In this experiment, the effects of beta-cypermethrin on acute toxicity and serum GPT and GOT of crucian were studied. It was indicated that the 96hLC50 of beta-cypermethrin was 11.4 μg L-1. The crucian serum was trea...In this experiment, the effects of beta-cypermethrin on acute toxicity and serum GPT and GOT of crucian were studied. It was indicated that the 96hLC50 of beta-cypermethrin was 11.4 μg L-1. The crucian serum was treated at the levels, 0 μg L-1, 0.114 μg L-1, 0.57 μg L-1, 1.14 μg L-1 for 0 d 5 d 10 d 15 d and 20 d, respectively. The results showed that beta-cypermethrin could make great damage to crucian biochemical characteristics, and suggested that the effects of toxicant on serum GPT and GOT could be used as an index of toxicological assessment.展开更多
Selected persistent organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), including 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT) and its principal metabolites 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDE) and 1,1-dichloro-2,2...Selected persistent organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), including 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT) and its principal metabolites 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDE) and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)e- thane (DDD), hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) and its isomers (α-,β-, γ-, and δ-HCH), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), endo- sulfan, dieldrin, and endrin were quantified to determine current levels of organochlorine pesticides, to assess the eco- toxicological potential, and to distin…展开更多
Soll samples with three fertilization treatments （no fertilizer, corn straw and farm manure） collected from a Lou soil （Eum-orthic Anthrosol classfied using Chinese Soil Taxonomy） in northwestern China were analys...Soll samples with three fertilization treatments （no fertilizer, corn straw and farm manure） collected from a Lou soil （Eum-orthic Anthrosol classfied using Chinese Soil Taxonomy） in northwestern China were analysed for residual levels and their characteristics of organochlorine pesticides （α-HCH, β-HCH,γ-HCH, δ-HCH, HCB, o, p＇-DDT, p, p＇-DDT, o, p＇- DDE, p,p＇-DDE, p,p＇-DDD, α-endosulfan, dieldrin and endrin）. Organochlorine pesticides （OCPs） were detected in all soil samples except δ-HCH and their total concentrations ranged from 159.31 ± 9.00 to 179.77 ± 2.58 ng g^-1 with an order of HCHs 〉 DDTs 〉 （dieldrin ＋ endrin） 〉 HCB 〉 α-endosulfan. Among all the compounds, γ-HCH had the highest concentration followed by p, p＇-DDE. The residual levels of HCH isomers and DDT as well as their metabolites in soil with different fertilization treatments were in the order of γ-HCH 〉β-HCH ≈ α-HCH 〉 δ-HCH and p,p’-DDE 〉 p, p’-DDT 〉 o,p＇-DDT 〉 p, p＇-DDD ≈ o, p＇-DDE, respectively. DDE/DDT ratios ranged from 1.59 ± 0.13 to 3.35± 0.16 and endrin/dieldrin ratios from 1.40 ±0.06 to 9.20± 4.05, both indicating no new occurrence of these pesticides in these soils, while α-HCH/γ-HCH ratios of 0.04 indicated a new input of lindane （almost pure γ-HCH） in the past several years. The farm manure treatments showed lower DDT residues than samples without fertilizer. Also addition of corn straw and farm manure increased soil organic matter content and decreased the soil pH which could retard the degradation of DDT in the soil.展开更多
The application of soxhlet, ultrasonic and accelerated solvent extractiontechniques to the analysis of six organochlorine pesticides (α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH, o, p'-DDT,p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE) in Taihu Lake ...The application of soxhlet, ultrasonic and accelerated solvent extractiontechniques to the analysis of six organochlorine pesticides (α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH, o, p'-DDT,p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE) in Taihu Lake sediment samples is described. It was found that the limits ofquantification ranged from 0.002 μg g^(-1) to 0.004 μg g^(-1), and the recoveries oforganochlorine pesticides with the three extraction techniques were acceptable ( 】80.7%). With amass selective detector, better results were obtained by accelerated solvent extraction usinghexane-acetone (1:1) as compared with soxhlet and ultrasonic extraction. It was shown that theaccelerated solvent extraction was the optimum technique for the analysis of organochlorinepesticides in sediments. The general features of the three extraction techniques are also presented.展开更多
