农药中间体2-氯-5-氨甲基吡啶的合成研究

农药重要中间体２－氯－５－氨甲基吡啶是由Ｎ－（２－氯代吡啶－５－甲基）－邻苯二甲酰亚胺先在碱 水溶液中水解，再在稀酸中水解而制得的高收率产品。讨论了反应条件对合成反应的影响。产品总收率为８２％以上。

2-氯-5-氨甲基吡啶的合成研究

根据Delépine伯胺制备方法,以2-氯-5-氯甲基吡啶和六次甲基四胺为原料,实验室制备2-氯-5-氨甲基吡啶。考察了反应过程溶剂的种类及数量、酸碱用量、原料配比对反应的影响,发现以乙腈作溶剂,在n(C6H5NCl2):n[(CH2)6N4]=1∶1.1,n((CH2)6N4):n(HCl):n(NaOH)=1∶8∶8,溶剂量100 mL,反应温度为溶剂沸点的反应条件下,2-氯-5-氨甲基吡啶总收率>89%。产品经NMR分析,结构正确。

2-氨甲基-3-氯-5-三氟甲基吡啶的制备

采用一锅法,以2-氰基甲基-3-氯-5-三氟甲基吡啶为原料,在甲醇中与氢氧化钠70℃得到中间产物2-(3-氯-5-三氟甲基-2-吡啶)乙酰胺,之后再与氢氧化钠和次氯酸钠溶液在10℃反应制得2-氨甲基-3-氯-5-三氟甲基吡啶盐酸盐,收率98.57%。该方法避免高压反应,原材料易得,收率较高。

吡虫清一步法合成

一步法合成吡虫清 ,收率≥80 %(以2—氯—5—氯甲基吡啶计)

Technological Optimization of the Preparation of Imidacloprid

In order to reduce the production cost of imidacloprid, the preparation technology for the direct com-bination of 2-chloro-5-chloromethylpyridine and 2-nitryliminoglyoxaline has been optimized in a 10 L stirred tank reactor with a new solvent, butanone, and a new catalyst, benzyl triethyl-ammonium chloride (BTEAC), which was proved to be more profitable for the production of imidacloprid. Three main affecting factors (the reaction temper-ature, the molar ratio of BTEAC to 2-nitryliminoglyoxaline and the concentration of 2-nitryuminoglyoxaline) for the production of imidacloprid were investigated and the optimum operating conditions were found. Based on the above technological optimization, an industrial process for imidacloprid with a production capacity of 50 tons per year was put in operation using a 2500 L stirred tank reactor under the same operating conditions. Good yield and purity of imidacloprid was also obtained in the industrial production.