(S)-(+)-2-(2-萘)-2-N-甲基氨乙醇的合成与表征

以β-萘乙烯为原料，通过烯烃的Sharpless不对称双羟化、环化、开环、催化氢化、甲酰化、还原等6步反应，生成标题化合物，总产率以β-萘乙烯计为39．7％，e．e．值高达97％-99％。对产物进行了质谱、红外光谱、^1HNMR和^13CNMR表征。

8%环己吡酮氨乙醇甲液外治甲癣的临床疗效

环己吡酮氨乙醇(Ciclopirox Olamine)是新合成的吡啶酮衍生物,能抑制大多数致病性和非致病性真菌的生长,还有抗细菌、衣原体和毛滴虫的作用。此药具有穿透甲板的作用,可以治疗甲癣。

乙醇-氨法化学萃取精制直馏柴油研究

以兰州石化公司提供的直馏柴油为原料 ,考察了乙醇 氨法萃取精制直馏柴油的最佳实验室操作条件 ,并首次将聚结过滤法和溶剂部分循环再生法应用于醇 氨法萃取精制直馏柴油研究。试验结果表明 ,在评选的最佳实验室操作条件下采用聚结过滤法处理氨精制油 ,消除了溶剂损耗 ,溶剂回收率从 89 2 6 %提高到 99 82 %以上 ,采用溶剂部分循环再生方法 ,使溶剂再生负荷和再生能耗下降 5 0 %,克服了现有醇 氨法的缺点 ,精制柴油质量完全满足产品指标要求。

氨性乙醇溶液从甘草中提取甘草酸工艺研究

以内蒙古赤峰甘草作为原料,对甘草酸粗提取的众多影响因素进行了深入研究。结果表明,氨性乙醇溶液提取法适合提取高纯度的甘草酸。最佳提取工艺为:含0.45%氨的30%乙醇溶液回流提取3次,第1次加入4倍量溶剂回流提取1.0 h,第2,3次各加3倍量溶剂回流提取1.5 h,提取液浓缩,调节pH至1.5,沉淀减压干燥至干,用D-101型大孔树脂纯化粗产品结果比较理想。

一种新型食品防腐剂——L-月桂酰胺精氨酸盐酸盐乙醇酯

阐述了L-月桂酰胺精氨酸盐酸盐乙醇酯的物化性质、抑菌活性、抑菌机理、安全性以及在食品和化妆品等领域的应用,为我国研究和开发新型、安全、高效的食品防腐剂提供参考。

超重力技术在高酸原油醇氨法脱酸中的应用研究

将超重力技术应用到高酸原油醇氨法脱酸中。以乙醇、氨水的混合物为脱酸剂,考察了旋转床转速、剂油体积比、反应温度、原油循环次数对高酸原油脱酸的影响。结果表明,在反应温度为80℃,旋转床转速为1 200 r/min,剂油体积比为1.5∶1的条件下,酸值为1.82 mg(KOH)/g的高酸原油经过一次脱酸后其酸值降至0.14 mg(KOH)/g,脱酸率高达92.4%。高酸原油通过旋转床进行多次循环操作有利于脱酸,且循环次数越多脱酸率越高,经过4次循环后原油酸值降至0.06 mg(KOH)/g。

磷脂酰乙醇胺N-甲基转移酶在肝脏疾病中的作用研究进展

磷脂酰乙醇胺N-甲基转移酶(PEMT)能够催化磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE)转化为磷脂酰胆碱(PC),并参与肝细胞内多种代谢反应,与肝脂质代谢、内质网应激反应及细胞自噬等过程均密切相关。越来越多的研究表明PEMT酶活性的异常能促进脂肪肝炎、肝衰竭、肝癌等多种疾病的发展。文章对PEMT在肝脏疾病中的作用作一综述。

甘草酸的提取、精制及影响因素分析

以乌拉尔甘草为原料,对甘草酸粗提和精制的众多方法进行了研究和对比,对甘草酸粗提的众多影响因素进行了深入研究。结果表明,先加酸水提法和稀氨水提取法较适合工业生产,而氨性无水乙醇提取法较适合实验室提取高纯度甘草酸。甘草酸提取的众多影响因素中,存在显著性差异的是提取温度、提取次数、提取时间、加酸量和甘草等级。

Purification of Inositol. Studies on the Phase Equilibrium of the System C 6H 12 O 6 NH 4Cl C 2H 5OH H 2O(C 2H 5 OH/H 2O =0.90, by wt ) at 35℃

The solubilities and the refractive indices of the saturated solution in the system C 6H 12 O 6 NH 4Cl C 2H 5OH-H 2O ( C 2H 5OH / H 2O=0.90, by wt ) at 35℃ have been determined. The isotherms and refractive indices of the system at 35℃ consist of 2 branches, corresponding to C 6H 12 O 6( H 2O and NH 4Cl. The composition of eutectic solution is C 6H 12 O 6: 4.40 %, NH 4Cl: 13.86 %, C 2H 5OH: 38.88 %.

