为探究不同施肥和保水措施对油茶土壤N2O排放的影响,采用静态暗箱-气相色谱法,设置对照(B0CK)、氮肥(N,0.13 g N·kg-1)、磷肥(P,0.065 g P·kg-1)、氮磷肥(NP,0.13 g N·kg-1+0.065 g P·kg-1)、低复合保水材料(生物...为探究不同施肥和保水措施对油茶土壤N2O排放的影响,采用静态暗箱-气相色谱法,设置对照(B0CK)、氮肥(N,0.13 g N·kg-1)、磷肥(P,0.065 g P·kg-1)、氮磷肥(NP,0.13 g N·kg-1+0.065 g P·kg-1)、低复合保水材料(生物炭和聚丙烯酰胺,B1,每盆13.65 g炭+1.35 g聚丙烯酰胺)、高复合保水材料(生物炭和聚丙烯酰胺,B2,每盆27.30 g炭+2.70 g聚丙烯酰胺)、低复合保水材料和N(NB1)、高复合保水材料和N(NB2)、低复合保水材料和P(PB1)、高复合保水材料和P(PB2)、低复合保水材料和NP(NPB1)、高复合保水材料和NP(NPB2),共12个处理,进行不同施肥和保水措施下土壤N2O排放的差异比较。结果表明,N、P添加均显著增加土壤N2O的累积排放量,NP添加与对照无差异。施加复合保水材料抑制土壤N2O的排放,随着复合保水材料施用量的增加,土壤N2O的排放显著降低,与对照相比,B1和B2处理N2O减排50%以上。N添加条件下,与对照相比,添加复合保水材料NB1、NB2的N2O累积排放显著降低。P与复合保水材料无交互作用。N、P和复合保水材料对土壤N2O累积排放量具有显著作用,在NP同施时,与对照相比,添加复合保水材料NPB1、NPB2的N2O累积排放分别降低了1.18%、30.69%。因此,高复合保水材料类型的施肥措施对减少油茶土壤N2O排放具有重要意义,从而对缓解全球气候变化具有重要影响。展开更多
In this paper, the effect of different fertilizer treatments on the main indexes of growth and development and dry matter accumulation of perennial mulberry, which is cut and pruned in summer, were studied with ‘3414...In this paper, the effect of different fertilizer treatments on the main indexes of growth and development and dry matter accumulation of perennial mulberry, which is cut and pruned in summer, were studied with ‘3414’ field experiment design. The results showed that N, P, and K at proper amounts could promote mulberry growth and development, improve its dry matter content, increase its dry matter accumulation. The effects of N, P, K on leaf yield per plant were respectively expressed as follows： N2 N3 N1 N0 , P2 P1 P3 P0 , K2 K1 K3 K0 . It can be concluded that the recommended fertilizer amounts of dry matter accumulations in mulberry leaf were 694.36 kg/hm2 of N, 198.15 kg/hm2 of P, and 274.26 kg/hm2 of K and the dry matter achieved the maximum at 8 045.04 kg/hm2 . The recommended fertilizer amounts of accumulated dry matter in branch were 1 000.05 kg/hm2 of N, 242.04 kg/hm2 of P, and 218.01 kg/hm 2 of K, and the dry matter achieved the maximum at 5 969.05 kg/hm2 . The recommended fertilizer amount in young shoots were 883.76 kg/hm2 of N, 204.48 kg/hm2 of P and 426.59 kg/hm2 of K and dry matter achieved the maximum at 1 410.24 kg/hm2 . This paper could provide reference for the construction of highly-qualified mulberry field in Sichuan hilly area.展开更多
[Objective]The aim was to study the effects of regulation of C/N ratio wheat straw application on tobacco nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium uptake. [Method]Effects of regulation C/N ratio wheat straw application on th...[Objective]The aim was to study the effects of regulation of C/N ratio wheat straw application on tobacco nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium uptake. [Method]Effects of regulation C/N ratio wheat straw application on the flue-cured tobacco yield,output value,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium content and cumulative uptake of the upper,middle and bottom leaf were studied by using the field plot experiments at Banqiao town,Qujing city,Yunnan Province during the 2008-2009 summer growing seasons. [Result]The results showed that the application of wheat straw alone or after C/N regulation,could significantly increase tobacco production,potassium content,the potassium and nitrogen accumulation amount of leaf,and was more conducive to the potassium uptake of tobacco leaf with wheat straw application after C/N regulation. Compared with non-straw application,the yield of tobacco increased by 6.59%,3.58%,5.98%,8.80% with application of wheat straw alone,wheat straw and vetch,wheat straw and oilseed cake,wheat straw and urea nitrogen,the potassium content in tobacco leaf increased by 3.85%,7.76%,8.82%,11.21%,respectively,the total potassium cumulative amount of leaf increased by 10.71%,11.62%,15.32% ,21.01% and the total nitrogen cumulative amount increased by 9.76%,1.22%,8.14%,14.00%. However,the differences of tobacco leaf nitrogen content among the different treatments were not significant,the phosphorus uptake of tobacco leaf decreased. [Conclusion]application of high C/N ratio wheat straw in flue-cured tobacco production,which should be concerned not only to adjust C/N ratio by adding nitrogen,but also considering additional phosphorus application.展开更多
