用固体碳及CO/CO_2还原电炉粉尘中氧化锌的研究

用化学试剂和实际电炉粉尘作试样，考察了利用固体碳和CO／CO2进行氧化锌还原的各种影响因素。研究发现，与固-固还原反应相比，气-固还原反应较快，但前者易受温度的影响。在CO／CO2—10，温度控制在1000-1100℃时，可保证电炉粉尘中氧化锌的顺利还原与气化分离。本研究为开发利用移动焦炭层的电炉粉尘处理新工艺提供了理论依据。

从还原挥发氧化锌烟尘中提锌、铟工艺研究

为了从还原挥发的氧化锌烟尘中提锌、铟,设计了浓酸熟化、三段浸出、萃取提铟、中和除杂工艺流程,经探索试验和周期试验结果表明:锌浸出率为99.63%,铟浸出率为95.13%,铟萃取率为99.63%,铁、砷、锑的脱除率(%)分别为:85.01、95.22、94.92,流程畅通,运行稳定,达到了有效回收锌、铟和脱除杂质的目的,可为处理类似氧化锌烟尘提锌、铟建厂提供参考。

掺杂Ba^(2+)改善锌铁氧体/还原氧化石墨烯的吸附性能和磁性能（英文）

以Ba^(2+)、Fe^(3+)、Zn^(2+)和氧化石墨烯(GO)为原料,采用一步溶剂热法制备了Ba^(2+)掺杂的锌铁氧体/还原氧化石墨烯(Ba^(2+)-ZF/rGO)磁性吸附剂材料。在反应过程中,实现了Ba^(2+)掺杂锌铁氧体(Ba^(2+)-ZF)的合成、GO的还原以及两相的复合等过程的同步进行,一步合成了Ba^(2+)-ZF/rGO复合材料。实验结果表明,无机粒子均匀地分散在还原氧化石墨烯(r GO)基底上,且无团聚现象。Ba^(2+)-ZF/rGO复合材料对染料分子具有优异的吸附性能,且吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型。特别地,Ba^(2+)、Fe^(2+)(来源于Fe^(3+)的还原)的引入极大地改善了复合材料的磁性能,显示出了良好的磁分离性。因此,本实验合成的Ba^(2+)-ZF/rGO复合材料是一种高效且具有良好磁分离性的吸附剂材料。

碘量法与锌单质氧化还原法的胱氨酸试剂纯度滴定

碘量法滴定胱氨酸纯度为目前被广泛使用的滴定方法之一,但由于经典方法实验结果的平行性较差,故尝试使用改良碘量法以及锌单质氧化还原法进行胱氨酸纯度测定,以SPSS为数据处理软件分析实验所得四组实验数据进行独立变量T检验,分析可知锌单质氧化还原法因空气氧化含碘离子,故存在滴定终点判断问题,但操作相较于碘量法简便,且由判断数据显著性可知,其精密度与准确度于后者不存在较大偏差。

锌溴电池在广电机房中的应用

锌溴液流储能电池具有可任意叠加、模块化特点,与传统的铅酸电池比,具有优越的循环充放电性能、较高的能量密度及功率密度。根据GB 50058-2014《爆炸危险环境电力装置设计规范》、DL/T5044-2014《电力工程直流电源系统设计技术规程》和GB 50055-2011《通用用电设备配电设计规范》,在考虑性能与成本后,安徽广播电视大楼IDC机房与配电室选用锌溴液流储能电池,并提供了选择该类电池容量的工程计算方法。

Mechano-chemical sulfidization of zinc oxide by grinding with sulfur and reductive additives

A novel process for sulfidation of ZnO by co-grinding with sulfur and reductive additives （P, Fe, A1, and Mg） was developed. The sulfidation extent of ZnO with the addition of P, Fe, A1 or Mg can reach 85.2%, 81.6%, 96.7% and 92.6% after grinding for 4, 6, 1 and 1 h, respectively. Based on the chemical phase composition analysis and morphological characteristics of sulfidized products by XRD, SEM and TEM, a possible reaction mechanism, mechanically induced self-propagating reaction （MSR）, was proposed to explain the sulfidization reaction. In addition, the floatability of sulfidized products was investigated for the recovery of metal sulfide and ZnS can be concentrated with a high concentration ratio and concentrate grade. By using the sulfidizing process, it is expected that the recovery of zinc from the wastes or purification of heavy-metal-containing hazardous residues is technically feasible.

Effect of preparation routes on activity of Ag-MnO_x/C as electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction in alkaline media

The effect of preparation routes on the physical characteristics and activity of the Ag-MnOx/C composites toward the oxygen reduction reaction （ORR） in alkaline media were studied by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, energy-dispersion spectroscopy （EDS） as well as scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and electrochemical techniques. The results show that more Ag and Mn species present on the surface of the Ag-MnOx/C composite prepared by two-step route （Ag-MnOx/C-2） compared to the one prepared by one-step route （Ag-MnOx/C-1）, which contributes to its superior activity toward the ORR. The higher electron transfer number involved in the ORR can be observed on the Ag-MnOx/C-2 composite and its specific mass kinetic current at -0.6 V （vs Hg/HgO） is 46 mA/μg, which is 23 times that on the Ag/C. The peak power density of zinc-air battery with the Ag-MnOx/C-2 air electrode reaches up to 117 mW/cm^2.

