The effects of chloride salts(NaCl,MgCl2and NH4Cl)on the hydrolysis kinetics of MgH2prepared by hydridingcombustion synthesis and mechanical milling(HCS+MM)were discussed.X-ray diffraction(XRD)analyses show that high-...The effects of chloride salts(NaCl,MgCl2and NH4Cl)on the hydrolysis kinetics of MgH2prepared by hydridingcombustion synthesis and mechanical milling(HCS+MM)were discussed.X-ray diffraction(XRD)analyses show that high-purityMgH2was successfully prepared by HCS.Hydrolysis performance test results indicate that the chloride salt added during the millingprocess is favorable to the initial reaction rate and hydrogen generation yield within60min.A MgH2?10%NH4Cl composite exhibitsthe best performance with the hydrogen generation yield of1311mL/g and a conversion rate of85.69%in60min at roomtemperature.It is suggested that the chloride salts not only play as grinding aids in the milling process,but also create fresh surface ofreactive materials,favoring the hydrolysis reaction.展开更多
Titanium silicalite-1(TS-1)films were synthesized on stainless steel plate,glass slide and monolith supports via an in-situ hydrothermal method.Characterization data showed that the formation of TS-1 films was easier ...Titanium silicalite-1(TS-1)films were synthesized on stainless steel plate,glass slide and monolith supports via an in-situ hydrothermal method.Characterization data showed that the formation of TS-1 films was easier on the porous flat support with rough surface such as monolith than on the smooth non-porous supports like glass slide and stainless steel plate.The film on the monolith had the highest uniformity and smallest size of crystals.The catalytic property of monolithsupported film was tested for epoxidation of allyl chloride(ACH)by H2O2in a fixed bed reactor.Under the condition of a methanol(solvent)/ACH(90% )/H2O2(30% )ratio of 12:1:1,a LHSV of 1.35 h-1and a temperature of 318 K,the conversion of allyl chloride and the selectivity to epichlorohydrin reached 79% and 51% ,respectively.展开更多
The usage of plastic-impregnated waste derived solid fuel in conventional combustor is hindered by many technical factors, especially its organic chlorine content. In this paper, experimental study of hydrothermal tre...The usage of plastic-impregnated waste derived solid fuel in conventional combustor is hindered by many technical factors, especially its organic chlorine content. In this paper, experimental study of hydrothermal treatment on mixed plastic waste using the mixture of polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride （PVC） has been performed to observe the dechlorination effect of hydrothermal treatment on the waste. The system was generally applying saturated steam at around 2.4 MPa in a stirring reactor for about 90 minutes. After undergoing the process, the organic chlorine in treated plastic waste was reduced to 1,700 ppm level while the inorganic chlorine content was increased, suggesting an organic chlorine conversion phenomenon to inorganic chlorine, accompanied with low pH due to dehydrochlorination process. Additional limestone （Ca（OH）2） in subsequent experiment showed that the similar phenomenon was occurred but with higher pH and lower chlorine content in the condensed water, suggesting the production of inorganic salt rather than hydrochloric acid. Laboratory scale experiment was also performed to confirm the dechlorination phenomena especially for PVC, and the result showed that the main parameter which affected the dechlorination phenomena was the amount of water in hydrothermal process rather than limestone addition. It is suggested that a combination ofhydrothermal process and alkali addition would produce a low-chlorine solid product from plastic waste, promoting its usage as alternative solid fuel.展开更多
Mg-25 wt% Mg2Ni composite was prepared by sintered method, hydrided at 613 K and then ball-milled with 1.5 wt% PdC12 additive for 51 h. The effects of PdCl2 on the hydriding and dehydriding behavior of Mg-25 wt% Mg2Ni...Mg-25 wt% Mg2Ni composite was prepared by sintered method, hydrided at 613 K and then ball-milled with 1.5 wt% PdC12 additive for 51 h. The effects of PdCl2 on the hydriding and dehydriding behavior of Mg-25 wt% Mg2Ni composite were investigated. The absorption and desorption rate of the composite with PdCl2 is fast and the hydrogen storage capacity is more than that of the composite without PdCl2. The maximum hydrogen storage capacity reached 3.48 wt% at 373 K, and 5.05 wt% H at 453 K, respectively. The improvement of sorption and desorption kinetics is attributed to the catalytic effect of PdCl2, and the grain refining and lattice strain introduced by ball milling.展开更多
