高氮馏分油加氢精制催化剂的研制

以含SiO2和/或TiO2的γ-Al2O3为复合载体、以W-Mo-Ni为活性金属组分,采用分步等体积浸渍法制备了一系列三叶草形加氢精制催化剂。采用X荧光射线、N2吸附比表面积、X射线衍射、扫描电镜等对催化剂结构进行了表征。在反应压力8.0MPa、反应温度340℃、氢油体积比600∶1、体积空速1.5h-1条件下,测定了催化剂的机械强度和表面酸性,采用100mL固定床加氢反应装置进行了催化剂性能评价。结果表明,所研制的催化剂对高氮劣质馏分油具有优异的加氢脱硫、脱氮及烯烃饱和性能,其中催化剂W-Mo-Ni/SiO2-TiO2-Al2O3的脱硫率可达到98%,脱氮率可达到97%和烯烃饱和率98%。

连续重整装置处理高氧含量对二乙苯的工业试验

介绍了某炼化公司针对芳烃联合装置吸附分离单元吸附剂更换停工期间退出的对二乙苯和二甲苯混合物料中总氧含量过高的问题,对各种处理方案开展评估,将该物料以较高比例掺混进入连续重整装置预加氢单元进行工业试验。对二乙苯含氧化合物在反应压力2.5 MPa、温度304℃、体积空速5.4 h^(-1)的连续重整预加氢反应工况下完成加氢脱氧反应,实现了高效回收C_8芳烃的目的,处理2 390 t对二乙苯和二甲苯混合物可增效66.5万元。

Synergism of Pt nanoparticles and iron oxide support for chemoselective hydrogenation of nitroarenes under mild conditions

An efficient and low-cost supported Pt catalyst for hydrogenation of niroarenes was prepared with colloid Pt precursors andα-Fe2O3 as a support.The catalyst with Pt content as low as 0.2 wt%exhibits high activities,chemoselectivities and stability in the hydrogenation of nitrobenzene and a variety of niroarenes.The conversion of nitrobenzene can reach 3170 molconv h^–1 molPt^–1 under mild conditions(30°C,5 bar),which is much higher than that of commercial Pt/C catalyst and many reported catalysts under similar reaction conditions.The spatial separation of the active sites for H2 dissociation and hydrogenation should be responsible for the high chemoselectivity,which decreases the contact possibility between the reducible groups of nitroarenes and Pt nanoparticles.The unique surface properties ofα-Fe2O3 play an important role in the reaction process.It provides active sites for hydrogen spillover and reactant adsorption,and ultimately completes the hydrogenation of the nitro group on the catalyst surface.

Hydrodeoxygenation of Phenolic Model Compounds over MoS2 Catalysts with Different Structures

Several MoS2 catalysts of different structure, prepared by in situ decomposition of ammonium heptamolybdate （AHM） and molybdenum naphthenate （MoNaph）, and by MoS2 exfoliation （TDM）, were characterized by BET, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, Energy Dispersive X-ray （EDX） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. The analysis showed that MoS2 structure was dependant upon the preparation procedure. The activity of the catalysts was determined by measuring the hydrodeoxygenation （HDO） of phenol, 4-methylphenol and 4-methoxyphenol using a batch autoclave reactor operated at 2.8 MPa of hydrogen and temperatures ranging from 320-370℃. By comparing the conversion, the reactivity order of the catalysts was： AHM〉TDM-D〉MoNaph〉thermal〉MoS2 powder〉 TDM-W. Also, the effect of reaction temperature on the HDO conversion was explained in terms of equilibrium of reversible reaction kinetics. The main products of the HDO for phenolic compounds were identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry （GC/MS）. The results showed that the product distribution and the HDO selectivity were correlated with the reaction temperature. Two parallel reaction routes, direct hydrogenolysis and combined hydrogenation-hydrogenolysis, were confirmed by the analysis of the product distribution. High temperature favored hydrogenolysis over hydrogenation for HDO of phenol and 4-methoxyphenol, whereas for 4-methylphenol the reverse was true.

A review of the interactions between ceria and H2 and the applications to selective hydrogenation of alkynes

Cerium oxide(ceria) has found a wide variety of applications in catalysis including as a catalyst, a modifier, or a support, largely thanks to its robust redox properties and versatile acid-base function. While it is often utilized for oxidation reactions, ceria has recently attracted intense research interest for its unusual ability to selectively hydrogenate alkynes to alkenes. The intriguing hydrogenation ability of ceria has sparked renewed research efforts to understand how pure ceria works as a hydrogenation catalyst. In this review, recent advances in both experimental and computational studies of ceria are summarized, focusing on the interaction of ceria with H2 and in hydrogenation reactions. Significant insights from various studies including in situ spectroscopy/microscopy and theoretic modeling of ceria in hydrogen-involved reactions are discussed, which shed light on the origin of the hydrogenation ability of ceria and the reaction mechanisms involved in ceria-catalyzed alkyne hydrogenation. Ways to further improve both the mechanistic understanding and catalytic performance of ceria-based materials for hydrogenation reactions are proposed at the end in the summary and outlook section.

Progress in the Technology for Desulfurization of Crude Oil

The poor quality of crude oil obviously leads to high sulfur contents of oil products, and the technology for desulfurization of crude oil is urgently needed so that the sulfur contents in petroleum product could be reduced from the root. This paper describes the progress in technology for desulfurization of crude oil. The present technologies for desulfurization of crude oil include caustic washing, dry gas desulfurization, hydrodesulfurization （HDS）, etc. The new combined technologies for desulfurization of crude oil being studied are： biodesulfurization （BDS）, hydrogenationbacterial catalysis, the microwave-catalytic hydrogenation, the BDS-OD-RA desulfurization and oxidative desulfurization in electrostatic fields, and the ultrasonic/microwave-catalytic oxidation applied in our lab, with their development trends being also discussed.

Recent development of supported monometallic gold as heterogeneous catalyst for selective liquid phase hydrogenation reactions

The great potential of gold catalysts for chemical conversions in both industrial and environmental concerns has attracted increasing interest in many fields of research.Gold nanoparticles supported by metal oxides with high surface area have been recognized as highly efficient and effective green heterogeneous catalyst even at room temperature under normal reaction conditions,in gas and liquid phase reactions.In the present review,we discuss the recent development of heterogeneous,supported monometallic gold catalysts for organic transformations emphasizing mainly liquid phase hydrogenation reactions.Discussions on the catalytic synthesis procedures and the promoting effect of other noble metals are omitted since they are already worked out.Applications of heterogeneous,supported monometallic catalysts for chemoselective hydrogenations in liquid phase are studied including potential articles during the period 2000–2013.