类可可脂及可可脂氧化影响因素与稳定性关系研究

本文借助纸层析、HPLC和ICP -MS对乌桕类可可脂 (CTCBE)及天然可可脂 (CB)中的胡萝卜素、生育酚和现行量金属元素Cu、Fe、Mn、Cr、Co、Ni、Al、V进行了分析 ,并用烘箱贮藏法评价CTCBE及CB的氧化稳定性。结果表明 ,CTCBE及CB都具有较高含量的Cu和Fe ,但CB与CTCBE相比 ,CB含有较多胡萝卜素和生育酚 ,而CTCBE不含。

水处理中基于臭氧的高级氧化工艺及其影响因素

本文概述了臭氧高级氧化的影响因素,讨论了主要的反应机制和副产物的形成。基于臭氧的高级氧化方法指的是将羟基自由基作为主要的氧化剂,以使得水中的有机物氧化分解并使之矿化的氧化方法。?OH作为氧化剂可以通过亲电加成、脱氢、电子转移等与大多数有机污染物快速反应,并将其氧化分解为CO 2 、H 2 O和无机物,应用前景广阔。

广州市工业二氧化碳排放影响因素分析

本文在对广州市工业能源消费和二氧化碳排放研究基础上,通过分析工业总产值、产业结构、社会固定资产投资、能源消费结构、能源利用效率、工业科技投入六个影响因素对工业二氧化碳排放的影响,将我市工业二氧化碳排放影响因素分析最终归结为产业结构、能源消费结构、科技投入三个综合性影响因素,从而提出减少工业二氧化碳排放对策建议。

冠心病氧化型低密度脂蛋白自身抗体影响因素分析

目的探讨冠心病患者血清氧化型低密度脂蛋白自身抗体（ox—LDLab）的影响因素。方法选择冠心病患者为研究对象，分为稳定型心绞痛组（SAP组）、不稳定型心绞痛组（UAP组）和急性心肌梗死（AMI组），另以正常健康人为对照组（CON组），比较四组研究对象BMI指数、脉压（PP）、常规生化指标和OX—LDLab的差异，分析OX—LDLab与相关因素的关糸。结果四组研究对象BMI指数、PP、FBG和HbAlc差异无统计学意义（p〉0．05）；SAP组、UAP组和AMI组患者TC、TG、LDL、LP（a）和OX—LDLab显著高于CON组（p〈0．05），HDL显著低于CON组（p〈0．05）；SAP组、UAP组和AMI组患者TC、TG、LDL、HDL、LP（a）和OX—LDLab差异有统计学意义（p〈0．0s）。SAP组、UAP组和AMI组患者OX—LDLab与BMI指数、PP、FBG和HbA1C无相关性（P〉O．05），与TC、TG、LDL和LP（a）iE相关（rs〉0，P〈0．05），与HDL负相关（rs〈0，P〈0．05）。结论冠心病患者血清OX—LDLab显著高于正常人，血脂是其主要的影响因素。

脂质体外消化过程中氧化评价模型与检测方法研究进展

脂质是人体所需三大营养素之一,其全摄入链的安全和健康特性备受重视。胃肠道内含有羟基、活性氮族等多种促氧化因子,使脂质在胃肠道消化过程中易产生氧化反应。体外模拟消化相比体内消化评价具有耗时短、无伦理问题等优点,是研究脂质胃肠道消化的优选方法。同时,考虑到人体消化道环境的复杂性和脂质的多样性,消化后脂质氧化状态的真实评价也尤为关键。在研究脂质消化过程以及脂质在消化道中的氧化状态时,需要将这些方法整合利用以求对相关问题进行全面性的探索。作者介绍了脂质在体内的消化过程和目前研究脂质常用的体外消化模型,阐述了脂质消化过程中氧化产物的检测方法,对于系统研究特定脂质消化过程中的氧化机理、氧化途径具有重要意义。

Advances in Greenhouse Gases Emission in Farmland Soils

[Objective] The aim was to overview the emission of greenhouse gases in farmland. [Method] Based on domestic and foreign references, production mechanism, discharging characters and major influential factors of CO2, CH4 and N2O in soils of farmland were overviewed. [Result] Production and discharge of CO2, CH. and N2O played an important role in circulation of carbon and nitrogen in terrestrial ecosystem and constituted a key method for carbon and nitrogen output. It is significant to conduct research on reduction of greenhouse gas and increase of absorption. [Conclusion] The research is beneficial for exploration on discharge rule and influential factors of greenhouse gases, providing theoretical references for reduction of greenhouse gases and study on climate change.

Influence factors on thermal conductivity of ammonia-water nanofluids

In order to investigate the mechanism of nanoparticles enhancing the heat and mass transfer of the ammonia-water absorption process,several types of binary nanofluids were prepared by mixing Al2O3 nanoparticles with polyacrylic acid(PAA),TiO2 with polyethylene glycol(PEG 1000),and TiN,SiC,hydroxyapatite(noodle-like) with PEG 10000 to ammonia-water solution,respectively.The thermal conductivities were measured by using a KD2 Pro thermal properties analyzer.The influences of surfactant and ammonia on the dispersion stabilities of the binary nanofluids were investigated by the light absorbency ratio index methods.The results show that the type,content and size of nanoparticles,the temperature as well as the dispersion stability are the key parameters that affect the thermal conductivity of nanofluids.For the given nanoparticle material and the base fluid,the thermal conductivity ratio of the nanofluid to the ammonia-water liquid increases as the nanoparticle content and the temperature are increased,and the diameter of nanoparticle is decreased.Furthermore,the thermal conductivity ratio increases significantly by improving the stabilities of nanofluids,which is achieved by adding surfactants or performing the proper ammonia content in the fluid.