Electron paramagnetic resonance and electron-nuclear double resonance methods were used to study the polycyclic aromatic radical cations produced in a Friedel-Crafts alkylating sys- tem, with m-xylene, or p-xylene and...Electron paramagnetic resonance and electron-nuclear double resonance methods were used to study the polycyclic aromatic radical cations produced in a Friedel-Crafts alkylating sys- tem, with m-xylene, or p-xylene and alkyl chloride. The results indicate that the observed electron paramagnetic resonance spectra are due to polycyclic aromatic radicals formed from the parent hydrocarbons. It is suggested that benzyl halides produced in the Friedel-Crafts alkylation reactions undergo Scholl self-condensation to give polycyclic aromatic hydrocar- bons, which are converted into corresponding polycyclic aromatic radical cations in the presence of AlCl3. The identification of observed two radicals 2,6-dimethylanthracene and 1,4,5,8-tetramethylanthraeene were supported by density functional theory calculations using the B3LYP/6-31G（d,p）//B3LYP/6-31G（d） approach. The theoretical coupling constants support the experimental assignment of the observed radicals.展开更多
Crystal of EuCl3(C4H8O4). was obtained from the reaction of C9H7Naand EuCl3,(0. 8: 1 mole ratio) in THF. It was crystallized in Fdd2 space group withunit cell parameters a=29. 161 (4), b=16. 558(6), c=9. 479 (3) A, V=...Crystal of EuCl3(C4H8O4). was obtained from the reaction of C9H7Naand EuCl3,(0. 8: 1 mole ratio) in THF. It was crystallized in Fdd2 space group withunit cell parameters a=29. 161 (4), b=16. 558(6), c=9. 479 (3) A, V=4577 (4)A3, Z=8, Dc= 1.59 g/cm3, Mr=546. 75. F(000)=2192, A(Mo Ka) =0. 71069, u=31. 12 cm-1, T=293K. The final R and Rw values are 0. 040 and 0. 051 respective-ly. Three chlorine atoms and four oxygen atoms from THF are coordinated with cen-tral europium ion to form a pentagonal bipyramid polyhedron with coordination number7, the average Eu-Cl; bond length is 2. 637 A and Eu-O 2. 460A.展开更多
The experimental and numerical investigations of the flow with reaction of two gases: hydrogen chloride HC1 and ammonia NH3 were performed. The article contains description of the visualisation method of the formation...The experimental and numerical investigations of the flow with reaction of two gases: hydrogen chloride HC1 and ammonia NH3 were performed. The article contains description of the visualisation method of the formation and flow of particles of ammonia chloride NH4Cl. Analyses of mean concentration and variance of concentration fluctuations of dispersed phase were performed for different outputs of gases. Numerical calculations were performed for analysed phenomenon. Both numerical and visualisation results were matched and compared.展开更多
基金Projects(51571112,51171079,51471087) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(13KJA430003) supported by Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China+1 种基金Project supported by Qing Lan Project,ChinaProject supported by the Priority Academic Program Development(PAPD) of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions,China
文摘The effects of chloride salts(NaCl,MgCl2and NH4Cl)on the hydrolysis kinetics of MgH2prepared by hydridingcombustion synthesis and mechanical milling(HCS+MM)were discussed.X-ray diffraction(XRD)analyses show that high-purityMgH2was successfully prepared by HCS.Hydrolysis performance test results indicate that the chloride salt added during the millingprocess is favorable to the initial reaction rate and hydrogen generation yield within60min.A MgH2?10%NH4Cl composite exhibitsthe best performance with the hydrogen generation yield of1311mL/g and a conversion rate of85.69%in60min at roomtemperature.It is suggested that the chloride salts not only play as grinding aids in the milling process,but also create fresh surface ofreactive materials,favoring the hydrolysis reaction.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province,China(No.2011011023-2)for financial support
文摘Titanium silicalite-1(TS-1)films were synthesized on stainless steel plate,glass slide and monolith supports via an in-situ hydrothermal method.Characterization data showed that the formation of TS-1 films was easier on the porous flat support with rough surface such as monolith than on the smooth non-porous supports like glass slide and stainless steel plate.The film on the monolith had the highest uniformity and smallest size of crystals.The catalytic property of monolithsupported film was tested for epoxidation of allyl chloride(ACH)by H2O2in a fixed bed reactor.Under the condition of a methanol(solvent)/ACH(90% )/H2O2(30% )ratio of 12:1:1,a LHSV of 1.35 h-1and a temperature of 318 K,the conversion of allyl chloride and the selectivity to epichlorohydrin reached 79% and 51% ,respectively.