To analyze and evaluate the status of organochlorine pollutants in the Changjiang （Yangtze River） estuary and adjacent waters, the concentrations of hexachlorocyclohexane （HCHs） and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane...To analyze and evaluate the status of organochlorine pollutants in the Changjiang （Yangtze River） estuary and adjacent waters, the concentrations of hexachlorocyclohexane （HCHs） and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane （DDTs） in shellfish collected in study area from 2006 to 2007 were determined with gas chromatography （GC）. The concentration range of HCHs was （ND-12.13）×10^-3 mg/kg wet weight and averaged at 0.54×10^-3 mg/kg while the concentration of DDTs was in the range of （4.06-281.73） ×10^-3 mg/kg with a mean of 57.52×10^-3 mg/kg in the survey areas. The concentrations of DDTs in the shellfish were higher than HCHs＇, so that DDTs could be considered as typical organochlorine pollutants in the areas. The concentrations of DDTs in the shellfish were higher than HCHs＇, so that DDTs could be considered as typical organochlorines pollutants. The HCHs in all the shellfish conformed to the first level of criterion （0.02 mg/kg） of the Marion Biology Quality （GB 18421-2001）, and that of DDTs in most samples were beyond the first level （0.01 mg/kg） but conformed to the second level （0.10 mg/kg）. On average, α-HCH and δ-HCH occupied the most part of HCHs, while O,P＇-DDT and P,P＇-DDT occupied the most part of DDTs. The concentrations of organocholorine pesticides in shellfish samples varied in site and in species. The highest level occurred at the Shengsi （SS）, followed by Yangkougang （YKG）, Lvsi （LS）, Dongyuan （DY） and Beibayao （BBY）, low concentrations were observed at Changsha （CS）, Beidaodi （BDD）, and Gouqi （GQ）. The concentration of HCHs and DDTs in most sites decreased clearly from 2006 to 2007 except for YKG, DY, BDD, LYS, and SS. All of above results suggested that the study area was slightly affected by organochlorine pesticide, special by DDTs.展开更多
文摘In this experiment, the effects of beta-cypermethrin on acute toxicity and serum GPT and GOT of crucian were studied. It was indicated that the 96hLC50 of beta-cypermethrin was 11.4 μg L-1. The crucian serum was treated at the levels, 0 μg L-1, 0.114 μg L-1, 0.57 μg L-1, 1.14 μg L-1 for 0 d 5 d 10 d 15 d and 20 d, respectively. The results showed that beta-cypermethrin could make great damage to crucian biochemical characteristics, and suggested that the effects of toxicant on serum GPT and GOT could be used as an index of toxicological assessment.
基金1Project supported by the National Key Basic Research Support Foundation (NKBRSF) of China (No. 2002CB410805)and the Outstanding Youth Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40325001).
文摘Selected persistent organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), including 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT) and its principal metabolites 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDE) and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)e- thane (DDD), hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) and its isomers (α-,β-, γ-, and δ-HCH), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), endo- sulfan, dieldrin, and endrin were quantified to determine current levels of organochlorine pesticides, to assess the eco- toxicological potential, and to distin…
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholar (No. 40325001) the National Key Basic Research and Development Program of China (No. 2002CB410805)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK2005220).