The aim of the study is to investigate the absorption laws of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and proper nitrogen application in Chuanxiangyou 9838 under no-tillage cultivation. Five nitrogen application treatmen...The aim of the study is to investigate the absorption laws of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and proper nitrogen application in Chuanxiangyou 9838 under no-tillage cultivation. Five nitrogen application treatments were designed to analyze the absorption laws of N, P and K, and to discuss the effects of different N fertilizer application amounts on yield and yield composition factors of Chuanxiangyou 9838. The results showed that gross nutrient absorption in Chuanxiangyou 9838 was greatly varied at different developmental stages under rice-rape rotation with no-tillage. The maximum N absorption in Chuanxiangyou 9838 appeared at jointing stage followed by heading stage, thirdly the tillefing stage ; the P absorption in Chuanxiangyou 9838 presented the consecutively slight increase during seedling stage and mature stage ; the K absorption in Chuanxiangyou 9838 was mainly conducted from jointing stage to heading stage, during which K absorption accounts for 73.4% of the total absorption in whole developmental stage. Consequently, N fertilizer should be applied earlier （ before jointing stage）, P fertilizer is suitable as base fertilizer and application of K fertilizer should be preferably conducted at early-middle period. When the yield reached 11 t/hm^2, the optimal N application amount in Chuanxiangyou 9838 was about 165 kg/hm^2.展开更多
A two-year field experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of nitrogen （0, 30, 60, and 120 kg N ha^-1） and phosphorus （0, 30, and 60 kg P2O5 ha^-1） application on grain yield and yield components of five ...A two-year field experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of nitrogen （0, 30, 60, and 120 kg N ha^-1） and phosphorus （0, 30, and 60 kg P2O5 ha^-1） application on grain yield and yield components of five New Rice for Africa （NERICA） cultivars, their parents, and a check on a degraded soil in the moist savanna of Nigeria. Nerica 14 recorded the highest grain yield of 1.3 mg halcompared to the other NERICA cultivars. It also produced significantly （P 〈 0.05） longer panicles （19.24 cm）, higher sink capacity as determined by thousand-kernel weight （30.3 g）, and a higher potential for partitioning photosynthates （45.15%） into grains than the other cultivars. N × P interaction effect on grain yield was significant （P 〈 0.05） with moderate P （60 kg P2O5 ha^1） and moderate N （60 kg N ha^-1） resulting in optimum grain yield （1.7 mg ha^-1）. Thus, moderate N and P were recommended for the production of NERICA varieties in low-input smallholder upland rice production systems of the moist savanna of Nigeria.展开更多
文摘为探究不同施肥和保水措施对油茶土壤N2O排放的影响,采用静态暗箱-气相色谱法,设置对照(B0CK)、氮肥(N,0.13 g N·kg-1)、磷肥(P,0.065 g P·kg-1)、氮磷肥(NP,0.13 g N·kg-1+0.065 g P·kg-1)、低复合保水材料(生物炭和聚丙烯酰胺,B1,每盆13.65 g炭+1.35 g聚丙烯酰胺)、高复合保水材料(生物炭和聚丙烯酰胺,B2,每盆27.30 g炭+2.70 g聚丙烯酰胺)、低复合保水材料和N(NB1)、高复合保水材料和N(NB2)、低复合保水材料和P(PB1)、高复合保水材料和P(PB2)、低复合保水材料和NP(NPB1)、高复合保水材料和NP(NPB2),共12个处理,进行不同施肥和保水措施下土壤N2O排放的差异比较。结果表明,N、P添加均显著增加土壤N2O的累积排放量,NP添加与对照无差异。施加复合保水材料抑制土壤N2O的排放,随着复合保水材料施用量的增加,土壤N2O的排放显著降低,与对照相比,B1和B2处理N2O减排50%以上。N添加条件下,与对照相比,添加复合保水材料NB1、NB2的N2O累积排放显著降低。P与复合保水材料无交互作用。N、P和复合保水材料对土壤N2O累积排放量具有显著作用,在NP同施时,与对照相比,添加复合保水材料NPB1、NPB2的N2O累积排放分别降低了1.18%、30.69%。因此,高复合保水材料类型的施肥措施对减少油茶土壤N2O排放具有重要意义,从而对缓解全球气候变化具有重要影响。
基金Supported by Science&Technology Innovation of Sichuan Characteristic AgricultureProvincial Breeding Key Project of the 12th Five Year Plan (No.2011yzgg-13-02-01)+2 种基金Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (2011LWJJ-008)Seed Industry Innovation and Transformation Project (2011JYGC10-027-02)Modern Agricultural Technology System Project (No.CARS-22)~~
文摘In this paper, the effect of different fertilizer treatments on the main indexes of growth and development and dry matter accumulation of perennial mulberry, which is cut and pruned in summer, were studied with ‘3414’ field experiment design. The results showed that N, P, and K at proper amounts could promote mulberry growth and development, improve its dry matter content, increase its dry matter accumulation. The effects of N, P, K on leaf yield per plant were respectively expressed as follows： N2 N3 N1 N0 , P2 P1 P3 P0 , K2 K1 K3 K0 . It can be concluded that the recommended fertilizer amounts of dry matter accumulations in mulberry leaf were 694.36 kg/hm2 of N, 198.15 kg/hm2 of P, and 274.26 kg/hm2 of K and the dry matter achieved the maximum at 8 045.04 kg/hm2 . The recommended fertilizer amounts of accumulated dry matter in branch were 1 000.05 kg/hm2 of N, 242.04 kg/hm2 of P, and 218.01 kg/hm 2 of K, and the dry matter achieved the maximum at 5 969.05 kg/hm2 . The recommended fertilizer amount in young shoots were 883.76 kg/hm2 of N, 204.48 kg/hm2 of P and 426.59 kg/hm2 of K and dry matter achieved the maximum at 1 410.24 kg/hm2 . This paper could provide reference for the construction of highly-qualified mulberry field in Sichuan hilly area.