The spatial distribution of commuting CO_2 emissions and the influential factors:A case study in Xi'an,China

As the transport sector is a major source of greenhouse gas emissions, the effect of urbanization on transport CO2 emissions in developing cities has become a key issue under global climate change. Examining the case of Xi＇an, this paper aims to explore the spatial distribution of commuting CO2 emissions and influencing factors in the new, urban industry zones and city centers considering Xi＇an＇s transition from a monocentric to a polycentric city in the process of urbanization. Based on household survey data from 1501 respondents, there are obvious differences in commuting CO2 emissions between new industry zones and city centers： City centers feature lower household emissions of 2.86 kg CO2 per week, whereas new industry zones generally have higher household emissions of 3.20 kg CO2 per week. Contrary to previous research results, not all new industry zones have high levels of CO2 emissions; with the rapid development of various types of industries, even a minimum level of household emissions of 2.53 kg CO2 per week is possible. The uneven distribution of commuting CO2 emissions is not uniformly affected by spatial parameters such as job-housing balance, residential density, employment density, and land use diversity. Optimum combination of the spatial parameters and travel pattern along with corresponding transport infrastructure construction may be an appropriate path to reduction and control of emissions from commuting.

High-efficiency acetaldehyde removal during solid-state polycondensation of poly(ethylene terephthalate) assisted by supercritical carbon dioxide

The concentration of acetaldehyde(AA) is the main quality index of poly(ethylene terephthalate)(PET) used in food and drink packaging.A new method for AA removal has been developed by using supercritical carbon dioxide(sc CO2) during the solid-state polycondensation of PET.The influence factors of AA removal including the temperature,pressure,reaction time and the size of pre-polymer particles are systematically studied in this work.The results indicate that it is a highly efficient way to obtain high molecular weight PET with relative low concentration of AA.Correspondingly,the polymerization degree of PET could increase from 27.9 to 85.6 while the concentration of AA reduces from 0.229 × 10^(-6) to 0.055 × 10^(-6) under the optimal operation conditions of 230 °C,8 MPa and size of 0.30–0.45 mm.Thermodynamic performance tests show the increasing extent of PET crystallinity due to the fact that the plasticization of sc CO_2 is not obvious with extended reaction time,therefore the increasing crystallinity has no significant influence on AA removal.SEM observations reveal that the effects of sc CO_(2-) induced plasticization and swelling on PET increase significantly with the decrease of prepolymer size,and the surface of PET becomes more loose and porous in favor of the AA removal.

Trend of Antarctic Ozone Hole and Its Influencing Factors

Influencing factors, and variations and trends of Antarctic ozone hole in recent decades are analyzed, and sudden change processes of ozone at Zhongshan station and the effect of atmospheric dynamic processes on ozone changes are also discussed by using the satellite ozone data and the ground-measured ozone data at two Antarctic stations as well as the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data. The results show that equivalent effective stratospheric chlorine (EESC) and stratospheric temperature are two important factors influencing the ozone hole. The column ozone at Zhongshan and Syowa stations is significantly related with EESC and stratospheric temperature, which means that even though the two stations are both located on the edge of the ozone hole, EESC and stratospheric temperature still played a very important role in column ozone changes, and mean while verifies that EESC is applicable on the coast of east Antarctic continent. Decadal changes in EESC are similar with those of the ozone hole, and inter-annual variations of ozone are closely related with stratospheric temperature. Based on the relation of EESC and ozone hole size, it can be projected that the ozone hole size will gradually reduce to the 1980's level from 2010 to around 2070. Of course there might exist many uncertainties in the projection, which therefore needs to be further studied.

Influencing Factors and Product Toxicity of Anthracene Oxidation by Fungal Laccase

The transformation profiles of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） by pure laccases from Trametes versicolor and Pycnoporus sanguineus, and the optimal reaction conditions （acetonitrile concentration, pH, temperature and incubation time） were determined. Anthracene was the most transformable PAH by both laccases, followed by benzo[a]pyrene, and benzo[a]anthracene. Laccase-mediator system （LMS） could not only improve the PAH oxidation but also extend the substrate types compared to laccase alone. 5e/0 or 10~ （v/v） of acetonitrile concentration, pH 4, temperature of 40 ~C, and incubation time of 24 h were most favorable for anthracene oxidation by laccase from T. versicolor or P. sanguineus. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis indicated that 9,10- anthraquinone was the main product of anthracene transformed by laccase from T. versicolor. Microtox test results showed that both anthracene and its laccase-transformation products were not acute toxic compounds, suggesting that laccase-treatment of anthracene would not increase the acute toxicity of contaminated site.