文摘Soll samples with three fertilization treatments （no fertilizer, corn straw and farm manure） collected from a Lou soil （Eum-orthic Anthrosol classfied using Chinese Soil Taxonomy） in northwestern China were analysed for residual levels and their characteristics of organochlorine pesticides （α-HCH, β-HCH,γ-HCH, δ-HCH, HCB, o, p＇-DDT, p, p＇-DDT, o, p＇- DDE, p,p＇-DDE, p,p＇-DDD, α-endosulfan, dieldrin and endrin）. Organochlorine pesticides （OCPs） were detected in all soil samples except δ-HCH and their total concentrations ranged from 159.31 ± 9.00 to 179.77 ± 2.58 ng g^-1 with an order of HCHs 〉 DDTs 〉 （dieldrin ＋ endrin） 〉 HCB 〉 α-endosulfan. Among all the compounds, γ-HCH had the highest concentration followed by p, p＇-DDE. The residual levels of HCH isomers and DDT as well as their metabolites in soil with different fertilization treatments were in the order of γ-HCH 〉β-HCH ≈ α-HCH 〉 δ-HCH and p,p’-DDE 〉 p, p’-DDT 〉 o,p＇-DDT 〉 p, p＇-DDD ≈ o, p＇-DDE, respectively. DDE/DDT ratios ranged from 1.59 ± 0.13 to 3.35± 0.16 and endrin/dieldrin ratios from 1.40 ±0.06 to 9.20± 4.05, both indicating no new occurrence of these pesticides in these soils, while α-HCH/γ-HCH ratios of 0.04 indicated a new input of lindane （almost pure γ-HCH） in the past several years. The farm manure treatments showed lower DDT residues than samples without fertilizer. Also addition of corn straw and farm manure increased soil organic matter content and decreased the soil pH which could retard the degradation of DDT in the soil.
文摘The application of soxhlet, ultrasonic and accelerated solvent extractiontechniques to the analysis of six organochlorine pesticides (α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH, o, p'-DDT,p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE) in Taihu Lake sediment samples is described. It was found that the limits ofquantification ranged from 0.002 μg g^(-1) to 0.004 μg g^(-1), and the recoveries oforganochlorine pesticides with the three extraction techniques were acceptable ( 】80.7%). With amass selective detector, better results were obtained by accelerated solvent extraction usinghexane-acetone (1:1) as compared with soxhlet and ultrasonic extraction. It was shown that theaccelerated solvent extraction was the optimum technique for the analysis of organochlorinepesticides in sediments. The general features of the three extraction techniques are also presented.
基金Supported by Research Project of Public Welfare,Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2005DIB3J021)
文摘To analyze and evaluate the status of organochlorine pollutants in the Changjiang （Yangtze River） estuary and adjacent waters, the concentrations of hexachlorocyclohexane （HCHs） and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane （DDTs） in shellfish collected in study area from 2006 to 2007 were determined with gas chromatography （GC）. The concentration range of HCHs was （ND-12.13）×10^-3 mg/kg wet weight and averaged at 0.54×10^-3 mg/kg while the concentration of DDTs was in the range of （4.06-281.73） ×10^-3 mg/kg with a mean of 57.52×10^-3 mg/kg in the survey areas. The concentrations of DDTs in the shellfish were higher than HCHs＇, so that DDTs could be considered as typical organochlorine pollutants in the areas. The concentrations of DDTs in the shellfish were higher than HCHs＇, so that DDTs could be considered as typical organochlorines pollutants. The HCHs in all the shellfish conformed to the first level of criterion （0.02 mg/kg） of the Marion Biology Quality （GB 18421-2001）, and that of DDTs in most samples were beyond the first level （0.01 mg/kg） but conformed to the second level （0.10 mg/kg）. On average, α-HCH and δ-HCH occupied the most part of HCHs, while O,P＇-DDT and P,P＇-DDT occupied the most part of DDTs. The concentrations of organocholorine pesticides in shellfish samples varied in site and in species. The highest level occurred at the Shengsi （SS）, followed by Yangkougang （YKG）, Lvsi （LS）, Dongyuan （DY） and Beibayao （BBY）, low concentrations were observed at Changsha （CS）, Beidaodi （BDD）, and Gouqi （GQ）. The concentration of HCHs and DDTs in most sites decreased clearly from 2006 to 2007 except for YKG, DY, BDD, LYS, and SS. All of above results suggested that the study area was slightly affected by organochlorine pesticide, special by DDTs.