基金Supported by National Science and Technology Support Program(2006BAD05B06-04)~~
文摘[Objective]The aim was to study the effects of regulation of C/N ratio wheat straw application on tobacco nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium uptake. [Method]Effects of regulation C/N ratio wheat straw application on the flue-cured tobacco yield,output value,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium content and cumulative uptake of the upper,middle and bottom leaf were studied by using the field plot experiments at Banqiao town,Qujing city,Yunnan Province during the 2008-2009 summer growing seasons. [Result]The results showed that the application of wheat straw alone or after C/N regulation,could significantly increase tobacco production,potassium content,the potassium and nitrogen accumulation amount of leaf,and was more conducive to the potassium uptake of tobacco leaf with wheat straw application after C/N regulation. Compared with non-straw application,the yield of tobacco increased by 6.59%,3.58%,5.98%,8.80% with application of wheat straw alone,wheat straw and vetch,wheat straw and oilseed cake,wheat straw and urea nitrogen,the potassium content in tobacco leaf increased by 3.85%,7.76%,8.82%,11.21%,respectively,the total potassium cumulative amount of leaf increased by 10.71%,11.62%,15.32% ,21.01% and the total nitrogen cumulative amount increased by 9.76%,1.22%,8.14%,14.00%. However,the differences of tobacco leaf nitrogen content among the different treatments were not significant,the phosphorus uptake of tobacco leaf decreased. [Conclusion]application of high C/N ratio wheat straw in flue-cured tobacco production,which should be concerned not only to adjust C/N ratio by adding nitrogen,but also considering additional phosphorus application.
基金Project of Scientific and Technical Supporting Programs (2006AD05B06)Key Technologies Research and Development Program of Sichuan Province during the 10th Five-year Plan During the 11th Five-year Plan(2006YZGG-28)the project from International Plant Nutrition Institute (IPNI)~~
文摘The aim of the study is to investigate the absorption laws of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and proper nitrogen application in Chuanxiangyou 9838 under no-tillage cultivation. Five nitrogen application treatments were designed to analyze the absorption laws of N, P and K, and to discuss the effects of different N fertilizer application amounts on yield and yield composition factors of Chuanxiangyou 9838. The results showed that gross nutrient absorption in Chuanxiangyou 9838 was greatly varied at different developmental stages under rice-rape rotation with no-tillage. The maximum N absorption in Chuanxiangyou 9838 appeared at jointing stage followed by heading stage, thirdly the tillefing stage ; the P absorption in Chuanxiangyou 9838 presented the consecutively slight increase during seedling stage and mature stage ; the K absorption in Chuanxiangyou 9838 was mainly conducted from jointing stage to heading stage, during which K absorption accounts for 73.4% of the total absorption in whole developmental stage. Consequently, N fertilizer should be applied earlier （ before jointing stage）, P fertilizer is suitable as base fertilizer and application of K fertilizer should be preferably conducted at early-middle period. When the yield reached 11 t/hm^2, the optimal N application amount in Chuanxiangyou 9838 was about 165 kg/hm^2.
文摘A two-year field experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of nitrogen （0, 30, 60, and 120 kg N ha^-1） and phosphorus （0, 30, and 60 kg P2O5 ha^-1） application on grain yield and yield components of five New Rice for Africa （NERICA） cultivars, their parents, and a check on a degraded soil in the moist savanna of Nigeria. Nerica 14 recorded the highest grain yield of 1.3 mg halcompared to the other NERICA cultivars. It also produced significantly （P 〈 0.05） longer panicles （19.24 cm）, higher sink capacity as determined by thousand-kernel weight （30.3 g）, and a higher potential for partitioning photosynthates （45.15%） into grains than the other cultivars. N × P interaction effect on grain yield was significant （P 〈 0.05） with moderate P （60 kg P2O5 ha^1） and moderate N （60 kg N ha^-1） resulting in optimum grain yield （1.7 mg ha^-1）. Thus, moderate N and P were recommended for the production of NERICA varieties in low-input smallholder upland rice production systems of the moist savanna of Nigeria.