基于纳米材料的无源RFID温度传感器设计

射频识别(RFID)技术与传感器的一体化设计,具有数据采集便捷和部署方便等优点,在智慧农业和食品溯源监测领域具有潜在应用价值。提出一种基于氧化锌(ZnO)/还原氧化石墨烯(RGO)的无源RFID一体化温度传感器设计,传感器天线和电极主要采用微带贴片天线制作,天线及电极结构通过HFSS软件进行仿真设计及优化,然后利用热转印技术在环氧树脂覆铜板上通过化学刻蚀制备图形化电极;传感器的温敏材料为水热法制备的ZnO/RGO纳米复合材料。ZnO/RGO温敏材料阻抗随环境温度发生变化,从而引起RFID射频谐振中心频点偏移,以射频回波损耗和归一化频移来度量环境温度的变化,在10℃~60℃量程范围内,该传感器的温度灵敏度可达0.86 dB/℃,线性度R2=0.99。

Comparative Studies on Degradation of Methyl Orange by Nanostructured Zinc and Zinc Oxide Films

Nanostructured zinc and zinc oxide films were prepared by magnetron sputtering processes and succeeded air annealing treatments. Comparison of reductive degradation rate of methyl orange （MO） by zinc films and photocatalytic degradation rate of MO by zinc oxide films was carried out. Both reductive degradation and photocatalytic degradation process of MO by zinc and zinc oxide films can be described by first order kinetic model. It was found that although MO liquid was most quickly decolorized by metallic zinc films, the mineraliza- tion of MO was not thorough. Observation of extra ultraviolet absorption peaks indicated the formation of aromatic intermediates. On the other hand, although the photocatalytic degradation rate of MO liquid by ZnO films was only as about 1/4 large as the reductive degradation rate by zinc films, no signs of aromatic intermediates were found. Moreover, it was found that partially oxidized zinc oxide film showed higher photocatalytic efficiency than the totally oxidized ZnO films. Synergy effect between zinc and zinc oxide phase in the partially oxidized films was considered to be responsible for the higher photocatalytic efficiency.

A Green and Mild Approach of Synthesis of Highly-Conductive Graphene Film by Zn Reduction of Exfoliated Graphite Oxide

We report a simple and green approach to synthesize reduced graphene oxide （RGO） nanosheets at room temperature based on Zn reduction of exfoliated GO. The evolution of GO to RGO has been characterized by X-ray diffraction, UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveal that the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in the RGO can be tuned from 1.67 to 13.7 through controlling the reduction time. Moreover, the conductivity of the RGO is measured to be 26.9±2.2 kS/m, much larger than those previously obtained by chemical reduction through other reducing agents. More importantly, the resistance of the RGO film with 20 nm thickhess can be as low as 2 kΩ/square, while a high transparency over 70% within a broad spectral range from 0.45 pm to 1.50 p.m can be retained. The proposed method is low-cost, eco-friendly and highly-eiffcient, the as-prepared thinner RGO films are useful in a variety of potential application fields such as optoelectronics, photovoltaics and electrochemistry by serving as an ultralight, flexible and transparent electrode material.

High Performance Ultraviolet Photodetector Fabricated with ZnO Nanoparticles-graphene Hybrid Structures

Ultraviolet （UV） photodetector constructed by ZnO material has attracted intense research and commercial interest. However, its photoresistivity and photoresonse are still unsatisfied. Herein, we report a novel method to assemble ZnO nanoparticles （NPs） onto the reduced graphite oxide （RGO） sheet by simple hydrothermal process without any surfactant. It is found that the high-quality crystallized ZnO NPs with the average diameter of 5 nm are well dispersed on the RGO surface, and the density of ZnO NPs can be readily controlled by the concentration of the precursor. The photodetector fabricated with this ZnO NPs- RGO hybrid structure demonstrates an excellent photoresponse for the UV irradiation. The results make this hybrid especially suitable as a novel material for the design and fabrication of high performance UV photodector.

Light-induced ZnO/Ag/rGO bactericidal photocatalyst with synergistic effect of sustained release of silver ions and enhanced reactive oxygen species

Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) can effectively address the issue of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections to reduce the potential toxicity of Ag NPs. Although challenging, it is, therefore, necessary to achieve the sustainable release of Ag+ ions from a finite amount of Ag NPs. This study aims at designing an efficient and benign antimicrobial silver-based ternary composite composed of photocatalysis zinc oxide (ZnO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as a carrier, in which the reactive oxygen species (ROS) excited from ZnO and Ag+ ions released from the Ag NPs cooperate to realize an effective antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus. The constant effective bacterial performance of the ternary photocatalyst with minimum Ag content can be attributed to the increase in the available quantity of ROS, which results from the enhanced separation efficiency of the photogenerated carriers. The proposed system notably realized the long-term sustainable release of Ag+ ions with low concentration for 30 days when compared with an equivalent amount of silver nitrate. Moreover, the use of the composite prevents biotoxicity and silver wastage, and imparts enhanced stability to the long-lasting antibacterial efficacy.