文摘The usage of plastic-impregnated waste derived solid fuel in conventional combustor is hindered by many technical factors, especially its organic chlorine content. In this paper, experimental study of hydrothermal treatment on mixed plastic waste using the mixture of polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride （PVC） has been performed to observe the dechlorination effect of hydrothermal treatment on the waste. The system was generally applying saturated steam at around 2.4 MPa in a stirring reactor for about 90 minutes. After undergoing the process, the organic chlorine in treated plastic waste was reduced to 1,700 ppm level while the inorganic chlorine content was increased, suggesting an organic chlorine conversion phenomenon to inorganic chlorine, accompanied with low pH due to dehydrochlorination process. Additional limestone （Ca（OH）2） in subsequent experiment showed that the similar phenomenon was occurred but with higher pH and lower chlorine content in the condensed water, suggesting the production of inorganic salt rather than hydrochloric acid. Laboratory scale experiment was also performed to confirm the dechlorination phenomena especially for PVC, and the result showed that the main parameter which affected the dechlorination phenomena was the amount of water in hydrothermal process rather than limestone addition. It is suggested that a combination ofhydrothermal process and alkali addition would produce a low-chlorine solid product from plastic waste, promoting its usage as alternative solid fuel.
基金Project supported by the Special Funds for Postdoctoral Research Project of China (No. 20060401035)the Hi-Tech Research and Development Program (863) of China (No. 2006AA11A159)
文摘Mg-25 wt% Mg2Ni composite was prepared by sintered method, hydrided at 613 K and then ball-milled with 1.5 wt% PdC12 additive for 51 h. The effects of PdCl2 on the hydriding and dehydriding behavior of Mg-25 wt% Mg2Ni composite were investigated. The absorption and desorption rate of the composite with PdCl2 is fast and the hydrogen storage capacity is more than that of the composite without PdCl2. The maximum hydrogen storage capacity reached 3.48 wt% at 373 K, and 5.05 wt% H at 453 K, respectively. The improvement of sorption and desorption kinetics is attributed to the catalytic effect of PdCl2, and the grain refining and lattice strain introduced by ball milling.
文摘Electron paramagnetic resonance and electron-nuclear double resonance methods were used to study the polycyclic aromatic radical cations produced in a Friedel-Crafts alkylating sys- tem, with m-xylene, or p-xylene and alkyl chloride. The results indicate that the observed electron paramagnetic resonance spectra are due to polycyclic aromatic radicals formed from the parent hydrocarbons. It is suggested that benzyl halides produced in the Friedel-Crafts alkylation reactions undergo Scholl self-condensation to give polycyclic aromatic hydrocar- bons, which are converted into corresponding polycyclic aromatic radical cations in the presence of AlCl3. The identification of observed two radicals 2,6-dimethylanthracene and 1,4,5,8-tetramethylanthraeene were supported by density functional theory calculations using the B3LYP/6-31G（d,p）//B3LYP/6-31G（d） approach. The theoretical coupling constants support the experimental assignment of the observed radicals.
文摘Crystal of EuCl3(C4H8O4). was obtained from the reaction of C9H7Naand EuCl3,(0. 8: 1 mole ratio) in THF. It was crystallized in Fdd2 space group withunit cell parameters a=29. 161 (4), b=16. 558(6), c=9. 479 (3) A, V=4577 (4)A3, Z=8, Dc= 1.59 g/cm3, Mr=546. 75. F(000)=2192, A(Mo Ka) =0. 71069, u=31. 12 cm-1, T=293K. The final R and Rw values are 0. 040 and 0. 051 respective-ly. Three chlorine atoms and four oxygen atoms from THF are coordinated with cen-tral europium ion to form a pentagonal bipyramid polyhedron with coordination number7, the average Eu-Cl; bond length is 2. 637 A and Eu-O 2. 460A.
文摘The experimental and numerical investigations of the flow with reaction of two gases: hydrogen chloride HC1 and ammonia NH3 were performed. The article contains description of the visualisation method of the formation and flow of particles of ammonia chloride NH4Cl. Analyses of mean concentration and variance of concentration fluctuations of dispersed phase were performed for different outputs of gases. Numerical calculations were performed for analysed phenomenon. Both numerical and visualisation results were matched and compared.
