前言瓶装啤酒巴氏杀菌过程中必然对啤酒的品质和风味造成一定的破坏,这就要求我们控制合理的PU 值。若 PU 值过高,啤酒杀菌过度,可能导致啤酒口味粗糙,有氧化味,色泽加深;若 PU 值过低,可能会影响到啤酒的生物稳定性,卫检不合格,甚至严...前言瓶装啤酒巴氏杀菌过程中必然对啤酒的品质和风味造成一定的破坏,这就要求我们控制合理的PU 值。若 PU 值过高,啤酒杀菌过度,可能导致啤酒口味粗糙,有氧化味,色泽加深;若 PU 值过低,可能会影响到啤酒的生物稳定性,卫检不合格,甚至严重的还会导致啤酒的酸败、混浊。今年我厂新购进一台先进的 PW-B 型杀菌 PU 计。展开更多
The effect of a potential probiotic on the growth performance and immune response of sea cucumber(Apostichopus japonicus) was investigated. Bacillus baekryungensis YD13 isolated from sea cucumber culturing ponds was a...The effect of a potential probiotic on the growth performance and immune response of sea cucumber(Apostichopus japonicus) was investigated. Bacillus baekryungensis YD13 isolated from sea cucumber culturing ponds was added to sea cucumber basal feed as a probiotic in different doses(0, the control; 1×104(YD134), 1×106(YD136) and 1×108(YD138) CFU g-1 of diet), and administered orally to A. japonicus(initial mean wet weight 5.44 g ± 0.17 g). The sea cucumbers were fed in 20 aquaria, 5 each treatment, for 60 d. At the end of growth trial, 20 sea cucumbers from each treatment were challenged with Vibrio splendidus. A. japonicus in YD134 and YD136 exhibited significantly better growth performance than control(P < 0.05). Five non-specific immune parameters including lysozyme, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, superoxide dismutase and catalase in coelomic fluid were measured to evaluate the immune response of A. japonicus to the probiotics. Results showed that all parameters were significantly improved when YD11 was supplemented in the dose of 1×106 CFU g-1(P < 0.05). The cumulative incidence and mortality after the Vibrio splendidus challenge decreased significantly in sea cucumbers of YD136. Accordingly, 1×106 CFU g-1 of YD13 in diet was recommended for the growth promotion and immune enhancement of A. japonicus.展开更多
Laboratory research and engineering applications demonstrated that oxygen aeration can rapidly increase the level of dissolved oxygen in the water of severely polluted rivers. This method was capable of eliminating th...Laboratory research and engineering applications demonstrated that oxygen aeration can rapidly increase the level of dissolved oxygen in the water of severely polluted rivers. This method was capable of eliminating the odorous substances from black odorous water and reducing the color shade of water, but could not remove the NH3-N, COD, TP or other common pollutants. Therefore, oxygen aeration can be implemented to rapidly eliminate black odorous from rivers, lakes and reservoirs, but cannot be used as a permanent method for treating pollution of rivers.展开更多
The goal of this study was to determine the content of such biological active metals as Se, Hg, AI, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb, Mg, Ca and Fe in Boletus Edulis mushrooms and to study the effect of mushrooms as inhibitors of b...The goal of this study was to determine the content of such biological active metals as Se, Hg, AI, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb, Mg, Ca and Fe in Boletus Edulis mushrooms and to study the effect of mushrooms as inhibitors of blood serum copper-initiated lipid peroxidation. The metals content was determined by ICP-OES technique and blood lipids peroxidation in vitro was assessed by thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances measurement. The dependency between quality and content of the determined biological active metals has been traced. Samples were analyzed of wild growing mushrooms Boletus Edulis from two mountain regions in Bulgaria. On the average the content of Se in Boletus Edulis was found to be 25 mg/kg dried mushroom, this content being higher in tubules than in fleshy part. We found that Boletus Edulis mushrooms inhibited lipid peroxidation in the concentration dependent manner. The effective concentration of Boletus Edulis is in 5 times lower compared to the concentration of Cantharellus Cibarius resulting in similar lipid peroxidation inhibition. This effect can be explained by 56 times higher content of Se and by 1.5 and 3 times lower content of such initiators of lipid peroxidation as Cu and Fe in Boletus Edulis compared to Cantharellus Cibarius. A system with a source of infrared radiation heating, developed by authors, was used for the mushroom mineralization. We conclude that Boletus Edulis is an effective inhibitor of blood lipid peroxidation and in 5 times stronger rather than Cantharellus Cibarius.展开更多
Mostly fed with grass in fresh or conserved form, cattle and other livestock have to cope with silicate defence bodies from plants （phytoliths） and environmental silicates （grit）, which abrade tooth enamel and cou...Mostly fed with grass in fresh or conserved form, cattle and other livestock have to cope with silicate defence bodies from plants （phytoliths） and environmental silicates （grit）, which abrade tooth enamel and could additionally interact with various salivary proteins. To detect potential candidates for silicate-binding proteins, bovine whole saliva was incubated with grass-derived phytoliths and silicates. Interactions of salivary proteins with pulverized bovine dental enamel and dentine were additionally analysed. After intense washing, the powder fractions were loaded onto 1D-polyacrylamide gels, most prominent adhesive protein bands were cut out and proteins were identified by mass spectrometry within three independent replicates. All materials were mainly botmd by bovine odorant-binding protein, bovine salivary protein 30× 10^3 and carbonic anhydrase VI. The phytolith/silicate fraction showed additional stronger interaction with haemoglobin β and lactoperoxidase. Conceivably, the binding of these proteins to the surfaces may contribute to biological processes occurring on them.展开更多