Effect of calcination temperatures on photocatalytic H_(2)O_(2)-production activity of ZnO nanorods

Photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))production from O_(2) and H2O is an ideal process for solar‐to‐chemical energy conversion.Herein,ZnO nanorods are prepared via a simple hydrothermal method for photocatalytic H_(2)O_(2) production.The ZnO nanorods exhibit varied performance with different calcination temperatures.Benefiting from calcination,the separation efficiency of photo‐induced carriers is significantly improved,leading to the superior photocatalytic activity for H_(2)O_(2) production.The H_(2)O_(2) produced by ZnO calcined at 300℃ is 285μmol L^(−1),which is over 5 times larger than that produced by untreated ZnO.This work provides an insight into photocatalytic H2O2 production mechanism by ZnO nanorods,and presents a promising strategy to H2O2 production.

ZnCl2 salt facilitated preparation of FeNC: Enhancing the content of active species and their exposure for highly-efficient oxygen reduction reaction

Introducing catalytically-active Fe and N into carbon materials results in promising FeNC catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction. However, the doped Fe and N species are frequently subject to heavy loss in a traditional carbonization process owing to Fe agglomeration and evaporation of N-contained small molecules. Besides, pyrolysis may make materials sintering which embeds a large number of active sites in the bulk phase and impedes direct exposure of reactive centers to the reactants. We here report that when calcinations, the addition of ZnCl2, an ordinary salt with very wide melting temperature range well covering the carbonization process of the precursor iron porphyrin, can significantly enhance the doping level of the active species and simultaneously create highly porous structures for FeNC catalysts. The obtained FeNC demonstrates ultrahigh catalytic activities even significantly better than Pt/C in oxygen reduction reaction.

Two-in-one strategy to construct bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts for rechargeable Zn-air battery

Integrating two different catalytic active sites into one composite is a useful 2-in-1 strategy for designing high-efficient bifunctional catalysts,which can easily tailor the activity of each reaction.Hence,we adopt the 2-in-1 strategy to design the metal oxyhydroxide supported on N-doped porous carbons(PA-CoFe@NPC)as the oxygen bifunctional catalyst,where NPC provides the activity for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)while the metal oxyhydroxide is responsible for oxygen evolution reaction(OER).Results demonstrate that the PA-CoFe@NPC indeed exhibits both super ORR and OER activities.Impressively,using bifunctional PA-CoFe@NPC as the oxygen electrode,the resulting Zn-air battery exhibits outstanding charge and discharge performance with the peak power density of 156.3 mW cm^(-2),and also exhibits a long-term cycle stability with continuous cyclic charge and discharge of 170 hours that is obviously better than the 20%Pt/C+IrO_(2)based one.The 2-in-1 strategy in this work can be efficiently extended to design other bi-or multi-functional electrocatalysts.

Preparation and properties of transition metal nitrides caged in N-doped hollow porous carbon sphere for oxygen reduction reaction

A series of transition metal nitrides(MxNy,M=Fe,Co,Ni)nanoparticle(NP)composites caged in N-doped hollow porous carbon sphere(NHPCS)were prepared by impregnation and heat treatment methods.These composites combine the high catalytic activity of nitrides and the high-efficiency mass transfer characteristics of NHPCS.The oxygen reduction reaction results indicate that Fe2N/NHPCS has the synergistic catalytic performance of higher onset potential(0.96 V),higher electron transfer number(~4)and higher limited current density(1.4 times as high as that of commercial Pt/C).In addition,this material is implemented as the air catalyst for zinc−air battery that exhibits considerable specific capacity(795.1 mA·h/g)comparable to that of Pt/C,higher durability and maximum power density(173.1 mW/cm2).

Study on ReactiveAdsorption Desulfurization of Model Gasoline on Ni/ZnO-HY Adsorbent

The reactive adsorption desulfurization of model gasoline was carried out on Ni/ZnO-HY adsorbent.The Ni/ZnO-HY adsorbent was characterized by N2adsorption-desorption test(BET),X-ray diffractometry(XRD),and temperature-programmed reduction(TPR)analysis.The test results have demonstrated that HY-zeolite is a feasible support for Ni/ZnO components used in reactive adsorption desulfurization.The results of XRD and TPR analyses showed that most of nickel element was present as Ni2+species with only a small part existing as Ni3+species,and the Ni2+species had interactions with HY-zeolite.Under the conditions of this study,which specified a 50% ratio of HY-zeolite in the adsorbent,a Zn/Ni molar ratio of 10,and a reduction temperature of 400℃,the Ni/ZnO-HY adsorbent showed the best desulfurization performance.The sulfur capacity of Ni/ZnO-HY adsorbent could be recovered to 92.19% of the fresh one after being subjected to regeneration at 500℃,and could be maintained at 82.17% of the fresh one after 5 regeneration cycles.