原发性高血压病患者血清磷脂变化的临床意义

目的 :观察血清磷脂酰胆碱 (PC)、磷脂酰丝氨酸 (PS)、磷脂酰乙醇氨 (PE)在原发性高血压病 (EH )患者中的变化 ,以探讨血清磷脂在EH的发病过程中是否起作用。方法 :2 6例EH患者与正常对照组 5 0例。抽取EH患者血压 >14 0 90mmHg时的空腹静脉血。利用高效液相色谱法测定血清中PC、PS、PE的含量。结果 :①EH组与对照组的PC比较无统计学意义 ,P =0 0 795。②EH组与对照组的PS比较无统计学意义 ,P =0 2 2 92。③EH组与对照组的PE比较有统计学意义 ,EH组的PE高于对照组 ,P =0 0 43 8。结论 :EH病人PC、PS和正常对照组无差别 ,可能由于EH病人无血栓形成 ,血小板膜尚无磷脂表面形成。EH病人的血清PE增加 ,可能由于去甲肾上腺素增多、血管壁张力增高等因素使血小板膜PE由膜内到膜外 ,血小板被激活 ,继而导致缩血管物质TXA2 增加 ,这个过程可能是EH发病机制的始动或中间环节之一。

迟发性运动障碍的药物治疗

迟发性运动障碍(TD)又称迟发性多动症、持续性运动障碍,是指由于长期(通常2年以上)大量服用抗精神病药物引起的一种锥体外系副作用。1968年由Crane首先提出。临床表现以不自主的有节律的刻板式运动为特征。TD发生率因药物种类、剂量、疗程及个体差异而不同。国外报导为0.5%～40%,多见于服药2年以上。

关于我国二乙胺的生产技术及其发展

概述了乙醇氨解法等二乙胺的六类合成方法及国内外二乙胺的生产情况，指出了我国二乙胺生产技术与国外的差距，提出了扩大生产规模、开发下游产品。

S-adenosyl-methionine decreases ethanol-induced apoptosis in primary hepatocyte cultures by a c-Jun N-terminal kinase activity-independent mechanism

AIM： To determine the role of c-Jun N-terminal kinase （JNK） activity in ethanol-induced apoptosis and the modulation of this signaling cascade by S-Adenosylmethionine （AdoMet）. METHODS： Primary hepatocyte cultures were pretreated with 100 IJmol/L SP600125, a selective JNK inhibitor, 1 mL/L DMSO or 4 mmol/L AdoMet and then exposed to 100 mmo/L ethanol. Hepatocyte apoptosis was determined by the TUNEL and DNA ladder assays. JNK activity and its inhibition by SP600125 and AdoMet were determined by Western blot analysis of c-jun phosphorylation and Bid fragmentation. SP600125 and AdoMet effects on the apoptotic signaling pathway were determined by Western blot analysis of cytochrome c release and pro-caspase 3 fragmentation. The AdoMet effect on glutathione levels was measured by EIIman＇s method and reactive oxygen species （ROS） generation by cell cytometry. RESULTS： The exposure of hepatocytes to ethanol induced JNK activation, c-jun phosphorylation, Bid fragmentation, cytochrome c release and pro-caspase 3 cleavage; these effects were diminished by SP600125, and caused a significant decrease in ethanol-induced apoptosis （P〈 0.05）. AdoMet exerted an antioxidant effect maintaining glutathione levels and decreasing ROS generation, without a significant effect on JNK activity, and prevented cytochrome c release and pro-caspase 3 cleavage.CONCLUSION： The JNK signaling cascade is a key component of the proapoptotic signaling pathway induced by ethanol. JNK activation may be independent from ROS generation, since AdoMet which exerted antioxidant properties did not have a significant effect on JNK activity. JNK pathway modulator agents and AdoMet may be components of promising therapies for alcoholic liver disease （ALD） treatment.