文摘前言瓶装啤酒巴氏杀菌过程中必然对啤酒的品质和风味造成一定的破坏,这就要求我们控制合理的PU 值。若 PU 值过高,啤酒杀菌过度,可能导致啤酒口味粗糙,有氧化味,色泽加深;若 PU 值过低,可能会影响到啤酒的生物稳定性,卫检不合格,甚至严重的还会导致啤酒的酸败、混浊。今年我厂新购进一台先进的 PW-B 型杀菌 PU 计。
基金supported by the National Programs for High Technology Research and Development of China (Grant No. 2006AA10Z409)the program for Excellent Youth Foundation of Shandong Province (Grant No. JQ201009)the program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (Grant No. NCET-08-0503)
文摘The effect of a potential probiotic on the growth performance and immune response of sea cucumber(Apostichopus japonicus) was investigated. Bacillus baekryungensis YD13 isolated from sea cucumber culturing ponds was added to sea cucumber basal feed as a probiotic in different doses(0, the control; 1×104(YD134), 1×106(YD136) and 1×108(YD138) CFU g-1 of diet), and administered orally to A. japonicus(initial mean wet weight 5.44 g ± 0.17 g). The sea cucumbers were fed in 20 aquaria, 5 each treatment, for 60 d. At the end of growth trial, 20 sea cucumbers from each treatment were challenged with Vibrio splendidus. A. japonicus in YD134 and YD136 exhibited significantly better growth performance than control(P < 0.05). Five non-specific immune parameters including lysozyme, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, superoxide dismutase and catalase in coelomic fluid were measured to evaluate the immune response of A. japonicus to the probiotics. Results showed that all parameters were significantly improved when YD11 was supplemented in the dose of 1×106 CFU g-1(P < 0.05). The cumulative incidence and mortality after the Vibrio splendidus challenge decreased significantly in sea cucumbers of YD136. Accordingly, 1×106 CFU g-1 of YD13 in diet was recommended for the growth promotion and immune enhancement of A. japonicus.
文摘Laboratory research and engineering applications demonstrated that oxygen aeration can rapidly increase the level of dissolved oxygen in the water of severely polluted rivers. This method was capable of eliminating the odorous substances from black odorous water and reducing the color shade of water, but could not remove the NH3-N, COD, TP or other common pollutants. Therefore, oxygen aeration can be implemented to rapidly eliminate black odorous from rivers, lakes and reservoirs, but cannot be used as a permanent method for treating pollution of rivers.
文摘The goal of this study was to determine the content of such biological active metals as Se, Hg, AI, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb, Mg, Ca and Fe in Boletus Edulis mushrooms and to study the effect of mushrooms as inhibitors of blood serum copper-initiated lipid peroxidation. The metals content was determined by ICP-OES technique and blood lipids peroxidation in vitro was assessed by thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances measurement. The dependency between quality and content of the determined biological active metals has been traced. Samples were analyzed of wild growing mushrooms Boletus Edulis from two mountain regions in Bulgaria. On the average the content of Se in Boletus Edulis was found to be 25 mg/kg dried mushroom, this content being higher in tubules than in fleshy part. We found that Boletus Edulis mushrooms inhibited lipid peroxidation in the concentration dependent manner. The effective concentration of Boletus Edulis is in 5 times lower compared to the concentration of Cantharellus Cibarius resulting in similar lipid peroxidation inhibition. This effect can be explained by 56 times higher content of Se and by 1.5 and 3 times lower content of such initiators of lipid peroxidation as Cu and Fe in Boletus Edulis compared to Cantharellus Cibarius. A system with a source of infrared radiation heating, developed by authors, was used for the mushroom mineralization. We conclude that Boletus Edulis is an effective inhibitor of blood lipid peroxidation and in 5 times stronger rather than Cantharellus Cibarius.
基金supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG, SU 124/15-1)
文摘Mostly fed with grass in fresh or conserved form, cattle and other livestock have to cope with silicate defence bodies from plants （phytoliths） and environmental silicates （grit）, which abrade tooth enamel and could additionally interact with various salivary proteins. To detect potential candidates for silicate-binding proteins, bovine whole saliva was incubated with grass-derived phytoliths and silicates. Interactions of salivary proteins with pulverized bovine dental enamel and dentine were additionally analysed. After intense washing, the powder fractions were loaded onto 1D-polyacrylamide gels, most prominent adhesive protein bands were cut out and proteins were identified by mass spectrometry within three independent replicates. All materials were mainly botmd by bovine odorant-binding protein, bovine salivary protein 30× 10^3 and carbonic anhydrase VI. The phytolith/silicate fraction showed additional stronger interaction with haemoglobin β and lactoperoxidase. Conceivably, the binding of these proteins to the surfaces may contribute to biological processes occurring on them.
