。700 oC下He泡的半径大约增大到10 nm,与室温时颗粒和孔洞相当。衍射分析表明,B原子引入使得Al晶格常数增大,但不存在可见的第二相,中子辐照使得生成的Li和He原子进入Al晶格,进一步加大了晶格常数。辐照后的样品加热使得He从晶格间隙位置扩散到晶界形成He泡,从而缓解了对晶格的挤压,导致了晶格常数的回复减小,第一性原理计算得到的间隙原子B、Li、He引起的晶格肿胀解释了这一结果。
基金Project(ZL1405)supported by the Talent Project of Lingnan Normal University,China
文摘The molecular dynamics （MD） simulation and the modified analytical embedded-atom method （MAEAM） were used to study the influence of a He atom on the movement of the（a/2）？110？{111} edge dislocation in Ni. First, the calculated Burgers vector distribution shows that the equilibrium dissociation distance （Ded） and the stacking fault energy （Esf） between two partial edge dislocations are about 25.95 ？ and 108 mJ/m2, respectively. Then, the obtained formation energies （Ef） of a He atom at some different sites demonstrate that the He atom is attracted and repelled in the tension and compression regions, respectively. And the He？dislocation interaction reveals that an interstitial He atom plays a more significant role in the dislocation movement than a substitutional He atom. Finally, it is found that the movement of an interstitial He atom is apparent as the first partial dislocation bypasses and the edge dislocation offers fast-diffusion path for the migration of a He atom.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51101135)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong (Grant No. ZR2010AM002)
文摘We investigate the structure,trapping,and diffusion behaviors of helium(He) at vacancy in a Fe single crystal using first-principles simulations.Vacancy with more space can provide the lower electron density region for He binding in comparison with intrinsic Fe,causing He to diffuse into the vacancy inner easily.We provide the quantitative microscopic studies related to the atomic-level thermo-kinetic trapping processes.Moreover,such physical viewpoint can be applied to other vacancy-like defects such as vacancy clusters,void and grain boundaries which can open a space with reduced electron density region to increase He binding in metals and metal alloys.