N-acetylcysteine attenuates alcohol-induced oxidative stress in the rat

AIM: There is increasing evidence that alcohol-induced liverdamage may be associated with increased oxidative stress.We aimed to investigate free-radical scavenger effect of n-acetylcysteine in rats intragastrically fed with ethanol.METHODS: Twenty-four rats divided into three groups werefed with ethanol (6 g/kg/day, Group 1), ethanol and n-acetylcysteine (1 g/kg, Group 2), or isocaloric dextrose(control group, Group 3) for 4 weeks. Then animals weresacrificed under ether anesthesia, intracardiac blood andliver tissues were obtained. Measurements were performedboth in serum and in homogenized liver tissues.Malondialdehyde (MDA) level was measured by TBARSmethod. Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxidedismutase (SOD) levels were studied by commercial kits.Kruskal-Wallis test was used for statistical analysis.RESULTS: ALT and AST in Group 1 (154 U/Land 302 U/L,respectively) were higher than those in Group 2 (94 U/L and155 U/L) and Group 3 (99 U/L and 168 U/L) (P＝0.001 forboth). Serum and tissue levels of MDA in Group 1 (1.84 nmol/mL and 96 nmol/100 mg-protein) were higher than Group 2(0.91 nmol/mL and 64 nmol/100 mg-protein) and Group 3(0.94 nmol/mL and 49 nmol/100 mg-protein) (P＜0.001 forboth). On the other hand, serum GSH-Px level in Group 1(8.21 U/g-Hb) was lower than Group 2 (16 U/g-Hb) andGroup 3 (16 U/g-Hb) (P＜0.001). Serum and liver tissue levelsof SOD in Group 1 (11 U/mL and 26 U/100 mg-protein)were lower than Group 2 (18 U/mL and 60 U/100 mg-protein)and Group 3 (20 U/mL and 60 U/100 mg-protein) (P＜0.001for both).CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that ethanol-induced liver damage is associated with oxidative stress,and co-administration of n-acetylcysteine attenuates thisdamage effectively in rat model.

Expression of a New hemA Gene from Agrobacterium radiobacter in Escherichia coli for 5-Aminolevulinate Production

A new hemA gene encoding 5-aminolevulinate (ALA) synthase was cloned from Agrobacterium ra- diobacter zju-0121. The ALA synthase catalyzes the pyridoxal phosphate-dependent condensation of succinyl coen- zyme A (succinyl-CoA) and glycine to produce ALA. Four plasmids carrying the A, radiobacter hemA gene were transformed into different E. coli strains. The effects of both genetic and physiological factors on the expression of ALA synthase and ALA production were studied. The results indicated that the final intracellular activity of ALA synthase and the production of ALA in different expression systems varied largely. Among them, the recombinant E. coli BL21 (DE3) harboring the expression plasmid pET28-A. R-hemA was the most suitable one. The effects of isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) addition time, IPTG concentration, culture temperature and the initial concentration of precursors and glucose on the ALA production were also evaluated. The expressed ALA synthase accounted for about 23.7% of the intracellular soluble protein. The highest specific activity of ALA syn- thase was 13.8nmol·min-1·mg-1 of intracellular soluble protein. In the batch culture of the recombinant E. coli, the extracellular ALA concentration reached 0.9 g·L-1.

秦山核电站二回路系统水化学控制模式的分析和优化

通过对秦山核电站四个核电厂二回路水化学控制模式特点及控制效果的分析,并结合国际上二回路水化学控制技术,提出了秦山核电站二回路水化学控制模式优化的建议,为秦山核电站二回路水化学控制模式的改进和未来核电站的设计提供参考。

SOLID PHASE SYNTHESIS OF ISOXAZOLINES

The solid-phase synthesis of isoxazolines on 2-polystyrylsulfonamidoethanol resin is reported. 2-Polystyrylsulfonamidoethanol resin 1 was reacted with acryloyl chloride to afford 2-polystyrylsulfonylamidoethyl acrylate resin 2, which was further reacted with brominated aldoximes by [3+2] cycloaddition to give isoxazoline resin 4. Resin 4 was treated with aqueous 6 mol/L HCl solution to obtain isoxazolines in good yield and purity.

Solubility of Ammonia in Ethylene Glycol Between 303K and 323K under Low Pressure from 0.030 to 0.101 MPa

The solubility of ammonia in ethylene glycol is measured by an isothermal solubility equilibrium method at temperatures of （303.2, 308.2, 313.2, 318.2 and 323.2） K and total pressures of （0.030, 0.040, 0.050, 0.060, 0.070, 0.080, 9.090 and 0.101） MPa. The molality of ammonia in ethylene glycol ranges from 1.925 mol·kg-1 to 8.265 mol·kg-1. The experimental results are used to determine Henry＇s law constant of ammonia in ethylene glycol Furthermore, experimental data are correlated by applying the thermodynamic model on the basis of extended Raoult＇s law, extended Henry＇s law, corresponding-states correlations and Pitzer＇s molality scale based equation. The overall average relative deviation between the calculated data and the experimental data of Henry＇s law constant and ammonia solubility are 2.029% and 2.164% respectively.

2,2,4-三甲基-2-硅杂吗啉的合成

研究了氯甲基二甲基氯硅烷与β-氨甲基乙醇反应制备2,2,4-三甲基-2-硅杂吗啉的方法,考察了反应温度、反应物的配比优化和中和试剂的种类对合成产率的影响,确立了最佳的合成条件:反应物氯甲基二甲基氯硅烷与β-氨甲基乙醇的摩尔比为1∶1.05,甲苯为溶剂,三乙胺为中和试剂,其用量三乙胺与氯甲基二甲基氯硅烷的摩尔比为2.2∶1,醇解反应温度为65℃,收率可达75%,并采用波谱分析确证了目标物质的结构。